Keep instructions brief and uncomplicated as much as possible. When repeating instructions, repeat exactly without paraphrasing.
Clearly define course requirements, the dates of exams, and when assignments are due. Provide advance notice of any changes.
Present lecture information in a visual format (e.g., chalkboard, overheads, PowerPoint slides, handouts, etc.).
Use more than one way to demonstrate or explain information.
When teaching, state objectives, review previous lessons and summarize periodically.
Make instructional on-line course materials available in text form.
Repeat the comments and questions of other students, especially those from the back rows. Acknowledge who has made the comment so students who are deaf or hard of hearing can focus on the speaker.
When appropriate, ask for a hearing volunteer to team up with a student who is deaf or hard of hearing for in-class assignments.
If possible, provide transcripts of audio information.
Allow several moments extra for oral responses in class discussions.
In small group discussions, allow for participation by students with hearing impairments.
Face the class while speaking.
If there is a break in the class, get the attention of the student who is deaf or hard of hearing before resuming class.
Captioned videos, overheads, diagrams, and other visual aids are useful instructional tools for students with hearing impairments.
Be flexible: allow a student who is deaf to work with audiovisual material independently and for a longer period of time.
Assist the student with finding an effective notetaker from the class.
Provide hand-outs (preferably electronically) in advance of lectures and seminars.
Ensure key notices e.g. regarding cancellations or re-scheduled classes, are also announced in ways that are accessible to deaf or hearing impaired students.
Circular seating arrangements offer students who are deaf or hard of hearing the best advantage for seeing all class participants.
When desks are arranged in rows, keep front seats open for students who are deaf or hard of hearing