Creating a Reference List
Contents:
Introduction: What is a Reference?
A reference is a formal way of identifying exactly where your in-text citations have come from. A reference is listed at the end of your essay or assignment in a reference list.
Image 1. An example of a reference.
Image 2. An example of a reference list (Sample Papers, 2021)
Reference List vs Bibliography vs Annotated Bibliography
A reference list is a list of all the works that you have cited (including quoted or paraphrased) within your paper. It appears after the text of the essay or assignment.
A bibliography is a list of potential works that provide background or further reading.
A bibliography with descriptive notes for each work is called an annotated bibliography.
At SHHS, most of the time you will create a reference list for an assignment. If you are unsure, check with your teacher.
Video Tutorial: Creating a Reference List (10 minutes)
The video below is a 10 minute summary of this webpage and how to use the Referencing Templates that are below the video.
Referencing Template for Years 7-9
Below is a Referencing Template for Years 7-9 or click here to download.
Tips:
Pay close attention to copying the use of punctuation (full stops, commas, italics etc.)
In the Years 7-9 version, we have simplified APA 7th to four categories of information sources. At times you may need to estimate which category is closest to your information source. Sometimes there will not be a perfect match, and that is okay, just do your best
If you are not able to find all of the required parts of information, eg. the author's name; refer to the second page of the handout for variations.
SHHS-APA-Referencing7-9.pdfReferencing Template for Years 10-12
Below is a Referencing Template for Years 10-12 or click here to download.
Tips:
Pay close attention to copying the use of punctuation (full stops, commas, italics etc.)
In the Years 10-12 version, we have simplified APA 7th to six categories of information sources. At times you may need to estimate which category is closest to your information source. Sometimes there will not be a perfect match, and that is okay, just do your best
If you are not able to find all of the required parts of information, eg. the author's name; refer to the second page of the handout for variations.
SHHS-APA-Referencing10-12.pdfHow to Format a Reference List
Begin the reference list on a new page at the end of your assignment.
Use the title References in bold and centred at the top of the page.
Order your reference list alphabetically by author (or organisation).
The reference list does not count towards your word count.
If you do not include a quote or a paraphrased idea in your essay, do not include it in your reference list. A reference list contains only works that you have cited in your text.
For more general assessment task guidelines, click here: Formatting Your Assignment
Cite, Reference & Declare the Use of ChatGPT and Other Artificial Intelligence (AI)
What types of AI programs and AI-generated Information do you Need to Declare?
AI programs refer to programs, tools, apps, and websites such as:
text generators including ChatGPT, Google Bard, Bing Chat etc.,
paraphrasing tools that rewrite your text, or other people's text for you, eg. Quillbot etc.,
image generators such as MidJourney etc.
or any other technology that creates text, ideas, or images, including tools that rephrase/rewrite your own writing.
Introduction: What are the Three Steps in Referencing AI Use?
In the text of your assessment, include an in-text citation whenever you do any of the following: directly quote AI-generated words or images, or paraphrase AI-generated ideas.
If you include any in-text citations, you need to write a reference in your reference list.
For each AI program, tool, or website that you utilise, you need to include a declaration as described below; this appears in an appendix after your reference list.
This process aims to make clear where, what to how much you have used AI in your assessment task.
Explanation: Three Steps to Referencing AI Use
In-text Citation for AI creation is described here.
Reference for AI Use. If you have created an in-text citation where you have directly quoted, or paraphrased ideas generated by an AI program, you need to create a reference in your reference list. From the SHHS Referencing Templates, use the format category for a 'website' (7-9) or 'webpage on a website' (10-12), and use the AI company name in place of the author:
Company Name, (2023). Page Title. Website or App Title. Date retrieved. URL.
Example:
OpenAI, (2023). ChatGPT. Retrieved May 30, 2023, from https://chat.openai.com/chat
How to Write a Declaration of AI Use
Copy and paste the Declaration of AI Use text into your assessment task; delete any parts that are not relevant, and create a separate declaration for each AI tool, platform, or website that you have used:
Declaration of AI Use (Copy, Paste & Edit)
I acknowledge the use of (insert AI tool name and URL) in the preparation and/or writing of my assignment. I have used (insert AI tool name) to assist with: (delete items from the following list that do not apply):
Research: I generated an overview of my topic to assist with the research process.
Idea generation: I generated suggestions on possible topics or angles to explore within my assignment.
Clarifying: I generated explanations/examples to help me understand confusing or complex topics.
Structure and organisation: I generated an assignment plan.
Writing: I generated text which I adapted in my assignment. I have indicated through in-text citations where text has been quoted or paraphrased.
Other: Please provide a description of how you have used the tool.
The following prompts were input into (insert AI tool name):
Prompt one:
AI text passage or image:
Prompt two:
AI text passage or image: etc.
Example of a Declaration of AI Use:
I acknowledge the use of OpenAI ChatGPT (https://chat.openai.com/chat) in the preparation and/or writing of my assignment. I have used ChatGPT to assist with:
Clarifying: I generated explanations/examples to help me understand confusing or complex topics.
Writing: I generated text which I adapted in my assignment. I have indicated through in-text citations where text has been quoted or paraphrased.
The following prompts were input into ChatGPT:
Prompt one: "Describe the effect of urbanisation on Koala populations in the Gold Coast hinterland"
AI text passage or image: "Fragmentation also makes Koalas more vulnerable to predation, as they must navigate through unfamiliar landscapes and encounter increased interactions with domestic animals and vehicles. Urbanization also introduces various threats to Koala populations. The influx of humans and increased infrastructure development bring with them additional risks, such as road collisions and domestic pet attacks. Koalas are slow-moving animals with limited adaptation to urban environments, making them particularly susceptible to these dangers. The stress caused by urban noise, pollution, and human disturbance further compounds the challenges faced by Koalas in urbanized areas."
Note: the Declaration of AI Use section is in part copied, and in part adapted from Curtin University. Their original version, and this adapted version are copyright protected by Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence. Any copying or adapting of the Declaration should be attributed as created by Curtin University Library (https://uniskills.library.curtin.edu.au/referencing/apa7/other/) and remain as CC 4.0.
References
APA Style Guide. (2022). Golden West College. Retrieved 3 August 2023 from https://goldenwestcollege.libguides.com/apa7#s-lg-box-23049025
Sample Papers. (2021). APA Style. Retrieved 26 October 2021 from https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/paper-format/student-annotated.pdf