IV

Desi Jigme Namgyel

1. When did Jigme Namgyel become the 51st Druk Desi of Bhutan?

2. What were the main internal challenges faced by Jigme Namgyel after becoming Druk Desi?

3. How did Jigme Namgyel improve Bhutan’s relationship with the British?

4. What role did Dr. Graham play in Bhutan’s border demarcation?

5. Who succeeded Jigme Namgyel as the 52nd Druk Desi, and how did Jigme Namgyel ensure stability after his retirement?

Treaty of Sinchula and the Duars

6. What were the main causes of instability in Bhutan after Desi Jigme Singye?

7. Why did Ashley Eden’s Mission (1864) fail, and what were its consequences?

8. What was the Duar War (1864–1865), and why was it significant for Bhutan?

9. When and where was the Treaty of Sinchula signed?

10. Mention two main terms of the Treaty of Sinchula.

11. How much annual compensation did Bhutan receive under the treaty, and for what loss?

12. How much territory did Bhutan lose as a result of the Treaty of Sinchula?

13. Why were the Duars important for Bhutan before they were ceded?

14. What financial loss did Bhutan suffer before signing the treaty?

SWOT Analysis of the Treaty of Sinchula

15. What was one strength and one weakness of the Treaty of Sinchula?

16. Mention one opportunity and one threat from the treaty for Bhutan.

Gongsa Ugyen Wangchuck’s Rise and Diplomacy

17. Which two important positions did Gongsa Ugyen Wangchuck hold before becoming the most powerful leader in Bhutan?

18. What was the significance of the Battle of Changlimithang (1885)?

19. Why did British-Indian relations with Bhutan worsen in 1887–1888?

20. How did Ugyen Wangchuck first impress the British in diplomacy?

21. What role did he play during the Younghusband Expedition (1903–1904)?

22. What was the Anglo-Tibetan Treaty (1904), and how did Ugyen Wangchuck contribute to it?

23. What British honour was awarded to Ugyen Wangchuck after his diplomatic success?

24. Who was John Claude White, and how did he influence Bhutan’s relations with Britain?

25. What was discussed during Ugyen Wangchuck’s visit with Charles Bell in 1910?

Treaty of Punakha (1910)

26. When and between whom was the Treaty of Punakha signed?

27. How was the Treaty of Punakha different from the Treaty of Sinchula?

28. What were the two main benefits Bhutan received under this treaty?

29. What condition did Bhutan agree to in terms of foreign relations?

30. Why was this treaty important for Bhutan’s long-term peace and friendship with Britain?

SWOT Analysis of the Treaty of Punakha

31. State one strength and one weakness of the Treaty of Punakha.

32. Mention one opportunity and one threat from the treaty.