II

Origin of the First Set of Laws

1. What was the purpose of the Dual System according to Zhabdrung?

2. On what teachings were Zhabdrung’s laws based?

3. What is Kathrim and why is it important?

4. Who updated and wrote down Kathrim in the 18th century?

Significance and Legacy of Zhabdrung’s Laws
5. How did Kathrim help improve social conditions in Bhutan?
6. How did Zhabdrung’s laws link spiritual and secular life?
7. What is the Thrim Zhung Chenmo and when was it introduced?
8. Which aspects of the 17th-century system still remain in Bhutan today?

Development into Modern Legal System
9. What is the Constitution of Bhutan (Tsathrim Chenmo) and when was it introduced?
10. Name two core principles from Kathrim that still influence Bhutanese law today.