E rua ōku taringa, kōtahi tōku waha.
You have two ears for listening and one mouth for talking!
The most simple and straight forward question to ask is a plus, minus, interesting analysis. This means you ask three questions:
What did you like?
What did you not like?
What was something you found interesting?
This should simply be a starting point though for you to ask more detailed questions.
Do not ask questions that can be answered with one word. "good", "bad" etc.
For example, "What do you think about my model?". If they answer "its good" this does not help you develop your model further .
Offer a range of choices.
Asking if they prefer one colour or the other is a much better way of gathering user feedback, and then show them what each of the models look like
Ask follow up questions
Try to dig into what the person means. Why do they like that feature? Why did they play your game for just a few minutes? Why, why, why? Be like an annoying 5 year old and keep asking why, in the nicest possible way.
Practice
Just like every skill you need to practice to get better at it. Start of by just asking the simple questions but try and extend yourself to ensure you are getting better rather than stagnating.
Don't get feedback for feedbacks sake
Your feedback questions should be designed to further your project. It is an important step in your development process and should not be seen as a chore. You should be able to leverage the experiences and thoughts of other people.
Use informal feedback to the max
You can flick through a photo of your project at the moment to your friends on social media and see what they think. You can bring home your project and talk about it with them. Put it out onto the internet platform and see what random people think.
Always thank those who give you feedback.
If you were doing this project what would you do differently?