David Cavell
MS Geology
Idaho State University
email: davidcavell@isu.edu
Create a detailed map of the Sixmile Butte volcano and associates flows and understand its place in the eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP) volcanic history. One portion of the project will do field mapping of the Sixmile area to identify flow fronts and boundaries and understand the eruptive history and construction of the volcano. The other portion will be to use geochemical data of Sixmile Butte and surrounding volcanoes for identifying potential trends in magma evolution within the ESRP and if we can see the regional evolution of an evolved center.
Work as a volcanologist at an observatory, or with a state or federal agency monitoring and/or modeling volcanic hazards
Work as a geologic mapper, mapping, predominantly volcanic areas, to improve and complete the geologic map coverage of the western United States and other locals
Look further into volcanic geochemistry within the ESRP and/or other volcanic regions
Graduate with a Masters degree
Create a detailed map of the Sixmile volcano flows
Understand the geochemistry of the ESRP
Collect data from field samples and interpret the data
Write thesis
Effectively educate undergraduates in the introductory Earth Systems labs
Create and grow a social and professional network with faculty/staff and fellow graduate students
For 8/1:
Trace:
Compare ranges of change to other SROTS for the variation within any one unit
Add 2 WSU-MSU crossover samples
Check similarity between plag field estimates and point counts from thin section set; Can you use field estimates to compare to Ba, Zr, Sr?
Do plag vs Sr plot
make heatmaps of Ba, Sr, Zr across ESRP. For units with multiple values, use median and stdev. Locate data based on vent location, not sample location.
Do time series style plots of the same trace values for cores (start with Potter)
MGO spread:
remove Lavatoo
Check Helmuth data for Pond, other data that could be added to file
Update MgO spreads using Potter flow groups
MEO:
for the three subsurface pints with the low Mg# and low K/P: where are those located (horizontally and vertically) relative to the rest of the subsurface data? Which points represent overlap where the same subunit is present in surface and subsurface data records?
Make the Fenners clean for thesis (flow groups, connecting subunits to approximate time sequence)
Clustering:
Repeat existing version, but normalizing all three inputs first. Does it come out the same?
Try reduced set of samples that have ol% (viz ok)
Look up why ward.D2? How different are other results? (How sensitive are the results to the algorithm choice?)
Look at plag paper
Keep writing
For 7/25:
Reach out to MSU to see whether they are still planning on running the samples
Trace:
Dig into the ones that we have point counts for, particularly subdivided olivines
Which xls will take Ba, Zr, or other trace elements with ranges of values?
Compare ranges of change to other SROTS, both a) the bulk distribution of the ESRP and b) the variation within any one unit
MgO spread:
review Potter data considering the specific flow groups
filter Lavatoo based on strat column in Miller. Check coordinates from core location. Look to separate 5206, Lavatoo, and maybe Quaking Aspen?
MEO:
mixing: do targeted point combinations and check outcome values for things like Ba
Clustering of flow groups:
try using clustering dendrogram in R on department machines, considering ex., MgO, Ol%, Ba
see tutorial for coding support; pay attention to assumptions about inputs and clustering algorithm
How do the geochem flow groups relate to the petrography data? How do the dendrogram groups relate to the previously interpreted groups?
"Duplicate samples" from Dietz and Hughes: Is there any change in the trace? (none observed in MEO)
Check slides for Dietz's surface samples, compare to own modal distributions
Look over papers from SKN
Keep writing
For 7/17:
Trace:
dig into whether spreads are related to changes in petrography, etc.
Likely causes of shifts in barium and zirconium?
Write interpretations with justifying figures
MgO spread: check all core values to confirm that they actually belong to the correct unit (Kimama test on Lavatoo, others)
MEO
Put together outline to guide SKN through the mixing testing
Diagrams as a whole:
resymbolize based on flows/groups and interpret
Do kmeans on geochem (do elbow plot to identify ideal number of groups): Does it create the same groups?
How do the geochem flow groups relate to the petrography data?
Check Hughes' data: are they from different cores? If from the same cores as Dietz, do they agree (duplicates)? If from surface: how do they relate to the surface map? Check Hughes' field notes for hand sample descriptions of SMB-04 samples
Make a figure that combines flow unit map with surface samples from Hughes and Dietz -- have tables showing how the Hughes and Dietz data for those samples compares to the unit as defined by Cavell data
Keep staring at petrography graph -- does it support/reject other ideas?
Keep writing
For 7/3 (Field camp informal meetings in between):
update trace element tables (correct the normalization issue)
plot the trace elements
write brief interpretations with justifying figures
MgO spread: check all core values to confirm that they actually belong to the correct unit (Kimama test on Lavatoo, others)
MEO
There are two groups in the Fenner plots of the core data. Do those two groups (gray-x, blue-diamond) relate to the groups in Dietz's La enrichment groups?
Game-play with the K2O/P2O5 vs Mg#: are you looking at two groups (D-N and D-S) that can be mixed to get the others (surface)? Re-symbolize into distinct core sets and surface.
Fence diagram: compare at sample (flow pulse) scale, not mixing scales between samples (surface) and entire thickness of local core preservation. Consider locations of cores, geochemistry, plausible paleotopography, petrography (when available), etc. Use CoMU rules for vertical stacking.
Check Hughes' data: are they from different cores? If from the same cores as Dietz, do they agree? If from surface: how do they relate to the surface map? Check Hughes' field notes for hand sample descriptions of SMB-04 samples
Keep staring at petrography graph -- does it support/reject other ideas?
Keep writing
For 5/22:
MgO spreads:
Remove non-Kimama from Kimama group (maybe have to remove whole group?)
Check KB data for split across different eras of measurement or dating
MEO
Relate core groups to the La enrichment groups in Dietz
Plot K2O/P2O5 vs Mg# (see Dietz Fig 2.20)
Make a fence diagram to show (im)plausible lateral correlations
Is there anything else to interpret from the xl % graph?
Keep writing
For 5/9:
MgO spreads:
Remove non-Kimama from Kimama group (maybe have to remove whole group?)
Remove Table Legs outlier (asterisk)
Check KB data for split across different eras of dating
Anything fishy about Lavatoo?
MELTS:
FeO adjustment wonky, talk to KM
Check Dietz and McCurry stuff for initial T
Keep calling Ashley (WSU)
Ol plots
check 0.62 value
make version of plot as additive bar chart (use horizontal lines to indicate which are in stratigraphic order)
add new plot or secondary axis for Ol sizes (median and stdev)
Make a fence diagram to show (im)plausible lateral correlations
Keep writing
For 5/2:
Add other oxides from MELTS to plots
use lines instead of points
show KM
finish powdering
Point counts
check order of Dietz points
combine Dietz and own data
Can you quasi-correlate any points?
What's the combined narrative?
Keep reaching out to WSU, follow up with Erika
Ask Dietz about lone wild MgO value
Look at thin section 142_157 to check olivine status
Keep writing
For 4/25:
Graduation deferral paperwork
Play with new MELTS option
Keep powdering
Keep point counting Dietz
Keep reaching out to WSU
Follow up with MSU
Use existing Dietz values to add to Ol vs MgO plot
Keep writing
For 4/18:
Graduation deferment
I heard that advisors have to fill out a form about the out-of-department classes: Fill it out in Docusign and bring to SKN to click (ask Dali)
MELTS is cursed by the devil
ask KM if her team has a machine that currently runs it
Start on powdering
Keep point counting Dietz
Use existing Dietz values to add to Ol vs MgO plot
For 4/11:
Fenner diagram: add modeled lines for the estimated parent melt undergoing simple fractional xl-ization
Maybe ask Ryan N?
Point counting with Dietz's slides
Select samples for additional powdering, bring justifications to next meeting
Check Dietz's most-different MgOs (can you add to Ol vs MgO plot?)
Check FeO vs Ol
Communicate with Erika/Cody/WSU about fusing
Pull Spear thesis (1979) (ILL?)
For 4/4:
On context map: add labels for source boundaries
Add faults (if you don't have them, email SKN)
Fenner diagram: add modeled lines for the estimated parent melt undergoing simple fractional xl-ization
Organize data in terms of eruptive sequence
See about using Dietz's thin sections
Plot ol and plag %s rather than use table
plot ol vs MgO - does one predict the other?
Get the fused samples and process
For 3/21:
On context map: add labels for source boundaries
Add faults (if you don't have them, email SKN)
Add other ESRP data, including Sixmile to map with ternary, for ternary, remove axis tick labels and enlarge MEO text
When samples arrive, work with Andy (follow up with TR if nothing arrives by Wednesday)
Revise spread figure to replace box-and-whiskers with points and connecting lines
Fenner diagram: add modeled lines for the estimated parent melt undergoing simple fractional xlization
Thin section madness; for first thin section compare with field notes/sample
Colloquium presentation!
For 3/7:
On map: add scabland overlay, add labels for source boundaries
Add other ESRP data, including Sixmile to map with ternary, for ternary, remove axis tick labels and enlarge MEO text
When samples arrive, work with Andy
Make range figure for least compatible MEOs comparing various volcanoes
Fenner diagram: add modeled lines for the estimated parent melt undergoing simple fractional xlization
Low time pressure: adjust unit colors on sample context map to increase differences
Send plag growth papers to SKN
Thin section madness; for first thin section, correct math and compare with field notes/sample
For 2/28:
On map: add scabland overlay, add labels for source boundaries
Make figure with ternary diagram inset and ESRP map, using different colors for the sample groups (use different symbols for core)
Follow up with Kurt about trace analysis
Make figure showing ranges of values within a single unit and across a recharge set (Kimama), show SKN and KM
Low time pressure: adjust unit colors on sample context map to increase differences
Send plag growth papers to SKN
Bring thin section data next week (does not need to be complete)
Start slides for colloquium talk 3/12, bring initial draft
Practice slides 3/3
For 2/21:
On map:
readjust Helmuth contact (add text to Intro about the differences in contact as related to heterogeneity), add scabland overlay
Add lines to denote the sources of contacts for various parts of the map
Check COTM-parallel groups on ternary in GESRP vents: where do these other groups occur?
Tuesday: email about trace if nothing heard before then
Geochem story: Hughes and McCurry
Add legends to maps
Map: zoomed out version
Keep learning about plag growth and cooling patterns
Thin sections
For 2/7:
On map:
readjust Helmuth contact (add text to intro about the differences in contacts as related to heterogeneity), add scabland overlay
Add lines to denote the sources of contacts for various parts of the map
Add error bars to Fenner plots where appropriate
Check COTM-parallel group on ternary in GESRP vents: where do the other groups occur?
Check the La vs MgO from Dietz; make the plots pretty
Simplify the geochem story. Focus on contextualizing with narratives from Hughes and McCurry
Stay in contact about Trace
Add legends to various maps
Map: make a zoomed-out version with other flow boundaries and subsurface sample locations
Expand plag story
Thin section mayhem
For 1/31:
Check Dietz's low MgO on P2O5 and NaO (Fenner)
Check COTM-parallel group on ternary in GESRP vents: are these Cedar?
Check the La vs MgO from Dietz; make the plots pretty
Simplify the geochem story. Focus on contextualizing with narratives from Hughes and McCurry
Maps: move NE boundary to match river
Map: symbols for catch-and-release, collected, and analyzed; revise INL name
Map: make a zoomed-out version with other flow boundaries and subsurface sample locations
Email about trace element data
write first draft of plag growth story
For 1/24:
Check high MgO values from Dietz (switched values?)
Sort Dietz data in Fenner diagrams by enrichment group
Make/find Fenner diagram illustrating a single reservoir with zoning, single reservoir with deep recharge
Read moar geochem, pull more detailed interp from Hughes
Review/revise methods section (Ch3), add figure showing field description and sample locations, describe field campaign design
With luck: receive trace element data
Look up papers on plag growth during ascent
{SKN: reply to scheduling email}
For 1/17:
Create Fenner diagrams that show interpreted sequence, make Hughes and Dietz data background with different symbols for surface and subsurface
Write bullet points for interpretation from Fenner diagrams
Read Hughes paper about ESRP geochem interp
Convert your Fe to FeO format
Issue with pet scope stage: SKN check in with Kurt and Kendra about status
Review/revise methods section (Ch3)
Review/revise based on feedback in Ch 2
With luck: receive trace element data
Schedule committee review meeting with SKN and Kendra (check if KM got prospectus copy)
For 1/8:
Add context GESRP to Fenner diagrams
Check Fe reporting state (FeO* vs Fe2O3*)
Plot TAS
Geochem comparison to Haley's data: does the closeness of fit change if you consider her different groups?
Wrap up point counts
Finish final class assignments
For 12/12:
Sign up for colloquium talk day (April 2?)
Make MEO figures
Tighten language in DOMU
Last 2 slides of point counting! Aim to get at least 1 done.
Double check book vs GIS entries, especially in areas near contacts
{SKN: check out Ch 2 draft}
For 12/5:
Double check book vs GIS entries, especially in areas near contacts
Yay for point counting!
Revise DOMU
Wrap up class assignments
Finish program of study
{SKN: check out Ch 2 draft}
For 11/21:
Wrap up revised viz of REE plot
Continue the point counting party!
Finish writing DOMU
Edits to summit area of map
work on final projects for classes
apply for BLM position in NM
For 11/14:
apply for BLM position in NM
work on final projects for classes
Point Counting Extravaganza!!! Party time!!
REE
remove USGS 139
add Hughes data
Revise map
Hold: Finish DOMU
For 11/7:
REEs:
compare REEs in Dietz to find ones that are more similar
compare to Dietz strat column
THIN SECTIONS
FINISH THE BESTIARY FOR THE LOVE OF GOD DAVID! -David
Finish DOMU
go to field for blank NE from crater section and SW from crater
For 10/31:
REES:
Does the La spread in the Dietz data reflect space? How?
Fix sort problem in Hughes' sheet (go back to original)
Make map without plag symbols; make polygons open (not filled) over lidar; add Y-O labels
Write descriptive definitions of subunits based on the hand samples and field descriptions
Finish bestiary
example of what you think of as "bubbly"
For 10/24:
Check normalization of REEs
Finalize maps: bring to next meeting
THIN SECTION MADNESS
Make your bestiary: identify all (sub)populations, describe how to identify them, snag photos, estimate percentages
For 10/17:
Input Haley's data & make figures
Keep playing with map symbology
Make new lidar map figures
compare contacts with lidar morphology
Keep working on Ch 2
For 10/10:
Chat with Glenn once he's back
Talk to Kendra about Haley's data access
Contact MCS support about MELTS not connecting
Tinker with map symbology to decide confidence on current grouping
{SKN: review Ch 1} Email SKN to remind her
Keep poking Ch2
For 10/3:
Re-read Giordano paper (visc)
figured it out
Show Glenn the flood maps
Glenn has been too broken to find outside of class
Add SROT examples to spider diagram
Plot geochem targets for Hughes and Dietz datasets
Haley's geochem data is not in the draft you sent me
Sr and Y not in Scott's data
cant find anything on Rb/Ba ratio outside of Barton's thesis
Email MSU to confirm receipt of samples
should get a receipt next week, Tyrone is out of the country doing field work
Email McCurry about MCS question
Tinker with map symbology to decide confidence on current grouping
{SKN: review Ch 1}
Keep poking Ch2
will be "finished" 10/4
For 9/26:
georeferencing more maps from Warner to determine more precisely which flood condition is more likely for the felsic rocks found
need to read more of Shaw (1972) for viscosity calculations (lots of words and different equations)
Visc calculations
geochem targets
majors, Sr/Y v Mg# (plag- vs ol-forming), K2O2/P2O5 v Mg# (AFC-crust, FC, AFC-gabbro), La v Mg# (population separation), Rb/Ba (assim), Tb/Yb (spinel peridotite mantle source)
Keep fighting with MCS
Add trace to REE plots
Update contacts based on new field data
{SKN: review Ch 1}
If time: start on Ch2
Get Haley's thesis, review
For 9/19:
Find Braeden Warner thesis (ask Glenn?) for flood conditions
Label points on map, add summit mark
Are current contacts granular enough?
MCS
recharge & assimilation
Start REE plots using existing data based on Barton
Initial viscosity calculations
Map out other geochem targets to discuss
Make shared drive for thesis draft; share with SKN
Send Ch1 draft to SKN
If time: start on Ch2
For 9/12:
Back to Sixmile on the 14th? hvea idae for mppaing aera
Emily or Kyleigh available?
Map:
Add ol, plag %'s and sizes to dots on map for all field observations
Add summit
Re-start MCS process
rhyolite/Arco Hills/Copper Basin
Graveyard Point/high-MgO
Stratigraphic order?
Read Barton Thesis, summarize useful points
Register for 1 cr research problems under RA, 1 cr Thesis under SKN
For 8/29:
Geothermal competition? Talk about the deets
<Did fieldwork, collected rocks, sweated a lot>
Finish sample processing for thin sections and XRF/ICPMS
Working on what is needed to ship powders to MSU
heard back from MSU; filling out paperwork
Look up thin section costs, send favorite to SKN
Finish draft map (may need to bleed over slightly)
Re-start MCS process
rhyolite/Arco Hills/Copper Basin
Graveyard Point/high-MgO
Stratigraphic order?
Put together proposal for return to Sixmile
For 5/21?:
Update maps: remove rhyolite, fix Sixmile location, adjust frame to include Wapi; convert stdev to stdev relative to mean (%)
Lavatoo: search for Hodges et al. (2024) for lumping/splitting question
Field scouting trip: make plan, including maps
get DEM, make hillshade; airphotos
Debug MCS
For 5/8:
Finish prospectus final draft
Final grades due
Add stdev to map
Lavatoo
organizing by site, then elevation -- check coordinates of surface samples rel. to core
flag within site for odd jumps in MgO
check fence diagram (Hodges) for possible lumping vs splitting
Box plots: check Zr data columns
Play with MCS
For 4/25:
Geostats and 6603 presentations {SKN attend 8 am Thursday}
work on prospectus 2nd draft
Add more dome(s) to box plots
Check Lavatoo breaks in Mg trends to see if they relate to anything spatially (horizontal or vertical)
Stddev map where stdev is relative to its own unit, not whole set
Finish figures
Field assistant for me and Dali rumor???
For 4/18:
See if Kendra has experience with MCS, if not then try Scott
meeting with Mike, 19th Apr
Map of geochem variance
look at the lavas in box and whiskers
Plot Lavatoo with Sixmile chem to see if the trends line up
Check to see if we have Zr data for other COTM lavas, especially in the north. If so, add to plot.
Add figures to summaries
What fraction of the Potter FeO measurements (by unit) are within 10% of mean of all values (by unit)?
88%
Add to short summaries (see file for notes)
<SKN: finish draft feedback>
Keep working on figures
to be completed this weekend/following week
For 4/11:
Set up meeting with MMC about MCS
Dive into Lavatoo samples to check spread
Add BSB rhyolites, remove BSB basalt
Are there other trace elements that could be used?
ZR (is plotted)
Write short summaries of Potter analysis stuff and geochem interpretations
IASE!
Finish prospectus draft
For 4/4:
see about reply from SSH about Wapi weirdo
make plots for FeO and one or more trace elements
Soooo much grading!
MCS tutorial(s)
run a couple viable scenarios
-Need to email MMcC about good ways to run it for ESRP basalts as I ran into errors and questions
Prep suggested fall schedule
For 3/28:
Send unit numbers and associated depths for Kimama core to SKN
{SKN email about Kimama core access}
Check Wapi plot -- any chance Wapi Park was included? Difference in who collected/processed? Also check to confirm Antelope Butte.
See if you can get more GESRP stdevs from geochem set
Add sentence about dashed line, complete partial sentence, and add figure caption to VdPT guide
Look up info on MCS
**Talk about Fall classes**
For 3/14:
Update equations for stddevs, associated plots
make a mini slide deck
Write quick-guide to Van der Plas and Tobi (1965) chart
Talk about field assistant(s)
For 3/7:
Update equations for stddevs, associated plots
make a mini slide deck
Write quick-guide to Van der Plas and Tobi (1965) chart
Poster draft
For 2/29:
{SKN: methods review}
Add unit number labels to spreadsheet
Calculate average and stdev for each of the units; use those values for another forecast
Review USGS proposal option
Read/summarize Van der Plas and Tobi (1965)
For 2/22:
Add strat lines from Potter to % error predictions; assess how flow boundaries influence error calculations
Submit TRGS proposal
Submit CERE proposal
Write abstract for ISU Research Symposium and send to SKN (due 2/21)
For 2/15:
depth series: calculate % of errors <10% for the other n groups (repeat what we did for n=4)
Write TR draft; send to SKN
Send SKN geochem rates as a budget for TR draft
For 2/8:
plot % error as depth series for linear predictions using n=2,3,4,5
can be separate graphs per species
Consider using line instead of point in xy scatter
Gather info on Tobacco Root requirements/timing
Look up geochem analysis rates (check BYU, MSU, Hamilton)
<In meeting: discuss plag paper summary>
For 2/1:
Play more with predictive value of preceding point(s) (within Potter series)
Read/summarize Chadwick et al. (2023)
{SKN review problem statement in Moodle before Monday}
Keep working on plag paper summary
For 1/25:
Look for info on high P units
Explore possible predictive use of previous points along time-space trend
Look for geochem evolution calculations for Cedar Butte
Revise problem statement draft
Look for info on plag crystal growth rates (summarize paper(s))
For 1/18:
Plot MgO vs FeO, look for relationship and likelihood trends (also FeO vs TiO2)
Revisit Group X vs Group Y rules
Look into High Fe-Ti and High K-Fe units
Compare Melts output for 2% H2O
{SKN: review problem statement draft}
For 12/13:
Track down MgO plotting issue for Cedar
Add plots for Pond Butte and Crater Butte
Look at changes from using different Melts version
For 12/6:
Plot Sixmile, Cedar Butte, Pond, and Crater values on the more cyclic graphs from Potter (check Hughes geochem database)
Play with Melts
For 11/29:
Look for longer form associated paper to Hawaii melts paper
Read/summarize Potter paper
Wrap up partially complete second Melts review
{SKN: share notes from Sixmile fieldwork}
For 11/8 (SKN away, email check-in):
Adjust chem distributions to reduce number of divisions
Talk to Haley about how to access additional core data; ask her if she can present to us
Keep playing with MELTS
Find/read/summarize paper using MELTS on basalts (x2)
For 11/1:
Plot chemical distributions as color ramped symbols specifically for Sixmile
Talk to Haley about consistency between her surface/core data vs older values
consistency between samples (sampled same cores that were sampled previously)
Read up on MELTS
For 10/25:
Compare geochem from Butte 5206 (Miller) with Sixmile; make/justify interpretations
Use stats to compare surface and subsurface data from Sixmile (same population?)
With Geochem file: pick 3-4 elements and make a heat map of their distribution (ignore actual contacts, etc., and just look for major trends)
{SKN: email Susie J about ISGC options}
For 10/18:
{SKN: read EdMap, email Zac}
Find/read/summarize Miles Miller (2009)??
Make list of key needs for grants
For 10/11:
Read/Summarize DeNosaquo et al. (2009)
Look up ISGC, GSA funding opportunities
For 10/4:
Read/summarize Hayden (1992) thesis
Draft budget: adjust to a per-day cost, assume 2 people, free camping, $50/day vehicle
For 9/27:
Read/summarize Hughes et al. (2020), McCurry and Rodgers (2009)
Start draft budget for fieldwork
For 9/13 (email meeting):
Look up EdMap details
appear to be announced in early Nov., past deadlines have been early Jan.
(Next semester: plan for Geslin proposal)
Summarize McCurry et al (2008)
Seminar!
{SKN: ask Scott about geochem data access}
For 9/6:
{SKN see if I can figure out website access issue}
Populate upper part of website
Read/summarize and add project relevance for: Hughes et al. (2002), Hughes et al. (2002b)
More social stuff
For 8/30:
Populate upper part of website
Read Lev paper and write abstract
Review Helmuth map and pamphlet, write notes
Read Kuntz paper and write abstract
Do something social