HTML DOM se centra en la respuesta de JavaScript a eventos
Responder a los eventos
Como hemos visto en ejemplos y ejercicios anteriores, las funciones JavaScript se pueden ejecutar como resultado de un evento, como hacer clic en un elemento HTML.
onclick=JavaScript
Lista de eventos :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1 onclick="this.innerHTML = 'Ooops!'">Click on this text!</h1>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1 onclick="changeText(this)">Click on this text!</h1>
<script>
function changeText(id) {
id.innerHTML = "Ooops!";
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
To assign events to HTML elements you can use event attributes.
Assign an onclick event to a button element:
<button onclick="displayDate()">Try it</button>
In the example above, a function named displayDate will be executed when the button is clicked.
The HTML DOM allows you to assign events to HTML elements using JavaScript:
Assign an onclick event to a button element:
<script>
document.getElementById("myBtn").onclick = displayDate;
</script>
In the example above, a function named displayDate is assigned to an HTML element with the id="myBtn".
The function will be executed when the button is clicked.
The onload and onunload events are triggered when the user enters or leaves the page.
The onload event can be used to check the visitor's browser type and browser version, and load the proper version of the web page based on the information.
The onload and onunload events can be used to deal with cookies.
<body onload="checkCookies()">
The onchange event is often used in combination with validation of input fields.
Below is an example of how to use the onchange. The upperCase() function will be called when a user changes the content of an input field.
<input type="text" id="fname" onchange="upperCase()">
The onmouseover and onmouseout events can be used to trigger a function when the user mouses over, or out of, an HTML element:
Mouse Over Me
The onmousedown, onmouseup, and onclick events are all parts of a mouse-click. First when a mouse-button is clicked, the onmousedown event is triggered, then, when the mouse-button is released, the onmouseup event is triggered, finally, when the mouse-click is completed, the onclick event is triggered.
Click Me
Change an image when a user holds down the mouse button.
Display an alert box when the page has finished loading.
Change the background-color of an input field when it gets focus.
Change the color of an element when the cursor moves over it.
For a list of all HTML DOM events, look at our complete HTML DOM Event Object Reference.