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TIME. - This faculty also was discovered by Dr. Gall, who considered it as part of the musical area. Dr. Spurzheim became convinced that two separate faculties functioned through this area and divided it into two-Time and Tune. It lies between locality and tune and gives cognizance of duration and lapse of time, punctuality, memory of ages, musical memory and rhythm.
Persons in whom this faculty is strong- are punctual and when they disagree with the clock the timepiece is usually at fault. They keep perfect time in music and walk, exercise or dance evenly and rhythmically.
Cultivate by the practice of punctuality and by rhythmic exercise and music.
Of Time, Dr. Spurzheim writes:
It perceives the duration, simultaneousness and succession of phenomena: is one of the essential attributes of music, some musicians having great facility, others great difficulty in playing to time, and is situated between locality and tune. .
James Simpson, an associate of George Combe, made a careful study of this faculty and gave a report in the Edinburgh Phrenological Journal from which the following is taken:
We have found the organ largely developed in those who show an intuitive knowledge of the lapse of minutes and hours, so as to name the time of day without having recourse to the clock and also in those who perceive those minuter divisions and their harmonious relations which constitute rhythm and who, when they apply the tact to music are called good timists - a distinct power from that of the mere melodist and often wanting in him.
LANGUAGE. - This was the first faculty localized by Dr. Gall, while yet but a lad in school and he thoroughly demonstrated the localization by scientific research and experiment, later on. According to Dr. Hollander, Dr. Broca who now receives credit for this discovery, had attended a course of Gall's lectures and therefore knew of Gall's previous researches.
When this center is strong, it presses on the supra orbital plate, pressing the eye downward and outward. It is located in the third frontal convolution of the brain.
Persons in whom this faculty is strongly developed, are very communicative and possess remarkable verbal memory; and if highly endowed intellectually and otherwise, can be truly eloquent and with strong constructiveness and imagination, excellent writers.
Deficiency. - When deficient. the eye is smaller and more deeply set and the person-especially if caution and secretiveness are active-is reticent and sometimes hesitant in speech. When the motive temperament is predominant and the bony structure about the eye is strongly marked, this center will often .appear less developed than it really is.
With such an organization and a fine intelligence, language will be brief but to the point and often powerfully and beautifully expressed, although without redundancy or superfluous words. Henry Ward Beecher and James G. Blaine are remarkable instances of large development of this faculty.
Jerome K. Bauduy, M. D., in "Lectures of Diseases of the Nervous System," affirms the right of discovery of this faculty to Dr. Gall:
"A German physician, Dr. Gall, announced to the scientific world at the beginning of the nineteenth century, that there was in the brain a distinct, separate, individual organ, whose physiological functions were to preside over the formation and retention of words and language; and that this organ was located in that part of the cerebrum situated upon the posterior part of the supra-orbital plates."
Cultivate by reading the best authors and listening to the most talented speakers. Memorize passages from the best of these and cultivate the art of conversation on all possible occasions.
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