Genetics and Epigenetics

Students will focus on the processes and factors that control gene expression. Students investigate the predictable aspects of genetics that are based on nucleotide sequence and gene dominance behaviors. Students predict possible outcomes of monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses, and non-Mendelian inheritance using Punnett squares and mathematical conventions. Students recognize that gene expression is a regulated process by interpreting scenarios to determine the causes for demonstrated traits (see STAAR analysis of B.6D for more details). Students recognize the significance of meiosis to sexual reproduction and the events that can occur during meiosis that increase genetic variability. Students describe the roles of DNA, RNA, and environmental factors in cell differentiation.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Watch one of the videos on meiosis and create a bubble map about meiosis.

2. Write 3-5 complete sentences summarizing how meiosis contributes to genetic diversity.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Using information from our cell cycle unit and what you've just learned about meiosis, create a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting mitosis and meiosis. The video above may also be useful to review some key points. Be sure to include differences in the types of cells that do each process, why the cells do these processes, and differences in chromosome numbers at the end of the processes. Your map should include these terms:

  • haploid
  • diploid
  • 2 daughter cells
  • 4 daughter cells
  • gametes
  • body/somatic cell
  • genetically varied
  • genetically identical
  • 23 chromosomes
  • 46 chromosomes
  • crossing over
  • independent assortment
  • Sexual
  • Asexual

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Take out a sheet of paper and label the top "Chromosomal Mutations."

2. Then, fold the paper hamburger and hot dog style. At the top of each section, write "Translocation," "Inversion," "Deletion," and "Duplication".

3. Watch the video on chromosomal mutations and define and illustrate each type of mutation, using the video, book and/or internet.

4. Below your notes, summarize what you've learned about mutations in 3-5 sentences. Are all mutations bad? Why or why not?

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Watch the videos above on gene regulation.

2. See me for a copy of the DNA Processing activity.

3. Complete the DNA processing activity, including the Pre-lab questions.


ASSIGNMENT:

1. Watch the video on Mendel's pea plants.

2. Write an intelligent 3-5 sentence statement about what you learned. Please use the terms "dominant", "recessive", "genotype" and "phenotype" in your explanation.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Use the video above to learn how to complete a Punnett Square.

2. As you watch the video, pay attention to the terms HOMOzygous and HETEROzygous, as they are used throughout the unit.

3. Then, come get a copy of a Punnett Square/Monohybrid practice.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Use the video above to learn how to complete a dihybrid cross.

2. Get a copy of the video notes to fill out while you watch the video.

3. Then, come get a copy of Dihybrid Crosses practice from me and use the video as a model to complete. If you get stuck, you may either re-watch the video or see me with a specific question.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Use the video above to learn how to complete a sex-linked cross.

2. Get a copy of the video notes to fill out while you watch the video.

3. Then, come get a copy of Sex-Linked Crosses practice.

ASSIGNMENT:

1) See me for a copy of pedigree practice.

2) Watch the video, and use the information to help you complete the pedigree practice.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Take a piece of paper and divide it hamburger and hot-dog (in fourths). At the top of each section, write: Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Polygenic Traits and Epistasis.

2. Use the video above to learn how to complete a codominance and incomplete dominance cross, and take notes in each section of your notes about the corresponding topic.

3. Then, come get a copy of Codominance and Incomplete Dominance Crosses practice from me and use the video as a model to complete. If you get stuck, you may either re-watch the video or see me with a specific question.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Use the link above to create a DNA fingerprint.

2. Then, write 3-5 sentences on what a DNA fingerprint is and how it can be useful. Be sure to include a description of what a DNA fingerprint looks like.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Watch the video above on stem cells.

2. Then, use the link above to complete a virtual lab about stem cells.

3. When you are done, write 3-5 sentences about stem cells. What are they, where do you find them and what can they be used for?

4. We will do a whole-class activity on cell differentiation to help drive this home.

ASSIGNMENT:

1. Watch one of the videos on epigenetics. If you are short on time, please select the second video.

2. Write 3-5 sentences about how this information changes how we think about genetics. Why is it important for us to make healthy decisions on things, like diet, for future generations?

You are done with this unit! Extra time? See me about extension activities! Material through meiosis will be on your semester final.