With this unit be prepared to answer: Why do we study the past? What is history? What are the geographer’s tools? How do archaeologists uncover the story of early peoples? How have humans adapted to their environment in order to survive? How did agriculture affect people living in the Stone Age? How did farming villages develop?
With this unit, be prepared to answer: What legacies have been left by the civilizations that developed in the Fertile Crescent? Why is ancient Mesopotamia considered the “cradle of civilization?”
Ancient Egypt developed along the Nile River. Not only did the rich farmland along the Nile provide surplus food, the river became a trading highway. The resulting civilization developed complex social roles, religions and governments.
"So far as I am able to judge, nothing has been left undone, either by man or nature, to make India the most extraordinary country that the sun visits on his rounds. Nothing seems to have been forgotten, nothing overlooked." - Mark Twain, from Following the Equator.
As we have seen in previous units, geography and the availability of natural resources influenced the development of the political, economic, and cultural systems of ancient China. It provided motivation for expansion which resulted in innovations in technology, as well as the development of three unique belief systems
Three things cannot be long hidden: the sun, the moon, and the truth. - Buddha
Unlike anything we have studied earlier, the geography of Greece was such that regions were separated by mountains, resulting in many city-states forming. These were ruled independently, and over time, many different types of governments emerged. Historians attribute the birth of democracy, as we know it, to Athens, a city-state in Greece.
It is the year 80 CE, and the emperor has invited all of Rome to come to the opening of the new Colosseum - his latest building project. He has scheduled 100 days of festivities for over 50,000 of his citizens. What does this suggest about the world of ancient Rome? (Picture of a very hot Mrs. Melda waiting to get into the Colosseum in 2010.)
The collapse of the Roman Empire in 476 C.E. marks the beginning of the period in Europe known as the Middle Ages. During this time period, a complex political and economic system developed that largely shaped people's lives. Called feudalism, it was the economic and political system that helped to establish order and security after the fall of Rome.