Space Robotics is a course designed around designing a moon rover. In this course, students learn to design for space conditions, and how to optimize for weigh while maintaining strength.
My first assigned project was to determine how many solar panel degrees of freedom were necessary to produce enough power for the rover mission. To do this, I programmed a MATLAB script to simulate power generation at any time step along the mission. This simulation went through two major iterations.
The first iteration was a baseline estimation. I created a program that estimates the power generation, assuming linked solar panels and optimizing solar panel angle using numerical gradient descent. We approximated the path of the rover as a circle of radius equal to the pit, and approximated stopping points as 15 equally spaced points around the path. The cell efficiency was estimated at 29.4%, which is approximately average cell efficiency.
The second iteration was a more concrete estimation. I decoupled the solar panels in simulation, allowing them to move independently. I also incorporated the actual path that was given to me by the software team, and estimated cell efficiency based on temperature of the solar panels. I also used the roll-pitch-yaw of the rover to apply angular constraints, and estimate rover speed.
My second task was to design the solar panel stowage and deployment. Based off of my earlier work, we determined that one degree of freedom was sufficient for our purposes, and therefore I was able to use a simple hinge mechanism to actuate the solar panels. Because our rover was designed to be a top-bolted rover, the solar panels are stowed with HDRMs that connect to five points along the solar panel to prevent excessive deformation during launch. We have two hinges, one passive and one active. the active hinge is designed to use the same stepper motor that actuates the rest of the equipment for consistency. In addition, the active hinge is designed such that it acts as a mechanical stop, preventing the solar panel from exceeding its angular limits and potentially hitting the moon surface.
As part of this project, I was required to communicate my progress in a meaningful way to the entire team, including people who did not have any experience with mechanical engineering. Therefore, I had to learn effective technical communication with an unskilled audience. I also had to write two technical reports summarizing and documenting the entirety of my work for the project.