Native Species

Horses were RE-INTRODUCED to North America by the Spanish explorers. As a true native species in North America, they rightfully belong in our wilderness ecosystems. Horses were already living in North America at the time of the Spanish arrival. Link to Article in Science (2023)

Ancient DNA found in soil samples gathered in North America - reveals mammoths and Yukon wild horses surviving thousands of years longer than believed as published in a new paper by the journal Nature Communications. The Horse is a Native Species

Rocky Mountain PBS Series Native Horses

... Beginning in the 1530’s and within the decades that followed, when subsequent expeditions to different regions within the Americas discovered horses and Native horse cultures, the new information was either discarded, or the assumption was made (for a variety of reasons) that “somehow” the horses were of European origin and had escaped from earlier explorers or expeditions. Due to the fact that a different reality had already been “written down and recorded” by those who were considered “reliable European sources,” and this version complimented the predominant Euro-centric view... The Relationship Between The People of the Americas and Their Horse

Centuries-old horse skeletons from the American Southwest are helping rewrite a colonial myth: When the Spanish colonized the region in the 17th century, they didn't introduce horses to Indigenous people, as long thought. Instead, horses were present in the Southwest long before Europeans, and were traded by Indigenous people who formed close, sacred relationships with them, a new study finds.

The Relationship Between The People of the Americas and Their Horse.pdf

Sir Francis Drake - 1579 was directed by British Queen to explore the 'New World'. His ship's log records the observation of herds of wild horses roaming the California Coast.

One possible conclusion:

.. the nonexistence of the horse in ancient America is concerned, the question has forever been set at rest by the discovery of the remains of this animal all over the land; and though Cortez and his followers saw none alive, yet Admiral Sir Francis Drake did see large bands of wild horses on the Oregon coast in 1579, far too early for any to have escaped from the Spaniards, grown wild, and traveled so vast a distance: (Reynolds and Sjodal, Commentary on the Book of Mormon, Vol. 6, p.236).There has been work performed at Gypsum Cave and other locations ‘where mammoth, mastodon, camel and horse with man, and there is a map showing twenty-three places where extinct animals have been associated with man in the United States.’ (M.R. Harrington, Gypsum Cave, Nevada, “Southwest Museum Papers.” Nol 8,37).

Horse Manure Exposed

a. The modern horse, scientifically known as Equus Caballus, evolved in North America 1.7-million years ago.

Sometime around 15-17 thousand years ago, some of the North American wild horses crossed the Aleutian land bridge and entered into Asia. And from there, populated into Europe and Africa over the next 12-thousand years, and were eventually domesticated in Asia, Mesopotamia, Africa and Europe. Prior to this time (17,000 years ago), no horses existed outside North America; this is a fact made clear by the fossil records and is settled science.

b. The modern horse (Equus Caballus) is by scientific definition a native species in North America; that is scientific fact.

c. The famous British Knight and world explorer Sir Francis Drake sailed up the west coast of America in 1580.

On that voyage, which was just 68-years after Christopher Columbus discovered America (October, 1492), Sir Francis Drake observed and noted in his ships log that there were a plethora of wild horses living among the indigenous peoples in Northern California and Southwestern Oregon (our backyard).

Of note is that in 1769, 189-years after observations of wild horses made Sir Francis Drake, it was then that the first Spanish parties set north from Baja California, and the line of Spanish settlement along the coast was inaugurated when soldiers and priests established a presidio and mission church at San Diego

Ships during the time of Columbus ranged in size from 50-feet to 70-feet in length. We know from the Spanish archival records (ship’s manifests) that each ship could only carry 12-17 horses hung in slings for the crossing over the Atlantic Ocean from Europe to America. Records show that about half the horses died on the voyage, meaning that only 6-7 horses were landed in America by each ship, and as prized transportation, were kept well secured and corralled. They were not let loose to run free.

Doing the basic math; we quickly see that over the 68-year-period between the first arrival of Columbus and the time of Sir Francis Drake’s observations of thousands of horses on the other side of America, 2,500 miles away and across mountain ranges, there is no arguable way that the scant few, corralled, horses landed by the first Spanish arrivals could have possibly bred into tens of thousands of horses, and then escaped and crossed a continent.

That is just nonsense.

The bottom line is that; when Columbus first arrived, there were already tens of thousands of wild horses in America.

The evidence of post Ice Age, pre-Columbian native species American wild horses is beyond any logical doubt:

This is an extracted quote from the dissertation by Dr. Yvette Running Horse Collin, titled;

The relationship between the indigenous peoples of the Americas and the horse: deconstructing a Eurocentric myth, which can be read in it’s entirety at the following URL:

https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/handle/11122/7592 – Page 39:

Existence of Wild Horses dating back 30,000 years

Confirmed by DNA research

Dr. Ross MscPhe Wild Horse DNA Presentation (2022)

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27439-6