Embedded Files
Sources:
Davies, John A., and Tom Williamson, eds. Land of the Iceni: The Iron Age in Northern East Anglia. Centre of East Anglian Studies, 1999.
Davies, John A. The Land of Boudica: Prehistoric and Roman Norfolk. Heritage Marketing & Publications, 2009.
Nash Briggs, Daphne. "The Language of Inscriptions on Icenian Coinage." In The Iron Age in Northern East Anglia: New Work in the Land of the Iceni, edited by John A. Davies, 83–102. Archaeopress, 2011.
Atlantic Religion. "The Icenii, 'Andraste' and 'Andate'." The Atlantic Religion (blog), 23 May 2014. https://atlanticreligion.com/2014/05/23/the-icenii-andraste-and-andate/.
Images Used:
Ptolemy
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PSM_V78_D326_Ptolemy.png
Ptolemy’s Map
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ptolemys_Map_of_the_British_Isles.png
Caesar's first invasion of Britain, Lithograph by W. Linnell
Seahenge
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Seahenge.jpg
Iceni plate brooch
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iceni_plate_brooch.jpg
Maiden Castle, Dorset, one of the largest Iron Age Hillforts in Britain
Marble bust of the Emperor Claudius
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Claudius_crop.jpg
Boadicea and Her Daughters, sculpted by Thomas Thornycroft, and erected in 1902
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boudica_statue,_Westminster_(8433726848).jpg
Icenian silver coins
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Iron_Age_coin_,_Icenian_silver_unit_%28FindID_646126%29.jpg
Relief showing the rebellion of the Belgic leader Ambiorix, Provincial palace of Liège
Statue of Julius Caesar, Via dei Fori Imperiali, Rome
Roman slave shackles, found in Hampshire
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_slave_shackles.jpg
Antlered figure on the Gundestrup Cauldron, which may depict the Celtic god Cernunnos
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gundestrupkedlen-_00054_(cropped).jpg
The Roman attack on Anglesey, John Harris Valda, 1915
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:John_Harris_Valda_-_The_Roman_attack_on_Anglesey.jpg
Druids Inciting the Britons to Oppose the Landing of the Romans, Cassell's History of England, Vol. I
The ‘Great Torc’ from the Snettisham hoard, buried around 100 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Britishmuseumsnettishamgreattorc.jpg
Depiction of Epona, a pan Celtic goddess associated with horses, 200 AD
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Epona.jpg
Pytheas of Massalia, Auguste Ottin, 19th cen.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pytheas
Model of Roman London, photographed by Matt Brown
https://www.flickr.com/photos/londonmatt/6766182715
Boadicea Shows the marks of the Roman Rods, W. Parkinson, 1893
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Boadicea_Shows_the_marks_of_the_Roman_Rods.jpg
Boadicea the British Queen, William Sharp, 1812
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boudicca-or-Boadicea.jpg
Roman Temple in Vic, Catalonia, Spain. The temple at Colchester was ‘Octastyle’ and had 8 columns along its front
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_temple_in_Vic_(3).jpg
Statue of Gaius Suetonius Paulinus
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_baths_suetonius_paulinus_02.JPG
Boadicea, leader of the rebellion against the Romans,
Boudica
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frontispiece-Boudica.jpg
Bronze head of Nero, 54-61 AD
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bronze_Head_of_Nero_(51220993066).jpg
Queen Boudica, of the ancient British Iceni tribe, Albert Kretschmer, 1864
Red deer stag, Glen Torridon, Mehmet Karatay
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red_deer_stag.jpg
Edge of Thetford Forest, Norfolk
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edge_of_Thetford_Forest_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1025834.jpg
Statue of Publius Ostorius Scapula, Bath, England
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman_baths_ostorius_01.JPG
Ancient Britons oppose the Roman landings, Joseph Martin Kronheim, 1868
Caesar crossing the Rubicon
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caesar-ueberschreitet-den-rubikon.jpg
Relief of Praetorians from the Arch of Claudius. The arch itself has not survived.
Boudicea haranguing the Britons, from ‘The History of England in Three Volumes’, 1860
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boadicea_haranguing2.png
Pillards gaulois, Évariste Vital Luminais
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%C3%89variste-Vital_Luminais_-_Pillards_gaulois.jpg
The Kirkburn Sword, 250-160 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kirkburn_Sword_2010-08-01.jpg
A Pict depicted in John Cassell's Illustrated History of England, 1857
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Caledonian-pict.jpg
The highly decorative ‘Battersea Shield’, made of bronze and dated to 350-50 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:British_Museum_Battersea_Shield.jpg
The ‘Waterloo Helmet’, 150-50 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Britishmuseumwaterloohelmet.jpg
Artist’s depiction of an Iron Age Celtic Chariot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CelticChariot.jpg
Chariot Race, Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1876
Iceni Iron Age golden stater
Vercingetorix throws down his arms at the feet of Julius Caesar, Lionel Royer, 1899
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Siege-alesia-vercingetorix-jules-cesar.jpg
Druids in a grove, from Pictures of English History: From the Earliest Times to the Present Period
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pictures_of_English_History_-_Plates_I_to_IV.jpg
The work of the Women's Land Army in the Reclamation of Fen Land, Cambridgeshire, England, 1942
Grimes Graves
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dusk_on_Grimes_Graves_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2291231.jpg
Bronze statue of Boudica, John Thomas, 1855
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boadicea,_Brecon,_by_John_Thomas.jpg
Boadicea Haranguing the Britons, John Opie, 1793
Icenian gold staters
Hereward the Wake fighting Normans, John Cassell, 1865
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:097-Hereward_fighting_Normans.png
Bust of Julius Caesar
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Retrato_de_Julio_C%C3%A9sar_(26724093101)_(cropped).jpg
Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta)
Reconstruction of a celtic iron age roundhouse
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Celtic-roundhouse-1994.jpg
Boadicea’s attack upon Camulodunum in 60 AD, Henry A. Payne, 1922
The modern remnants of Venta Icenorum
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venta_Icenorum_-_north_wall_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1352716.jpg
Boadicea haranguing the Iceni, Henry Courtney Selous, 1847
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Boadicea_haranguing_the_Iceni._(BM_1854,1211.141).jpg
Saint Guthlac tormented by demons, The Guthlac Roll, 1210
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Guthlac-Bartholemew.png
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