Embedded Files
Sources:
Deligiannis, Periklis. "Etruscan Warfare: Army Organization, Tactics, and Other Military Features". 2006. https://www.academia.edu/19510594/ETRUSCAN_WARFARE_ARMY_ORGANIZATION_TACTICS_AND_OTHER_MILITARY_FEATURES
Haynes, Sybille. Etruscan Civilization: a Cultural History. Michigan, 2000.
Shipley, Lucy. The Etruscans: Lost Civilizations. 2017.
Images Used:
Livy
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Titus-Livius-Austrian-Parliament-Building.jpg
Servius the Grammarian
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Servius.jpg
Greek theatre of Taormina, Sicily
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taormina_BW_2012-10-05_16-23-06.JPG
Greek marble relief depicting a deified hero, 300 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hero_offering.jpg
Black figure lekythos, depicting Achilles dragging the body of Hector, circa 490 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Akhilleus_Hektor_Louvre_CA601.jpg
Bronze Villanovan helmet, 12 cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bronze_crested_helmet_MET_DP251326.jpg
Cypresses on the gentle hills of San Quirico, Carlo cattaneo fotografie
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:I_cipressi_della_Val_D%27Orcia.jpg
Monte Cimone
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MonteCimone1.jpg
Augustus of Prima Porta
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Augustus_of_Prima_Porta_(inv._2290).jpg
Monteleone Chariot, 6th cen. BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bronze_chariot_inlaid_with_ivory_MET_DP137936.jpg
Etruscan mural of Typhon
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_mural_typhon2.jpg
Chimera of Arezzo, 400 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chimera_d%27arezzo,_fi,_04.JPG
Villanovan house-shaped urn, 8th century BC
Villanovan bronze bucket, 8th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249233
Terracotta urn in the shape of a hut, Villanovan, 8th cen. BC
Tablet of Marsiliana, 7th cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tavoletta_di_Marsiliana.jpg
Terracotta vase in the shape of a cockerel, 7th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/251482
Sandstone relief depicting a teacher and pupils, 180-185 AD
Roman flamines (priests), relief from the west side of the Ara Pacis in Rome
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ara_pacis_fregio_lato_ovest_2_A.JPG
The Cippus Perusinus, 3rd or 2nd cen. BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_language
The Battle of Salamis, Wilhelm von Kaulbach, 1868
Terracotta Head, 3rd-2nd cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Terracotta_head_of_a_youth_MET_DP254649.jpg
Downfall of the Roman gens Fabia at the Battle of the Cremera 477 BC, Heinrich Leutemann, 1880
Samnite soldiers depicted on a tomb frieze in Nola, 4th cen. BC
The Orator, an Etruscan statue depicting a senator or high ranking magistrate, 110-90 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arringatore.jpg
A Roman Farm, John Williamson, 1913
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A-roman-farm.png
The Gracchi (Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus), Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume, 19th century
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eugene_Guillaume_-_the_Gracchi.jpg
Etruscan votive head, 325-275 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:-00836201_Etruscan_Female_Votive_Head_IV-III_cen._BC.jpg
Etruscan tomb painting depicting musicians and dancers, Tarquinia, circa 500 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_Painting_1.jpg
Bronze statuette of a warrior, Populonia, 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/255366
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246433
Bronze sculpture of two warriors from a candelabrum, 480-470 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/254576
Servius Tullius, Guillaume Rouille, 16th century
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Servius_by_Rouille.jpg
Bronze shield, Vulci, 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/257706
Bronze shield boss, 7th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/248656
Bronze helmet with cheek guards, mid-4th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/248011
Decorated Etruscan helmet, discovered in a grave at Lanuvium, circa 475 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_helmet_Tomb_of_the_Warrior,_Lanuvium.jpg
Cinerary urn, with lid in the shape of a decorative helm, mid-8th cen. BC
Bronze greaves, 4th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247112
Bronze cuirass, 5th-4th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249094
Bronze spearhead, Vulci, 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/251117
Replica of Etruscan sword, Athens war museum
Late Villanovan horse bit, 725-700 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/255590
Macedonian phalanx at the Battle of the Carts
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Macedonian_Phalanx_at_the_Battle_of_the_Carts.jpg
Decoration from a Greek terracotta drinking cup depicting a warrior playing the salpinx, circa 500 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Terracotta_kylix_(drinking_cup)_MET_DT5482.jpg
The Lenormant Trireme Relief, depicting Greek trireme rowers, 410-400 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ACMA_Relief_Lenormant.jpg
Inscribed terracotta alabastron (perfume vase), circa 600 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/252558
Coin from Populonia, featuring a head of Menrva, 3rd cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Populonia_AR_20_BMC_74000021.jpg
Statue of a winged lion, sculpted of nenfro, Vulci, circa 550 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/255059
Terracotta cup featuring a sphinx, Greek, mid-6th cen BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247100
Terracotta amphora produced by Greek craftsmen in Campania, 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247214
Terracotta Oinochoe, the Micali painter, 525-500 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247212
Krater depicting Athena and Poseidon, Nazzano painter, 360 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Athena_Poseidon_Louvre_CA7426.jpg
Terracotta Kantharos, 650-600 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/251125
Terracotta Kyathos, 650 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246144
Bucchero trefoil oinochoe, 625-600 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/251131
Amphora with spiral design, Cerveteri, 675-650 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246603
Terracotta chalice, 575-550 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249106
Bucchero focolare (offering tray), 550-500 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246209
Tomb of the Leopards, 480-450 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Monterozzi_necropolis_%E2%80%94_Tomb_of_the_Leopards.jpg
Tomb of the Augurs, circa 530 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tomba_degli_Auguri.jpg
Terracotta statue of a young woman, late 4th - early 3rd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249091
Bronze statuette of a solar deity, 3rd-2nd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249096
The Capitoline Wolf, 5th cen. BC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lupa_Capitolina,_Rome.jpg
Sarcophagus of the Spouses, late 6th cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sarcophagus_of_the_Spouses_from_Villa_Giulia_in_Rome.jpg
Cinerary urn, 3rd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246658
Terracotta antefix with head of a satyr, 4th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246655
Architectural plaque with lotus and palmette designs, 4th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246553
Terracotta head of Tin, 300-250 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tinia_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_M%C3%BCnchen_2013.jpg
Bust of Uni, circa 380 BC
Liver of Piacenza, 2nd cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Foie_de_Plaisance.jpg
Statuette of a satyr and a maenad, 510-480 BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/248674
Votive statuette of two draped females, 4th-3rd BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/250577
Etruscan goddess Catha, who may be linked to the Greek Persephone, 4th cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_terra_cotta_head_of_either_Catha_or_Leucothea.jpg
Roman Lar, 1st cen. AD
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lar_romano_de_bronce_(M.A.N._Inv.2943)_01.jpg
Vanth depicted on a wall fresco, Tarquinia
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vanth.jpg
Alabaster cinerary urn, with a depiction of a Vanth on the right hand side, 3rd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246269
Bronze statuette of a priest, 3rd-2nd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249095
Bronze statuette of a satyr playing the pan pipes while reclining on a wineskin, late 6th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/255378
Statuette of a young woman, 6th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/249222
Cinerary urn, 2nd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246265
Statuette of a richly dressed woman holding a pomegranate, a symbol of fertility, 4th-3rd cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/255190
Statue of a priest, 2nd cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_-_Priest_-_Walters_541088.jpg
Bronze oinochoe, late 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/254510
Etruscan temple at Tarquinia, apparent scene of the Tages fable
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tarquinia_-_Ara_della_Regina.jpg
Haruspex consulting a liver, depicted on an Etruscan mirror
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bronze_Mirror_from_Tuscania.jpg
Tullia Drives over the Corpse of her Father, Jean Bardin, 1765
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bardin_Tullia.jpg
Bronze plaque of a woman, 6th-5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/246392
Etruscan mother and child, 500-450 BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Etruscan_mother_and_child_500_to_450_BCE.jpg
Greek vase depicting preparations for a wedding, 5th cen. BC
Terracotta Amphora, 5th cen. BC
https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/247216
Marble relief depicting the manumission of slaves, 1st cen. BC
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mariemont_manumission_relief_02.JPG
Tarquinius Superbus, depicting the final Etruscan king of Rome, Tarquin the Proud, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, 186
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lawrence_Alma-Tadema_11.jpeg
Ruins of the Temple at Veii
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tempio_di_veio.JPG
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