Embedded Files
07. Motion sensor
07. Motion sensor
This digital input example uses a motion sensor to turn on a LED every time it detects a movement.
The motion sensor detects the movement of people in a certain area and is realized with a PIR (Passive InfraRed). Two separate sensors independently measure the amount of infrared radiation emitted by your body. If the two measurements are different the movement of your body is deduced (Figure 1).
Figure 1 - motion detection
Figure 1 - motion detection
Control functions
Control functions
- Output timing
Sets how long the output remains high after detecting motion (from 5 seconds to 5 minutes)
- Sensitivity Adjust
Sets the detection range (from 3 meters to 7 meters)
- Trigger Selection (with welding or jumper)
Set for single (No reset) or repeatable triggers (Auto-reset).
Figure 2 - PIR pinout
Figure 2 - PIR pinout
Pinout
Pinout
The sensor has 3 PINs (Figure 2):
- Vcc 5-20V
- OUT output signal (3.3V TTL); high when motion is detected
- GND Ground.
Area of detection
Area of detection
The sensor will detect motion inside a 110 degree cone with a range of 3 to 7 meters (Figure 3).
Figure 3 - detection area
Figure 3 - detection area
Device Initialization
Device Initialization
The sensor requires nearly a minute to initialize. During this period, it can and often will output false detection signals. Circuit or controller logic needs to take this initialization period into consideration.
1. Circuit
1. Circuit
Connect the Pir and the led as shown in Figure 4:
- led positive PIN to d7
- led negative PIN to d8
- Pir GND PIN to GND
- Pir data PIN to D3
- Pir Vcc PIN to 5V.
Note: the longer LED PIN is the positive.
Figure 4 - motion sensor circuit
Figure 4 - motion sensor circuit
2. Sketch
2. Sketch
Write a sketch K to define:
- the output connections: led :: d7, gnd :: d8
- the input connections: Pir :: D3
- the command to start and stop the system: start, stop
- the rules to implement the automaton (Figure 5).
When the automa has 2 states use led as a status variable.
Pir :: D3 gnd :: d8led :: d7 EndMotion = !Pir Motion = Pir start=[gnd=0,led=0]stop = [led=0] !led & Motion -> led=1 ## led & EndMotion -> led=0 ##or simply load the sketch in the workspace with the command
] load e07_motion_sensor
Figure 5 - motion sensor automaton
Figure 5 - motion sensor automaton
3. Try and learn
3. Try and learn
Initialize the system with the command
] start
the LED is off.
Move in front of the PIR!
< Motion
the LED turns on and the Motion event is sent to the Internet
Do not move in front of the PIR!
< EndMotion
the LED turns off and the EndMotion event is sent to the Internet
Try the following commands now:
] stop
turns off the LED and the PIR is insensitive to movement!
] start
reestablish motion detection
] pause
suspends motion detection.
Do you notice a difference with the stop command?
What is the command to resume motion detection?
4. Summarizing
4. Summarizing
In this lesson you learned or repeated:
- how to use a PIR and a LED
- the commands: start, stop, pause (and play), ##
- use led as a status variable.
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