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The full methodology and a full list of experts involved are in the Global Manual on SDG 14.1.1, 14.2.1 and 14.5.1. Methods were developed through pilot testing in Colombia and Fiji and online consultation and an international expert group meeting in Paris.
FDES (Framework for the development of Environment Statistics) topic 1.2.2 on Ecosystems and biodiversity
SEEA (System of Economic Environmental Accounts) framework for ocean accounts (under development). (Contact Alessandra Alferi from UNSD on the SEEA.)
Regional Seas Programme indicators: 21 Critical areas under protection (A more complete review of the SDGs and Regional Seas indicators is here.) (Contact Nancy Soi the Regional Seas coordinator for more information on the Regional Seas.)
Aichi Target 11: By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and seascapes.
Marine protected areas
Marine protected areas
The protection of marine areas is essential for protecting the oceans biodiversity and natural resources. The importance of protection was recognized in the MDGs and has been recognised in the SDGs. The measurement of marine protected areas is well established and maintained by UNEP-WCMC with IUCN and BirdLife under the Protected Planet World Database on Protected Areas. These data are largely curated by relevant Ministries (e.g. of the Environment) or National Park Agencies. The national data are reported by the relevant authorities to the World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA).
Contact: WCMC: Edward Lewis; UNEP; Dany Ghafari
Broader measures of conservation
Broader measures of conservation
Monitoring ecological parameters in addition to ecosystem-based management or protected areas is useful to inform the effectiveness of management practices. Understanding the state of biodiversity, water quality, habitat quality, ecosystem health and other ecological parameters can reveal disturbances in ocean health that may have otherwise been overlooked. These disturbances can then be addressed in future management and planning. An additional tool for national planning for oceans includes ocean accounting.
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