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Materials needed to make paper clocks:
- Paper Plate
- Permanent Marker
- Brad
- Arrows (Two sizes)
- Hole Punch
To make the clock, cut out a small arrow and a large arrow and use the hole punch make a hole on the square end of the arrow. Next, punch a hole in the center of the paper plate. Put the brad through the two arrows and the center of the paper plate and unfold the ends to affix it to the paper plate. Finally, use the magic marker to write the numbers 1-12 on the perimeter of the plate.
If time permits, students can make their own clocks or you can have them pre-assembled and ready for class. Many students are not used to looking at analog clocks and telling time. This can be very challenging. Ask if anyone knows what the arrows are called. They are called the hands. Ask what the flat part of the plate is called. This is the face of the clock. The numbers represent both hours and (when multiplied by 5) the minutes. The large arrow (hand) is the minute hand. Students can remember this by remembering that the big hand goes with the big word (minute has more letters than hour) and the big numbers (1-60). The small arrow (hand) is the hour hand. There are twelve hours on the clock face but 24 hours in a day. Explain the difference between AM and PM. The clock doesn't tell if it is morning or night.
Practice counting by 5s around the clock to show how the minutes are calculated. When the big hand points at 8, that means 40 minutes. When the little hand points at 8 that means 8 o'clock.
Give the kids a certain time and have them set their clocks to it. 1:15, 7:45, 3:20 etc. If time permits you can explain that between each two numbers there are 4 little hash marks to represent the extra minutes. Students can draw those lines into their clocks and they can set their clocks to times you give such as 4:33 or 6:54 etc.
Have them find a partner and practice with each other. One student gives a time (9:40) and the other student sets the clock to reflect that time.
Ask students, "What does half past mean" Answer :30 How about, "Quarter til?" Answer :45. Explain how the clock is divided into four equal parts. Vertically from 12 - 6 and horizontally from 9 - 3. Each section is a "quarter". There is quarter past (minute hand points to the 3) and quarter til (minute hand points to the 9) and half past (minute hand points to the 6).
CHALLENGE:
CHALLENGE:
For an additional challenge, teach the children military time. Military time does not use the standard clock but, instead uses a 24 hour clock. This eliminates using AM and PM to indicate morning or night. Ask students, "What does o eight hundred hours mean in military time?" Answer: 8 o'clock in the morning (8:00 am). Ask, "what does twenty three hundred hours mean in military time?" Answer: 11 o'clock at night (11:00 pm). Have them figure out all the hours in between.
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