Gymnospora senegalensis

HABIT: Gymnosporia senegalensis, is a shrub or small tree characterized by its bushy habit. It typically grows to a height of 2-6 meters, occasionally reaching up to 10 meters. The plant has numerous slender branches covered in sharp thorns or spines, giving it a formidable appearance. Its small, oval-shaped leaves are glossy dark green, and the plant produces clusters of small, inconspicuous white or pale yellow flowers. Gymnosporia senegalensis bears round to oval fruits that start off green and mature into yellow or red. With its distinctive thorny branches, glossy leaves, and colorful fruits, Gymnosporia senegalensis showcases a unique habit in its natural environment.

CONSERVATION STATUS: Least Concern. 

MEDICINAL USES: The root bark of Gymnosporia senegalensis, also known as Maytenus senegalensis, is utilized in traditional medicine to address infectious and inflammatory conditions. It has been studied for its potential effects on nociception (pain perception), edema (swelling), and malarial infection. Gymnosporia senegalensis is a commonly employed medicinal plant known for its therapeutic properties in treating various infectious and inflammatory ailments (Ndako, M., Jigam, A. A., Kabiru, A. Y., Umar, S. I., & Lawal, B. (2021). Polar extracts from Gymnosporia senegalensis (syn. Maytenus senegalensis) root bark, its effects on nociception, edema, and malarial infection. Phytomedicine Plus, 1(4), 100113.).

ETHNOBOTANICAL USES: Gymnosporia senegalensis, is a plant with significant cultural and ethnobotanical value among various African tribal communities. It is employed for medicinal purposes, treating ailments like stomachaches, respiratory infections, and snakebites. Additionally, the fruits of this plant are consumed as food, and its leaves, roots, or bark are utilized in spiritual rituals and ceremonies. Specific practices and uses may vary among different tribes, such as the Fulani, Hausa, Zulu, and Tuareg peoples, highlighting the rich cultural diversity surrounding Gymnosporia senegalensis.