A invenção do Telégrafo

Patentes:

1. US1647. IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF COMMUNICATING INFORMATION BY SIGNALS BY THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRO-MAGNETISM. (June 1840). SAMUEL E. B. MORSE. https://patents.google.com/patent/US1647A/en?oq=us1647

2. US4453. IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS. (Abr. 1846). SAMUEL E. B. MORSE. https://patents.google.com/patent/US4453A/en?oq=us4453

Sites, artigos e livros:

1. Piercy, Willis Duff. Great Inventions and Discoveries. [New York, Charles E. Merrill company, 1911] Pdf. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/item/11016967/

2. Forman, Samuel Eagle. Stories of Useful Inventions. New York, The Century co, 1914. Pdf. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, www.loc.gov/item/15001523/

3. Macomber, H. E. (1897)...Stories of great inventors: Fulton, Whitney, Morse, Cooper, Edison. [Boston, New York etc. Educational publishing company] [Pdf] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/04017685/

4. Bellis, Mary. "Samuel Morse and the Invention of the Telegraph." ThoughtCo, Apr. 5, 2023, https://www.thoughtco.com/communication-revolution-telegraph-1991939

5. Mabee, Carleton. "Samuel F.B. Morse". Encyclopedia Britannica, 13 Jun. 2023, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Samuel-F-B-Morse.

6. Timmons, Greg. Samuel F. B. Morse. Biography, Sep. 11, 2019. https://www.biography.com/inventors/samuel-morse

7. Trainor, Sean. What the Digital Age Owes to the Inventor of Morse Code. Time, Apr 27, 2016. https://time.com/4307892/samuel-morse-telegraph-history/

Consultas realizadas na wikipedia, com muito bom senso é claro:

1. Telegraphy: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphy

2. Electrical telegraph: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_telegraph#Morse_system

• Entre tantas outras pesquisas que não lembrei de anotar aqui. Acredito que com estas referências, já consigo dar uma direcionada em quem tiver interesse de pesquisar sobre o tema.

• Algumas imagens (desenhos) são feitas com IA e estão identificadas na tela com a mensagem “representação artística”. 

• A maioria das imagens e vídeos estão em domínio público, são autorais de Invenções na História ou são cortesia de:

1. Met Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Museums Victoria, Järnvägsmuseet, Library of Congress, Pexels, Europeana.

2. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. Currier & Ives. (1875) Broadway, New York: From the western union telegraph building looking north. 1875. [New York: Currier & Ives] [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/90713006/.

3. [Crédito: Järnvägsmuseet/Europeana]. Telegrafexpeditionen by Fotograf okänd, - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKACA00092

4. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. Samuel F. B. Morse, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing right. , ca. 1845. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2004664459/

5. [Crédito: Morris K. Jesup Fund/Met Museum]. Mrs. Daniel DeSaussure Bacot. Samuel F. B. Morse. Morris K. Jesup Fund. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Public Domain. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11604

6. [Crédito: Bequest of Herbert L. Pratt./Met Museum]. Susan Walker Morse (The Muse). Samuel F. B. Morse. Bequest of Herbert L. Pratt. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Public Domain. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/11605

7. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. N. Currier. (ca. 1852) U.S.M. steam ship Baltic, Collins Line. Builders: hull by Brown & Bell N.Y.; engines by Allaire Works N.Y. ca. 1852. New York: Lith. & Pub. by N. Currier, 152 Nassau St. Cor. of Spruce. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2002698104/

8. [Crédito: Smithsonian Institution Archives]. Smithsonian Institution Archives, Record Unit 95, Box 27B, Image No. SIA_000095_B27B_158. CC0.https://www.si.edu/object/portrait-joseph-henry-1797-1878:siris_arc_403851

9. [Crédito: Wellcome Collection]. Credit: Morse. Experiments in telegraphic transmission. Wellcome Collection. License: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

10. [Crédito: Järnvägsmuseet]. En komplett telegrafanläggning i det då planerade TGOJ museet i Skogstorps stationshus. por Bergström, Rolf - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKDAM00887

11. [Crédito: Smithsonian]. Morse-Vail Telegraph Key 3D model. Creative Commons Zero (CC0) license.  Smithsonian Institution. https://www.si.edu/object/3d/morse-vail-telegraph-key:ed99f44d-3c60-4111-b666-e2908e1b64ef

12. [Crédito: David Thompson/Museums Victoria]. Telegraph Register - Embossing, 19th Century. Photographer: David Thompson. Copyright Museums Victoria / CC BY (Licensed as Attribution 4.0 International). https://collections.museumsvictoria.com.au/items/409575

13. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. Currier & Ives, P. & Parsons, C. R. (ca. 1880) The City of Washington birds-eye view from the Potomac-looking north / drawn by C.R. Parsons. Washington D.C. United States District of Columbia Washington, ca. 1880. New York: Published by Currier & Ives. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/90716011/

14. [Crédito: Nilsson, Emil/Järnvägsmuseet]. Telegraf by E Deschiens - Järnvägsmuseet, Sweden - CC BY-SA. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_object_Jvm00375_1, https://digitaltmuseum.se/021027846666/telegraf

15. [Crédito: Museums Victoria]. Telegraph Sounder - circa 1860s. Copyright Museums Victoria / CC BY (Licensed as Attribution 4.0 International). https://collections.museumsvictoria.com.au/items/1145392

16. [Crédito: Järnvägsmuseet]. Telegraf och tågexpedition Almedal 1922 por Fotograf okänd, - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKDCA00502, https://digitaltmuseum.se/021018187103/telegraf-och-tagexpedition-almedal-1922

17. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. Currier & Ives. (ca. 1876) The Progress of the Century - The Lightning Steam Press, the Electric Telegraph, the Locomotive, and the Steamboat. ca. 1876. New York: Published by Currier & Ives. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/90716345/

18. [Crédito: Järnvägsmuseet]. Telegrafexpeditionen i Karlshamn. by Fotograf okänd, - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKBDB04326, https://digitaltmuseum.se/021018059883/telegrafexpeditionen-i-karlshamn

19. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. Samuel F.B. Morse. None. [Between 1855 and 1865] [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2017895541/.

20. [Crédito: okänd/Järnvägsmuseet]. Statisten "hunden Jack" som telegrafist by Fotograf okänd, - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKDAA10829

21. [Crédito: U.S. Air Force]. U.S. Air Force by Airman 1st Class Robyn Hunsinger. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/6123932/316th-trs-hosts-inaugural-language-fair

22. [Crédito: okänd/Järnvägsmuseet]. Telegrafexpeditionen by Fotograf okänd, - Swedish Railway Museum, Sweden - Public Domain. https://www.europeana.eu/item/154/S_JVM_photo_JvmKACA00089, https://digitaltmuseum.se/021018033908/telegrafexpeditionen

23. [Crédito: Library of Congress]. The world's railroad scene / Swain & Lewis, des. & lith. 103 State, Chicago. Illinois, ca. 1882. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/2008677250/

Vídeos utilizados:

24. [Crédito: Kelly/Pexels]. Vídeo de Kelly no Pexels: https://www.pexels.com/pt-br/video/cores-do-outono-cores-de-outono-dia-diurno-5702030/