Not sponsored. This work is not being done for contract or other compensation.

I went to Washington D.C. to see my father while he was in town for his conference.

Updated 4/25/2026: Updated title to preserve date, activity nomenclature.

Today's reading is The Planetary Report March 2026 and IEEE January 2026 Articles. Inquiries from this involve whether or not the leveraged libraries are proprietary, open for use, or otherwise not available. Other items include further refining parts of comets. Science Notes provides a very clear definition labelling for parts of comets to compliment the article.

Sources:

IEEE. 2025. "2025 IEEE International Radar Conference Student Paper Competition." https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11162602.

Science Notes. 2022. "Parts of a Comet." https://sciencenotes.org/parts-of-a-comet/.

The Planetary Report. 2026. "Messengers of Ice and Time." https://www.planetary.org/articles/messengers-of-ice-and-time.

Image Credit: Times, 2026.

Is HTML 5 and CSS 3 still the standard?

Job search activities include (but not limited to):
-Upskilling
-Looking at skills required and evaluating how my skills compare
-Independent projects to prove skills
-Networking
-Learning new software and hardware

Resources:

Frozen Pennies. 2026. "44 Places to Get a Free Non-Resident Library Card (to Use with Your Kindle)." https://frozenpennies.com/free-non-resident-library-card-to-use/.

JustGoneWandering. 2025. "Where to Get Non-Resident Library Cards (2025)." https://justgonewandering.com/libraries-for-nomads-non-resident-library-cards/.

"I am down-grading myself to crack pot status, as there were no paid positions for engineers."

Scrolling through LinkedIn, one of my Australian mutual acquaintances posted a question that I would like to elaborate on for new career people.

Question:
"1. Grid (Power Systems) — power plants, transmission, substations
2. Industry (Energy Systems) — factories, motors, solar + batteries
3. Power (Power Electronics) — converters, inverters, chargers
4. Circuits (Electronics) — PCBs, analog/digital circuits
5. Embedded (HW + SW) — microcontrollers, firmware
6. Systems (Low-level CS) — OS, drivers, distributed systems
7. Software (Apps / Backend) — web, mobile, APIs
8. Data & AI — machine learning, AI systems
9. Chips (Semiconductors / VLSI) — CPU/GPU design
10. Physics (Device level) — transistors, electron behavior
Which layer most potential?"

Response Posted:
"Out of curiosity, how do you mean? Do you mean for employment?
If so, it depends on what your area needs.
Industrial Energy says to me developing area or high levels of growth within a geographic area (replacing old or aging architecture).
Power Electronics means new development of systems (new company) or replacing power systems - a favorite of mine I like to revisit for an example of engineering retrofits is the redesign of the Prius from the Generation 2 to Generation 3 models, even though the defect was a mechanical issue with the head gasket.
Software apps are often heavy on the developer prior to launch and rely on data selling. If you are developing in a company, there are often backbones for you to rely on. Very few companies exist solely to create apps.
Physics indicates to me research laboratory, meaning governmental work or high caliber Research and Design positions in corporate settings (often times persons are groomed for these positions prior to hire - at least in the United States)."

Elaboration on the Earlier Response:
1. Industrial Energy says to me developing area or high levels of growth within a geographic area (replacing old or aging architecture).
2. Industry indicates mobile applications, FEMA, and commercial systems.
3. Power Electronics means new development of systems (new company) or replacing power systems - a favorite of mine I like to revisit for an example of engineering retrofits is the redesign of the Prius from the Generation 2 to Generation 3 models, even though the defect was a mechanical issue with the head gasket.
4.  Circuits, read up on your standards, and large amounts of testing.
5.  Embedded, learning different manufacturer's embedded systems and methods of coding. Coding rules can tend to stay the same between systems, and system architecture tends to vary by IP provider.
6. Systems, timing and kernals, hand in hand with embedded systems.
7. Software apps are often heavy on the developer prior to launch and rely on data selling. If you are developing in a company, there are often backbones for you to rely on. Very few companies exist solely to create apps.
8. Data & AI  can go hand in hand with app development. Leveraging other people's coding systems  can be interesting, study up on safe coding practices.
9. Chips (Semiconductors/VLSI) is more leveraged by larger corporations due to the price of the equipment involved. No one has a wafer fab in their garage yet. (Either that or they have a very large garage.) Accessibility is interesting with this career as proximity is required to do consistently well.
10. Physics indicates to me research laboratory, meaning governmental work or high caliber Research and Design positions in corporate settings (often times persons are groomed for these positions prior to hire - at least in the United States).

Engineering Practice

1. A component engineer looks ahead in the market to see new trends for parts, combines their understanding of their mission such that they evaluate new parts for applicability to their program's technical requirements. Upon evaluation, discusses with relevant contractually obligated teams (including funding personnel, program head offices, technology teams, requirement contracting officers, and others). A component engineer either delegates legal requirements or signs off on Quality Conformance Inspections for received parts. Component Engineers interact dynamically with their organization to create Purchase Orders (POs) for new parts, and comments upon old parts.

2. Commercial parts can be qualified to space grade depending upon contract with customer, or leveraged with engineering team sign off. There are several avenues for this, though it is best to collaborate with the Defense Logistics Acquisition Agency (DLA) to create a Military Standard Specification sheet for parts on government contracts. For government contracts there are often stipulations requiring supplier visits, common clauses within documents such as MIL-PRF-19500, MIL-PRF-38534, and MIL-PRF-38535.

3. I have maintained a list of approved suppliers within the industry to certain requirements. Proactively having back up parts on your Bill of Materials (BOM) is an asset to your organization and I continually maintain these in my side projects. In addition to having a catalogue and stores of listed parts in excess of what the program needs at the time, it is best to maintain best business practices with your suppliers and customers, continually advocate for your projects, and complete due diligence in accordance with your customer wishes to maintain a positive relationship in the field.

4. A time when parts failed testing (without revealing detailed program specifics) has been on program A with Supplier A. Supplier A's parts were a big investment for the program, a program investigation ensued to recover the parts. My actions were to collaborate in a 20+ person team with the investigation, recover data from the original manufacturer, and to coordinate with procurement with Supplier B for replacement parts. Spearheading the actions with Supplier B together with Senior Engineer, Procurement, Program Manager, and Technology Investigation Teams, we were able to coordinate both the procurement of new parts and understand why the part at Supplier A failed. Upon receipt of new parts, it was determined that a new specification internally would be made, and the new parts would be accepted underneath the new contract due to data, 20+ person team buy in (including, but not limited to Program Manager, Technology Teams, Component Engineering, Procurement, Design Engineers, and Customer).

5. Due to flow down from the DLA, there was information Part Family A was being discontinued for production and the facility was no longer going to continue manufacturing under DLA supervision. Immediate actions include informing Parts Control Group and other relevant parties. Funding was not available for finding part replacements or to continue investigation into enterprise usage of parts. I worked on my own my time outside to view impact of the Part Family A's absence from the industry on our product from our Bill of Materials. There was no funding to continue the investigation and the parts remain to my knowledge unreplaced. It is in unknown if these were heritage parts that had already been replaced within our catalogue and had simply not been removed from our heritage system enterprise wide. Going forward, I would ask the primary handlers of the Bill of Materials (BOMs) whether funding needs to be made available to replace the parts, or if the parts were no longer needed and had already been replaced in our catalogue and BOMs.

Updated: 4/25/2026, changed title of post for accessibility.

Prelude:
Please perform your own work. My posting this blog post does not constitute permission to flagrantly disregard the law. Different jurisdictions have different requirements, look up your jurisdictions requirements.

Background:
Washington State Requirements. https://www.uscisguide.com/state-regulations-and-laws/professional-engineer-pe-license-requirements-in-washington/.

https://www.stateregstoday.com/business/engineer-license-in-washington.

https://wa-law.org/rcw/18_businesses_and_professions/18.043_engineers_and_land_surveyors.html.

https://app.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?dispo=true&cite=296-46B&full=true.

https://app.leg.wa.gov/WAC/default.aspx?cite=296.

California Requirements - https://bpelsg.ca.gov/applicants/appintrope.shtml. https://www.bpelsg.ca.gov/applicants/applying_for_pe.shtml.

Note to self: Log improper references later.

Post:
New fresh hell. I have been studying for the FE Exam. Massachusetts requires a different type of licensure to be an engineer.....

Alright, I will study for the new exam as well. I wish I had known prior to moving, and the more you know. A large amount of Professional Engineer licensure does not move between states anyway, so there we go.

Questions:
Are these regulations in accessory to Professional Engineering licensure?
Do I need to scale up the ranks of engineer (1st class, 2nd class, 3rd class) in order to proceed.
What types of engineers need this credential? (Is this major specific?)
Does working for a corporation supersede requirements? (State law question.)

Investigation:
Given the I may not need this licensure to become an electrical engineer in the Massachusetts jurisdiction. *Adam West Batmobile Noises* To the Massachusetts Legislature to see what credentials I need, for that would make more sense as to why I was not able to maintain my engineering position with RTX/Raytheon if persons with the title of Engineer are required to have the specific credential in order to practice in the state, period. I would have studied during the move.....

Reading through The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XX, Chapter 146, Inspection of Boilers, Air Tanks, Etc. Licenses of Engineers, Firemen, and Operators of Hoisting Machinery, this test primarily seems to be aimed at people dealing with boilers, nuclear, and civil infrastructure.

Insurers seem to need some certificate in order to practice.

What are the regulations in order for me to practice engineering legally here (in Massachusetts)?

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112: Registration of Certain Professions and Occupations. - Long list of requirements for various professions.

Control + F'ing though for Engineers finds me at Sections 60L, 81E, 81H, 81I, 81J, 81P, 81S, and 81T.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 60L: Services in practice of architecture; plans and specifications; registered professional engineer; employees; landscape architects; partnerships or corporation; non-resident architects. - Setting the record for the later clauses in Chapter 112.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 60Q: Immunity from liability for professionals providing services related to natural disaster or catastrophe. - References where Professional Engineer is defined. Natural Disaster/Catastrophe brief references.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 65: Practice during suspension, revocation or cancellation; civil administrative penalties; notice; expiration and renewal of license; court orders. - Penalties for practicing without a license after your license has been suspended.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 65A: Unlicensed practice of trade or profession for which license is required; penalties. - Penalties for practicing trade or profession that requires a license.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81E: Registration as professional engineers and as professional land surveyors; examination; rules and regulations of board; seal. - Requirement that the board shall examine professional engineers.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81H: Record of proceedings of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors; register of applications for registration; prima facie evidence; annual report to governor. - Requirements for the board to maintain.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81I: Roster of registered professional engineers and land surveyors. - Requirement to be registered.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81J: Registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; qualifications. - Requirements to be registered as a professional engineer.

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81P: Reprimand and suspension of registration; revocation of certificate of registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; charges; hearing. -

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81S: Appeal from action of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors. - 

Finding: The 194th General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, General Laws, Part I, Title XVI, Chapter 112, Section 81T: Unauthorized practice of engineering or land surveying; penalties; duties of attorney general. - Penalties for practicing without a license.

Note to self: Read through and update summaries. Update regulations spreadsheet later.

Conclusions:
Update 4/25/2026, 9:58 PM EST, there are a large amount of laws..... Do I necessarily need to read through or document all of them at the moment? No/kinda. I am relatively new to Massachusetts and breaking laws is not something I go out of my way to do most of the time.

Update 4/25/2026, 10:23 PM EST, I am simply posting the laws that state the word "engineer" in the title.

Update 4/25/2026, 10:50 PM EST, taking a break for dinner. (I need to get my sleep schedule back on track on the weekends.)

Sources:
Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2026. "Apply for Fireman and Engineer Licenses." https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-fireman-and-engineer-licenses.

Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2026. "Boiler & Pressure Vessel Program Licensing & Exams." https://www.mass.gov/info-details/boiler-pressure-vessel-program-licensing-exams.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Appeal from action of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81S.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Immunity from liability for professionals providing services related to natural disaster or catastrophe." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section60Q.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Inspection of Boilers, Air Tanks, Etc. Licenses of Engineers, Firemen, and Operators of Hoisting Machinery." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXX/Chapter146.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Record of proceedings of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors; register of applications for registration; prima facie evidence; annual report to governor." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81H.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; qualifications." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81J.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration as professional engineers and as professional land surveyors; examination; rules and regulations of board; seal." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81E.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration of Certain Professions and Occupations." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Reprimand and suspension of registration; revocation of certificate of registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; charges; hearing." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81P.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Roster of registered professional engineers and land surveyors." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81I.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Services in practice of architecture; plans and specifications; registered professional engineer; employees; landscape architects; partnership or corporation; non-resident architects." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section60L.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Unauthorized practice of engineering or land surveying; penalties; duties of attorney general." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81T.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Unlicensed practice of trade or profession for which license is required; penalties." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section65A.

In the United States, women are allowed in laboratories, or at least we were in undergrad, when we paid large fees. Lately it seems that the United States says women are not allowed in the lab. There are no engineering positions for women in the lab. I come from a working class background. It seems that lab space is only for those who can pay a large sum of money. There are no positions for women in engineering, period. I have no money for Gucci or Prada, only those that purchase Gucci or Prada are allowed in.
All I have are useless equations and skills to provide my employers. Nobody likes useless equations. Unless you bring a contract with you from a rish acquaintence, you don't have a future in engineering. And lawyers will not sue employers anymore. Corporations win and are above the law!
If you do not come with a contract, you are to be used as a patsy for corruption.
Competence is only for only for those who can pay for it, hard work does not get you anywhere. Business contacts respect money, and drama (including legal drama) ends you up homeless. Breaking the law is absolutely allowed for corporations.

Image Credit: Hannah Carter, May 4th, 2026.

After a brief stint of stomach sickness and an internet outage to boot, I have internet back!

Updated 5/12/2026.

While I am between positions, I do not have any money. I would phrase that more eloquently, and this is the truth.
I have applied for unemployment in the State of Massachusetts through the Department of Unemployment Assistance, and I am currently appealing their rejection for benefits. I have been applying for positions since February when my income first dried up. Currently I have no income and I have applied for SNAP, WIC, and Transit Assistance. My car's brakes have also gone out as of a month ago. On the bright side, I do not need to worry about gas, winning! (Sarcasm.)
For those who do not know WIC, WIC is only for if you are pregnant or have children. I learned that when I was rejected, and do not begrudge the decision, as I would like to have children when I am older. More in the 30 - 35 years old range, hopefully when I am more established in an industry. I am only 26 currently.
I received news from DTA that I have been approved for financial assistance through SNAP, to make my food bank rations stretch further! Fresh fruit, vegetables, and baking staples make The Open Pantry's current food box resources stretch further in my kitchen. For reference, food banks may have baking staples when asked. I have received corn flour from The Open Pantry in the past without having to ask. I need to ask next time the main office is open for The Open Pantry whether butter, baking soda, baking powder, and sugar are available. Having volunteered for a food bank in Washington State prior, reasons for them not necessarily being readily available in donation boxes include relatively low cost, already being in person's pantries, and when catering to lower income groups who have been in need for longer (systemic poverty or abusive situations), baking supplies require a functioning kitchen, utensils, and space. Not all people have those.
During this time, I have also been using The Salvation Army, particularly when The Open Pantry closed its doors for their move.
For getting around in Lowell, I am very thankful that LRTA has free fares until June 30th, 2026 due to a state grant! My next step is to continue to try to receive more reduced fares for job interviews in Boston, so long as I am eligible.

Resources:

Department of Unemployment Assistance. 2026. "Department of Unemployment Assistance (DUA)." https://www.mass.gov/orgs/department-of-unemployment-assistance.

DTA Connect. 2026. "Massachusetts DTA Get the food and cash assistance you need! Apply for food assistance." https://dtaconnect.eohhs.mass.gov/.

LRTA. 2026. "Lowell Regional Transit Authority." https://lrta.com/.

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 2026. "Reduced Fares." https://www.mbta.com/fares/reduced.

Salvation Army. 2026. "Salvation Army Lowell Corps." https://easternusa.salvationarmy.org/massachusetts/lowell/.

SNAP. 2026. "Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) (formerly known as food stamps)." https://www.mass.gov/how-to/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-formerly-known-as-food-stamps.

The Open Pantry of Greater Lowell. 2026. "The Open Pantry of Greater Lowell." https://theopenpantry.org/.

WIC. 2026. "Women, Infants, & Children Nutrition Program." https://www.mass.gov/orgs/women-infants-children-nutrition-program.

Resources:

Hyperphysics. "Fermi-Dirac Distribution." http://www.hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/disfd.html#c1.

Hyperphysics. "Fermi Level." http://www.hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Solids/Fermi.html.

LibreTexts Chemistry. "6.5.2: The Fermi Level." https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Ursinus_College/CHEM322%3A_Inorganic_Chemistry/06%3A_Solid_State_Chemistry/6.05%3A_Band_Theory_and_Conductivity/6.5.02%3A_The_Fermi_Level.

M. J. Gilbert. 2011. "Lecture 8: Fermi Level and Equilibrium Carrier Distributions." https://transport.ece.illinois.edu/ECE340F11-Lectures/ECE340Lecture8-FermiConc.pdf.

Science Facts. 2026. "Fermi Level." https://www.sciencefacts.net/fermi-level.html.

An interesting article from Harvard! How can you use this in your daily life?

Harvard. 2026. "Advanced Negotiation Strategies and Concepts: Hostage Negotiation Tips for Business Negotiators." https://www.pon.harvard.edu/daily/conflict-resolution/hostage-negotiation-tips-for-business-negotiators/.

Updated:
5/26/2026

Resources:

Congress. 2025. "H.R.1 - An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14." https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/1/text.

Experian. 2024. "Does Deferring a Payment Hurt Your Credit?" https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/do-deferred-payments-affect-credit/.

Experian. 2024. "Does Forbearance Affect Credit." https://www.experian.com/blogs/ask-experian/how-forbearance-affects-credit/.

Forbes. 2025. "Education Department Officially Kills SAVE Plan For Student Loans." https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamminsky/2025/12/09/education-department-officially-kills-save-plan-for-student-loans/.

Freedom Debt Relief. 2026. "How Does Student Loan Forbearance Affect Your Credit Score?" https://www.freedomdebtrelief.com/learn/credit-score/how-does-student-loan-forbearance-affect-your-credit-score/#student-loan-forbearance-won-t-hurt-your-credit-score.

Junior Achievement USA. "JA Biztown." https://jausa.ja.org/programs/ja-biztown.

StudentAid.gov. "Income-Driven Repayment Plans." https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/plans/income-driven.

StudentAid.gov. 2026. "IDR Plan Court Actions: Impact on Borrowers." https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/idr-court-actions.

StudentAid.gov. 2026. "Student Loan Deferment." https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/lower-payments/get-temporary-relief/deferment.

StudentAid.gov. 2026. "Student Loan Forbearance." https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/lower-payments/get-temporary-relief/forbearance?os=httpsadfdfwww.google&ref=app.

The College Investor. 2026. "PAYE and ICR Are Ending: What Borrowers Should Do Before 2028." https://thecollegeinvestor.com/74466/paye-and-icr-are-ending-what-borrowers-should-do/.

The Free Financial Advisor. 2026. "The Income-Driven Repayment Plans That End July 1, 2028 Under New Law." https://www.thefreefinancialadvisor.com/the-income-driven-repayment-plans-that-end-july-1-2028-under-new-law/.

White House. 2026. "The One Big Beautiful Bill: Legislation for Historic Prosperity and Deficit Reduction The Council of Economic Advisers June 2025." https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/The-One-Big-Beautiful-Bill-Legislation-for-Historic-Prosperity-and-Deficit-Reduction-1.pdf.

YNAB. 2026. "YNAB." https://www.ynab.com/.

YouTube. 2026. "Caleb Hammer." https://www.youtube.com/@CalebHammer.

YouTube. 2026. "The Financial Diet." https://www.youtube.com/@thefinancialdiet.

YouTube. 2026. "The Ramsey Show." https://www.youtube.com/@TheRamseyShowEpisodes.

I used to play this game when I was a kid on PBSKids.org. I found an archived version of it on https://flashmuseum.org/rumor-control/. Hooray for old FLASH games!

Looking at the Orange County Fire Authority (https://ocfa.org/about-us/departments/operations/hazardous-materials-response-team/). Looking at Orange County HAZMAT (https://www.ochealthinfo.com/services-programs/environmental-health/hazardous-materials/hazardous-materials-hazmat-emergency). The goal is is to find out what the Orange County Fire Department/HazMat has access to in their stock to see if they have the correct gloves. In person, this would be as simple as asking a representative or coordinator what materials are available and saying what the data sheet has listed so they can check against stock.

From the Chemical Book (https://www.chemicalbook.com/msds/methyl-methacrylate.htm):
"Section 8: Exposure controls/personal protection"
"Body Protection
Flame retardant antistatic protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Recommended Filter type: Filter A (acc. to DIN 3181) for vapours of organic compounds
The entrepeneur has to ensure that maintenance, cleaning and testing of respiratory protective devices are carried out according to the instructions of the producer.
These measures have to be properly documented.
Control of environmental exposure
Do not let product enter drains. Risk of explosion."

Material Properties Questions:
Is the tank being kept at pressure? What pressure?

Concerns:
In work.

Resources:

BASF Corporation. "Safety Data Sheet. Methyl Methacrylate." https://download.basf.com/p1/000000000030041969_SDS_GEN_US/en_US/METHYLMETHACR._30041969_SDS_GEN_US_en_4-0.pdf.

CBS News. 2026. "California tank holding dangerous chemicals could explode, officials say. Here's what to know." https://www.cbsnews.com/news/garden-grove-methyl-methacrylate-chemical-tank-california/.

Chemical Book. "Chemical Safety Data Sheet MSDS / SDS." https://www.chemicalbook.com/msds/methyl-methacrylate.htm.

EDQM. 2023. "Methyl methacrylate Safety Data Sheet." https://sds.edqm.eu/pdf/SDS/EDQM_201601056_1.0_SDS_EN.pdf.

EPA. 2000. "Methyl Methacrylate." https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2016-09/documents/methyl-methacrylate.pdf.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2019. "Exhibit 4: Glove Selection Guide." https://www.fws.gov/sites/default/files/policy/pdfs/e4241fw3.pdf.

Fox KTVU. "Garden Grove chemical threat: 40,000 evacuated as overheated tank faces explosion or leak." https://www.ktvu.com/news/garden-grove-chemical-threat-overheated-tank-evacuations.

Independent. 2026. "Garden Grove chemical leak crisis takes new turn as tank crack found amid explosion fears." https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/garden-grove-california-chemical-leak-evacuation-latest-b2983028.html.

LocalConditions.com. 2026. "Garden Grove, CA Past Weather." https://www.localconditions.com/us/garden-grove/california/weather/past/.

NBC Los Angeles. 2026. "Recap: Crews conduct 'all-night mission' to gauge pressure in Garden Grove tank." https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/live-updates-garden-grove-chemical-tank-emergency/3894473/.

OC Health Care Agency. 2026. "Hazardous Materials (HazMat) Emergency Response." https://www.ochealthinfo.com/services-programs/environmental-health/hazardous-materials/hazardous-materials-hazmat-emergency.

Orange County Fire Authority. 2026. https://ocfa.org/about-us/departments/operations/hazardous-materials-response-team/.

PubChem. "Methyl Methacrylate." https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6658.

PubChem. "Methyl Methacrylate Chemical Vendors." https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6658#section=Chemical-Vendors&fullscreen=true.

PubChem. "Methyl Methacrylate Fire Fighting." https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6658#section=Fire-Fighting&fullscreen=true.

PubChem. "Methyl Methacrylate Physical Description." https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6658#section=Physical-Description&fullscreen=true.

PubChem. "Methyl Methacrylate Spillage Disposal." https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/6658#section=Spillage-Disposal&fullscreen=true.

TIME. 2026. "Tens of Thousands Ordered to Evacuate Over Chemical Tank Explosion Risk in California." https://time.com/article/2026/05/24/garden-grove-chemical-tank-explosion-/.

Wikipedia. 2026. "Garden Grove chemical leak." https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_Grove_chemical_leak.

Whilst reading The Atomic Submarine and Admiral Rickover by Clay Blair Jr., I have come across what has been a winning strategy in the past, or at least not left you poorer than it found you. The passage says "He treated everybody the same, whether he knew them or whether they were total strangers. He even made a special point of keeping his nose out of the personal lives of his subordinates and, in return, asked that they do the same." (Page 55, The Atomic Submarine and Admiral Rickover). This passage has proven to work for myself early on in my career. These days, less so.
I have enjoyed the book thus far. The story so far is enriching.

As an engineer who didn't receive the best grades in college, I see that I don't have a path forward in the Navy unless I work on a particularly large project of merit. The Navy hires people and trains them and provides them to have an environment in which they might become the best of the best. I have to wonder if there is any reason for me to see myself there. There are no prizes for trying hard, and people's lives are on the line, so I have no issue with it.
Another point of view, great people like Admiral Rickover and Ruth Bader Ginsburg have met their significant others while in pursuing their degrees in higher level insitutions. I have to assume that if that is in the cards for myself, that it will not happen any time soon.

I would love to see a DPA or a Construction Analysis of this chip when it comes out to see what the implementation of the logic fabric looks like if it is reflected in the hardware.

Resources:

Dev.to. 2026. "Kirin 2026 vs Snapdragon 2026: The Full Chip Gap Landscape." https://dev.to/lanternproton/kirin-2026-vs-snapdragon-2026-the-full-chip-gap-landscape-5671.

GizmoChina. 2026. "Huawei previews Kirin 2026 chip with higher transistor density and efficiency." https://www.gizmochina.com/2026/05/25/huawei-previews-kirin-2026-chip-with-higher-transistor-density-and-efficiency/.

Huawei Central. 2026. "Huawei Kirin 2026: Performance, Max Clock Frequency, and 5Ghz Chip Roadmap." https://www.huaweicentral.com/huawei-kirin-2026-chip-performance-clock/.

LinkedIn. 2026. "HUAWEI Tau (τ) Scaling Law Livestream." https://www.linkedin.com/events/7464658511675944960/.

Quantum Technology Observatory. 2026. "Quantum technology explainer." https://qtobservatory.org/resources/quantum-technology-explainer/.

SemiconductorX. 2026. "Semiconductor Mfg Process Flow." https://semiconductorx.com/semiconductor-manufacturing-steps.php.

Semiwiki. 2026. "Huawei plans 1.4-nm chips by 2031, Kirin 2026 Chip: 238 MTr/mm2 transistor density rivaling TSMC’s 3nm." https://semiwiki.com/forum/threads/huawei-plans-1-4-nm-chips-by-2031-kirin-2026-chip-238-mtr-mm2-transistor-density-rivaling-tsmc%E2%80%99s-3nm.25154/.

The Science Times. 2025. "What Is Nanotechnology? Understanding Nanoscience Basics and How Nanotech Works." https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/60746/20251111/what-nanotechnology-understanding-nanoscience-basics-how-nanotech-works.htm.

World Economic Forum. 2024. "Explainer: What is quantum technology and what are its benefits?"  https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/07/explainer-what-is-quantum-technology/.

YouTube. 2026. "HUAWEI Tau (τ) Scaling Law Livestream." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4a-KfIcpUvI.

Thoughts to follow up on, is the Space Reactor-1 Freedom part of the Moon Base initiative. In other words from a white paper "America Underway in Space on Nuclear Power." on the Space Reactor, things to investigate has added Brayton Power Conversion. Also, no. The Space Reactor-1 Freedom is not a part of the Moon Base Initiative.

Updated: 5/30/2026.

Resources:

NASA. 2026. "America Underway in Space on Nuclear Power." https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/america-underway-in-space-on-nuclear-power.pdf.

NASA. 2026. "Moon Base Igniting Progress." https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/moon-base-architecture-users-guide.pdf.

NASASpaceFlight.com. "NASA unveils Space Reactor-1 Freedom mission to Mars in 2028." https://nasaspaceflight.com/2026/03/nasa-sr1-freedom-mars-2028/.

YouTube. 2026. "Moon Base News Conference (May 26, 2026)." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nyki6O1oxIg.

YouTube. 2026. "Nuclear Space Power and Propulsion." https://youtu.be/QxeRPQGQDk4?si=ImvC20wEmB21oiDi.

Resources:

IEEE. 2026. "IEEE Keyboard Typing Marathon." https://ieeektm.org/.

• "5.08: Use of Title Engineer or Land Surveyor"

  • "No person, other than a Registrant holding a current License to practice in the applicable profession, shall advertise or hold themselves out as either a Professional Engineer or a Professional Land Surveyor, or use any other title to imply that they are qualified to practice engineering or land surveying in the Commonwealth, or in any other way hold themselves out as able to perform any of the Licensed Branches of engineering or land surveying."

    • Board Policy on Use of Titles. https://www.mass.gov/doc/board-policy-on-use-of-titles/download.

Applicable Washington State Laws -

History -
A large amount of defense has been in largely insular communities who spread reputation by word of mouth with this changing via the internet. You knew someone to get in (largely through academia), or you served in the armed forces.

Key Takeaway -
The professional engineering track from an younger engineer's perspective is a bit more unattainable if the engineer pursues DARPA early. To improve, is there a pathway through official methods to work with the United States Government as a younger engineer that reinforces or recommends professional engineering.

Recommended Improvements:

• Add formal mention of FE Exam to Department of War STEM Scholarships.

• Add a federal professional engineers license or option for a federal licensure (assumption of more work).

Pros of Recommending:

• United States reinforcing a professional engineering or STEM career track

• Federal government reinforcing a state by state system

Cons:

• Professional Engineers are required to register their addresses with the state and publicly list where they live.

Updated 6/2/2026.

- Own Blog Post Coming Soon

Resources:

Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Division of Professional Licensure Board of Registration of Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors. 2026. "Board of Registration of Professional Engineers and Land Surveyors Advisory on the Use of Job Titles that include the term “Engineer” or “Surveyor”." https://www.mass.gov/doc/board-policy-on-use-of-titles/download.

DARPA. "Programs." https://www.darpa.mil/research/programs.

DARPA. "ASSERT. Advanced Sources for Single-event Effects Radiation Testing." https://www.darpa.mil/research/programs/assert-alternative-sources.

DARPA. 2025. "Light the spark, watch it grow." https://www.darpa.mil/news/2025/mto-spark-tank.

Defence Blog. 2026. "DARPA wants to replace GPS dependence with new class of sensors." https://defence-blog.com/darpa-wants-to-replace-gps-dependence-with-new-class-of-sensors/.

Department of Consumer Affairs. Board for Professional Engineers, Land Surveyors, and Geologists. 2026. "Professional Engineers Act. (Business and Professions Code §§ 6700 – 6799)." https://www.bpelsg.ca.gov/laws/pe_act.pdf.

EETimes. 2023. "OEMs' Sourcing Strategies Need to Account for Node Sizes." https://www.eetimes.com/oems-sourcing-strategies-need-to-account-for-node-sizes/.

HigherGov. 2026. "Future Program Announcement: Precision Inertial Navigation & Positioning On an Integrated Tesseract (PINPOINT)." https://www.highergov.com/contract-opportunity/future-program-announcement-precision-inertial-na-darpa-sn-26-88-s-4a1f7/.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Section 81J: Registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; qualifications." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81J.

National Park Service History Electronic Library & Archive. "People of Hanford." https://npshistory.com/publications/mapr/hanford-people.pdf.

National Society of Professional Engineers. 2026. "100 Years of Engineering Licensure." https://www.nspe.org/media-inquiries/resources/100-years-engineering-licensure.

NCEES. 2026. "Licensure." https://ncees.org/licensure/.

Revenant Research. 2024. "A Primer on Process Node Scaling." https://www.revenantresearch.com/p/a-primer-on-process-node-scaling.

S²MARTS. 2026. "Strategic & Spectrum Missions Advanced Resilient Trusted Systems (S²MARTS)." https://s2marts.org/.

Sam.gov. 2026. "Future Program Announcement: Precision Inertial Navigation & Positioning On an Integrated Tesseract (PINPOINT)." https://sam.gov/workspace/contract/opp/3bdef1a824aa43cd9574c9022db4a1f7/view.

SmartScholarship.org. "Scholarship. Stipend. Internship. Career. Build Your Future With SMART." https://www.smartscholarship.org/smart/en?id=smart_index.

Station Hypo. 2026. "Station Hypo." https://stationhypo.com/.

Washington State Legislature. 2026. "Title 196 WAC ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS, BOARD OF REGISTRATION FOR PROFESSIONAL." https://app.leg.wa.gov/wac/default.aspx?cite=196.

Efforts tried:

• Leveraging IEEE former membership

• Leveraging SWE membership

While signing a contract for companies, be sure to read the fine print. Some companies discourage civic participation or directly prohibit civic participation, even though there may be some subjectivity as to whether this is legal or constitutional.

Resources:
Civic Alliance. 2026. "Corporate Civic Playbook." https://playbook.civicalliance.com/.

Taking a class during my unemployment and we were asked to address a problem within our community. This is something closer to my career. Learn well, take notes, understand!

Not the best idea, I shall admit. More of pointing out an eventuality of humans in space long term being space pathogens.

Resources:

Facebook. 2026. "MassHire Lowell Career Center's Post." https://www.facebook.com/MassHireLowell/posts/pfbid0Pg8KbsQN7cK96mJwyDY2wM2yKExfK2e2rwEoykq9HyvuMpK998kT9CgaZb4zbRAjl.

MassHire. 2026. "Hiring Event: Raymour & Flanigan: Thursday, June 18." https://masshirelowellcc.com/rf/?brid=YWdncwEdtQKdsteI2NWJ0Vhtc3Ue.

MassHire. 2026. "Make Your Resume Pop Webinar." https://register.gotowebinar.com/registrationConfirmation?webinarKey=7975887489710516571&registrantEmail=hacarter14%40gmail.com&duplicate=false.

On United State's foreign relations, I like to check every so often on international affairs. With the nature of semiconductors, I make sure that supply chains and my geography are always up to date.

Resources:

Congress. 1976. "Public Law 96-8- APR. 10, 1979." https://www.congress.gov/96/statute/STATUTE-93/STATUTE-93-Pg14.pdf.

United States Code. "Chapter 48 - Taiwan Relations." https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title22/chapter48&edition=prelim.

52nd International Astronautical Congress. 2001. "ALTIKA : A MICRO-SATELLITE Ka-BAND ALTIMETRY MISSION." https://ids-doris.org/documents/report/publications/IAF_01_B2_10-Altika.pdf.

Beechcraft. 2026. "Beechcraft By Textron." https://beechcraft.txtav.com/.

Boldmethod. 2024. "How Does An Altimeter Work?" https://www.boldmethod.com/learn-to-fly/systems/how-does-an-aircraft-altimeter-work-in-flight/.

Blair, Clay Jr.. 1954. The Atomic Submarine and Admiral Rickover.

Civic Alliance. 2026. "Corporate Civic Playbook." https://playbook.civicalliance.com/.

Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2026. "Apply for Fireman and Engineer Licenses." https://www.mass.gov/how-to/apply-for-fireman-and-engineer-licenses.

Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2026. "Boiler & Pressure Vessel Program Licensing & Exams." https://www.mass.gov/info-details/boiler-pressure-vessel-program-licensing-exams.

Congress. 1976. "Public Law 96-8- APR. 10, 1979." https://www.congress.gov/96/statute/STATUTE-93/STATUTE-93-Pg14.pdf.

Congress. 2025. "H.R.1 - An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14." https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/1/text.

Cornell. 2021. "reverse engineering." https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/reverse_engineering.

DARPA. "Programs." https://www.darpa.mil/research/programs.

Defence Blog. 2026. "DARPA wants to replace GPS dependence with new class of sensors." https://defence-blog.com/darpa-wants-to-replace-gps-dependence-with-new-class-of-sensors/.

Department of Unemployment Assistance. 2026. "Department of Unemployment Assistance (DUA)." https://www.mass.gov/orgs/department-of-unemployment-assistance.

DTA Connect. 2026. "Massachusetts DTA Get the food and cash assistance you need! Apply for food assistance." https://dtaconnect.eohhs.mass.gov/.

EFF. "Coders’ Rights Project Reverse Engineering FAQ." https://www.eff.org/issues/coders/reverse-engineering-faq.

Facebook. 2026. "MassHire Lowell Career Center's Post." https://www.facebook.com/MassHireLowell/posts/pfbid0Pg8KbsQN7cK96mJwyDY2wM2yKExfK2e2rwEoykq9HyvuMpK998kT9CgaZb4zbRAjl.

Flash Museum. "Rumor Control." https://flashmuseum.org/rumor-control/.

Forbes. 2025. "Education Department Officially Kills SAVE Plan For Student Loans." https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamminsky/2025/12/09/education-department-officially-kills-save-plan-for-student-loans/.

Frozen Pennies. 2026. "44 Places to Get a Free Non-Resident Library Card (to Use with Your Kindle)." https://frozenpennies.com/free-non-resident-library-card-to-use/.

GeeksForGeeks. 2025. "TCP 3-Way Handshake Process." https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/tcp-3-way-handshake-process/.

Harvard. 2026. "Advanced Negotiation Strategies and Concepts: Hostage Negotiation Tips for Business Negotiators." https://www.pon.harvard.edu/daily/conflict-resolution/hostage-negotiation-tips-for-business-negotiators/.

Hyperphysics. "Fermi-Dirac Distribution." http://www.hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/disfd.html#c1.

Hyperphysics. "Fermi Level." http://www.hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Solids/Fermi.html.

IEEE. 2025. "2025 IEEE International Radar Conference Student Paper Competition." https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11162602.

IEEE. 2025. "FPGA Implementation of a Hardware-Optimized Autonomous Real-Time Radar Altimeter Processor for Interplanetary Landing Missions." https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11107321.

IEEE. 2025. "Repeat-Pass VideoSAR System Jamming: Novel Perspective and Challenges." https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11146702.

IEEE. 2026. "IEEE Keyboard Typing Marathon." https://ieeektm.org/.

Junior Achievement USA. "JA Biztown." https://jausa.ja.org/programs/ja-biztown.

JustGoneWandering. 2025. "Where to Get Non-Resident Library Cards (2025)." https://justgonewandering.com/libraries-for-nomads-non-resident-library-cards/.

know.Space. 2025. "IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ESA EARTH OBSERVATION EARLY R&D ACTIVITIES Digital Altimeter Integrated Circuit Design." https://space-economy.esa.int/documents/eYp0mX1hP1pmqlI2UUF1QRu3BvgBlrcO14qiUm2A.pdf.

LaurieWired. 2026. " Your RAM is Fake. The Moon Broke Timezones. And Your Compiler Is Guessing." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnX5zJ_qGz0.

LibreTexts Chemistry. "6.5.2: The Fermi Level." https://chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Ursinus_College/CHEM322%3A_Inorganic_Chemistry/06%3A_Solid_State_Chemistry/6.05%3A_Band_Theory_and_Conductivity/6.5.02%3A_The_Fermi_Level.

LinkedIn. 2026. Post from Individual Contributor - Go hire him. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/garry-yuan-b27a31255_1-grid-power-systems-power-plants-transmission-share-7450497556335210496-r6NO/?rcm=ACoAAC7oTRcBgVrO5YbKeX9V7LRGKDwlDBf7Hc0.

LRTA. 2026. "Lowell Regional Transit Authority." https://lrta.com/.

Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 2026. "Reduced Fares." https://www.mbta.com/fares/reduced.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Appeal from action of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81S.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Immunity from liability for professionals providing services related to natural disaster or catastrophe." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section60Q.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Inspection of Boilers, Air Tanks, Etc. Licenses of Engineers, Firemen, and Operators of Hoisting Machinery." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXX/Chapter146.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Record of proceedings of board of registration of professional engineers and of land surveyors; register of applications for registration; prima facie evidence; annual report to governor." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81H.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; qualifications." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81J.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration as professional engineers and as professional land surveyors; examination; rules and regulations of board; seal." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81E.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Registration of Certain Professions and Occupations." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Reprimand and suspension of registration; revocation of certificate of registration as professional engineer or land surveyor; charges; hearing." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81P.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Roster of registered professional engineers and land surveyors." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81I.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Services in practice of architecture; plans and specifications; registered professional engineer; employees; landscape architects; partnership or corporation; non-resident architects." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section60L.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Unauthorized practice of engineering or land surveying; penalties; duties of attorney general." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section81T.

Massachusetts Legislature. 2026. "Unlicensed practice of trade or profession for which license is required; penalties." https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXVI/Chapter112/Section65A.

MassHire. 2026. "Hiring Event: Raymour & Flanigan: Thursday, June 18." https://masshirelowellcc.com/rf/?brid=YWdncwEdtQKdsteI2NWJ0Vhtc3Ue.

MassHire. 2026. "Make Your Resume Pop Webinar." https://register.gotowebinar.com/registrationConfirmation?webinarKey=7975887489710516571&registrantEmail=hacarter14%40gmail.com&duplicate=false.

MIT CSAIL and Facebook. 2022. "InfraredTags: Embedding Invisible AR Markers and Barcodes Using Low-Cost, Infrared-Based 3D Printing and Imaging Tools."  https://3dvar.com/Dogan2022InfraredTags.pdf.

M. J. Gilbert. 2011. "Lecture 8: Fermi Level and Equilibrium Carrier Distributions." https://transport.ece.illinois.edu/ECE340F11-Lectures/ECE340Lecture8-FermiConc.pdf.

OpenAltimetry. 2026. "OpenAltimetry." https://openaltimetry.earthdatacloud.nasa.gov/data/.

Paula Deen. 2026. "Paula’s Pizza Dough." https://www.pauladeen.com/recipe/paulas-pizza-dough/.

Rational Animations. 2025. "What a 100 -year-old horse teaches us about AI." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eP1dSWFqKVs.

rfwireless-world. 2026. "Types of RF Frequency Jamming Techniques & Working." https://www.rfwireless-world.com/terminology/rf-frequency-jamming-techniques.

Salvation Army. 2026. "Salvation Army Lowell Corps." https://easternusa.salvationarmy.org/massachusetts/lowell/.

Science Facts. 2026. "Fermi Level." https://www.sciencefacts.net/fermi-level.html.

Science Notes. 2022. "Parts of a Comet." https://sciencenotes.org/parts-of-a-comet/.

SNAP. 2026. "Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) (formerly known as food stamps)." https://www.mass.gov/how-to/supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-formerly-known-as-food-stamps.

StudentAid.gov. "Income-Driven Repayment Plans." https://studentaid.gov/manage-loans/repayment/plans/income-driven.

StudentAid.gov. 2026. "IDR Plan Court Actions: Impact on Borrowers." https://studentaid.gov/announcements-events/idr-court-actions.

The College Investor. 2026. "PAYE and ICR Are Ending: What Borrowers Should Do Before 2028." https://thecollegeinvestor.com/74466/paye-and-icr-are-ending-what-borrowers-should-do/.

The Free Financial Advisor. 2026. "The Income-Driven Repayment Plans That End July 1, 2028 Under New Law." https://www.thefreefinancialadvisor.com/the-income-driven-repayment-plans-that-end-july-1-2028-under-new-law/.

The Open Pantry of Greater Lowell. 2026. "The Open Pantry of Greater Lowell." https://theopenpantry.org/.

The Planetary Report. 2026. "Messengers of Ice and Time." https://www.planetary.org/articles/messengers-of-ice-and-time.

United States Code. "Chapter 48 - Taiwan Relations." https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title22/chapter48&edition=prelim.

Uslawexplained. 2025. "Reverse Engineering Law Explained: The Ultimate Guide to Legality, Innovation, and Your Rights." https://uslawexplained.com/reverse_engineering.

White House. 2026. "The One Big Beautiful Bill: Legislation for Historic Prosperity and Deficit Reduction The Council of Economic Advisers June 2025." https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/The-One-Big-Beautiful-Bill-Legislation-for-Historic-Prosperity-and-Deficit-Reduction-1.pdf.

WIC. 2026. "Women, Infants, & Children Nutrition Program." https://www.mass.gov/orgs/women-infants-children-nutrition-program.

YNAB. 2026. "YNAB." https://www.ynab.com/.

YouTube. 2026. "Caleb Hammer." https://www.youtube.com/@CalebHammer.

YouTube. 2026. "The Financial Diet." https://www.youtube.com/@thefinancialdiet.

YouTube. 2026. "The Ramsey Show." https://www.youtube.com/@TheRamseyShowEpisodes.