Recent changes in Timewalking have allowed level 10s to access the event, and obtain gear. At this moment in time, this gear is higher item level than anything else we can currently get. Here's a small selection of weapons drops from Timewalking - there are definitely way more than this, and you should check the dungeon journal for anything not listed here. List of Timewalking dungeons here. 

As mentioned in the Armor head-page, the Timewalking vendors for Classic, Legion, and Battle for Azeroth all have armor and weapons for sale that are good for starting off with. However, in some ways, the scaling of these pieces are comparable to the pieces in Timewalking dungeons themselves, especially depending on your level. This is not a full list, since the BFA vendor alone has thirteen weapons for sale, these are just examples. Ones I actively dislike will be at the bottom of the page. 

These are obtainable for few weeks every year, and require marks of honor along with timewarped badges to buy. Alliance only items and Horde only items are color coded. When you faction swap, these items will change to their faction specific variant. These are currently lower item level than pieces directly from Timewalking dungeons. 

These are technically not timewarped, but have the same scaling as timewarped weapons. These are usually RNG and either drop from the dungeon event bags or from the mobs themselves. The events with weapon drops are Midsummer, Hallow's End, Winter Veil, and Brewfest. They may also be Bind on Equip, and can drop with tert and sockets. 

As will be elaborated in the Trinket section, Tanaan gear does not scale properly. It drops at ilvl44 with no level requirement for every level, which makes it great for 10s. Below are the pieces that drop from Tanaan Jungle. These all have a chance to drop with a socket proc and other tertiary stats. They can also proc as warforged...and become ilvl45. These require help from a high level character to obtain, but can also be obtained through daily kills while lorewalking without help from a high level toon.

While there's a lot of special event options to choose from regarding gear, the most obvious source of "good gear" is from dungeons and quests. At this point in how things are scaling, most aren't particularly standout, but there are definite exceptions that will be listed below.

These heirlooms were obtainable through Siege of Orgrimmar during both when it was current and through Mists of Pandaria: Remix. These are unique because they are the only heirlooms with gem slots. Do not be fooled - they might have room for gems, but their overall stat budget is lower. Some of these straight up do not have primary stat at this level, or in some rare cases, negative stats. They make good starter weapons though, and can provide the highest amount of primary stats if you put in the correct gems. Otherwise, they're about the same as any other heirloom.