Embedded Files
The United Royal Houses of the Philippines created this website to consolidate the researches of the historians that relates to Lakan Dula.
BUSY WEEK AT THE HOUSE OF DULA. Radio Guesting at RMN, DZXL and FB Live about National Heroes Day. House of Dula said that "Filipinos should avoid being divided on the choice of heroes: leftist are pro Bonifacio, centrist are pro Rizal and rightist are pro Aguinaldo". On Sunday, the family attended the Roman Catholic Mass at the Shrine of the Our Lady of the Abandoned in the poblacion of Marikina Valley, followed by a dinner at the Parikit Resto near the church with its classic ambiance of capiz windows, old lamps, calesa chandelier and wooden table and Filipino dishes sinaing na tulingan, pusit with cheese, pritong bangus and sisig. From left to right: UP Student Kat Dulay, Lakan Sofronio Dulay and Arlene Uy Corral Dulay. Atty. Sofronio Dulay ll is in a client meeting at Sta.Lucia Mall and Lenlen Dulay Alcazar is with her own family in Makati.
Who are really these mysterious and caring people?
Modern Filipinos today are now searching for the real identity of their tribe and ancestral homeland. This is the phenomenon among Filipino Americans in the United States who are questioning their very own ancestry: are they Asian, Hispanic or Pacific Islanders. In the past, a lot of races are claiming Filipinos - are Filipinos Jewish, Asians, Pacific Islanders or Malays? Do they come from the Hebrew - blooded Lequios tribe, people of ancient Ophir (Lawan) in the pacific side of Samar (named after their ancient homeland Samaria) - - Ophir being the ancestral homeland of the polynesians and once ruled by Hadi Iberein, or are they the homegrown native which Otley Beyer described as the "dawn men" who existed as early as 250,000 years ago, way ahead of the cro magnon man of Europe. The search for the identity, ancestral homeland, ancestral bloodline and the ancestral lineage of their hereditary ancient rulers are now the present preoccupation of modern Filipinos whose country has become a melting pot of different races, whose religion Roman Catholic is western, whose surnames are western, whose dialect and some practices are Jewish influenced like circumcision, etc; whose looks are mixtures of the east, the west, latinos, asians and polynesians which made them win all major beauty contests in the world; and who speaks English like their native tongue. Combining stubborn armed resistance and diplomacy, they fought with the mightiest countries in the world on different times and got their independence: Spain, USA and Japan. When the Philippine Revolutionary Government led by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo of Cavite was hoodwinked by the two world powers, Spain and USA, with the Treaty of Paris, the young government filed a formal diplomatic protest and in their protest letter, the revolutionary government invoked the ancient and historical Philippine sovereignty coming from the Lakan Bunao Dula of the Lakanate of Tondo. In the end, the Philippines won their independence, and they still have to write their history according to their victorious efforts devoid of the agenda of their three former conquerors and future bullies. The Lakanate of Tondo will always be in the forefront in shaping the destiny of this chosen nation.
Tondo, also referred to as Tundo, Tundun, Tundok, (Chinese characters: 東都) and sometimes as the capital of the Luzon Empire or ancient Selurung was a Philippine fortified kingdom whose capital was located in the Manila Bay area, specifically north of the Pasig river, on Luzon island. It is one of the settlements mentioned by the Philippines' earliest historical record, the Laguna Copperplate Inscription. Originally an Indianized kingdom in the 10th century, Tondo initiated diplomatic ties with China during the Ming Dynasty, and thus became a dominant force in regional trade, and in the whole of Asia. (See Luções). Its regional prominence in trade and alliance with Brunei's Sultan Bolkiah in 1500 led to its peak age as a thalassocratic force in the northern archipelago. When the Spanish first arrived in Tondo in 1570 and defeated the local rulers in the Manila Bay area in 1591, Tondo came under the administration of Manila (a Spanish fort built on the remains of Kota Seludong), ending its existence as an independent state. This subjugated Tondo continues to exist today as a district of the city of Manila.
The Laguna Copperplate Inscription (900 A.D.)
The first reference to Tondo occurs in the Philippines' oldest historical record — the Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI). This legal document, written in Kawi, dates back to Saka 822 - the year 900 AD.
The first part of the document says that:
On this occasion, Lady Angkatan, and her brother whose name is Bukah, the children of the Honourable Namwaran, were awarded a document of complete pardon from the Commander in Chief of Tundun, represented by the Lord Minister of Pailah, Jayadewa.
Apparently, the document was a sort of receipt that acknowledged that the man named Namwaran had been cleared of his debt to the king of Tundo, which in today's measure would be about 926.4 grams of gold.[1]
The article mentioned that other places in the Philippines and their chiefs: Pailah (Lord Minister Jayadewa), Puliran Kasumuran (Lord Minister), Binwangan (unnamed). It has been suggested that Pailah, Puliran Kasumuran, and Binwangan are the towns of Paila, Pulilan, and Binwangan in Bulacan,[1] but it has also been suggested that Pailah refers to the town of Pila, Laguna. More recent linguistic research of the Old Malay grammar of the document suggests the term Puliran Kasumuran refers to the large lake now known as Laguna de Ba'y (Puliran), citing the root of kasumuran, *sumur as Old Malay for well, spring or freshwater source. Hence ka-sumur-an defines a water-source (in this case the freshwater lake of Puliran itself).[2] While the document does not describe the exact relationship of the chief of Tundun with these other chiefs, it at least suggests that he was of higher rank.[3]
The next historical reference to Ancient Tondo can be found in the Ming Annals (明史])[4], which record the arrival of an envoy from Luzon to the Ming Dynasty (大明朝) in 1373 AD.[4] Her rulers, based in their capital, Tondo (traditional Chinese: 東都; pinyin: dōngdū) were acknowledged not as mere chieftains, but as kings (王).[5] This reference places Tondo into the larger context of Chinese trade with the peoples of the Philippine archipelago.
Theories such as Wilhelm Solheim's Nusantao Maritime Trading and Communication Network (NMTCN) suggest that cultural links between what are now China and the nations of Southeast Asia, including the Philippines, date back to the peopling of these lands.[6] But the earliest archeological evidence of trade between the Philippines and China takes the form of pottery and porcelain pieces dated to the Tang and Song Dynasties.[7]
The rise of the Ming dynasty saw the arrival of the first Chinese settlers in the Philippines. They were well received and lived together in harmony with the existing local population — eventually intermarrying with them such that today, numerous Philippine people have Chinese blood in their veins.[7]
This connection was important enough that when the Ming
Dynasty emperors enforced the Hai jin laws which closed China to maritime trade from 1371 to about 1567, trade with the Philippines was officially allowed to continue, masqueraded as a tribute system, through the seaport at Fuzhou.[8] Aside from this, a more extensive clandestine trade from Guangzhou and Quanzhou also brought in Chinese goods to Luzon.[9]Luzon and Tondo thus became a center from which Chinese goods were traded all across Southeast Asia. Chinese trade was so strict that Luzon traders carrying these goods were considered "Chinese" by the people they encountered.[9]
This powerful presence in the trade of Chinese goods in 16th century East Asia was also felt strongly by Japan[10]. The Ming Empire treated Luzon traders more favorably than Japan by allowing them to trade with China once every two years, while Japan was only allowed to trade once every 10 years. Japanese merchants often had to resort to piracy in order to obtain much sought after Chinese products such as silk and porcelain. Famous 16th century Japanese merchants and tea connoisseurs like Shimai Soushitsu (島井宗室) and Kamiya Soutan (神屋宗湛) established branch offices on the island of Luzon. One famous Japanese merchant, Luzon Sukezaemon (呂宋助左衛門), went as far as to change his surname from Naya (納屋) to Luzon (呂宋).
Alliance with Brunei (1500 A.D.)
Alliance with Brunei (1500 A.D.)
Tondo became so prosperous that around the year 1500 AD, the Kingdom of Brunei under Sultan Bolkiah merged it by a royal marriage of Gat Lontok, who later became Rajah of Namayan, and Dayang Kaylangitan to established a city with the Malay name of Selurong (later to become the city of Maynila)[11][12] on the opposite bank of Pasig River. The traditional rulers of Tondo, the Lakandula, retained their titles and property but the real political power transferred to the House of Soliman, the Rajahs of Manila.[13]
The Spanish advent (1570–1591)
The Spanish advent (1570–1591)
Spanish colonizers first came to the Manila Bay area and its settlements in June 1570, while Governor-General Legazpi was searching for a suitable place to establish a capital for the new territory. Having heard of a prosperous Muslim settlement on the island of Luzon, Legaspi had sent Martin de Goiti to investigate. When Maynila's ruler, Rajah Sulaiman II, refused to submit to Spanish sovereignty, De Goiti attacked. He eventually defeated Soliman, claimed Maynila in the name of the King of Spain, then returned to report his success to Legazpi, who was then based on the island of Panay.
Legazpi himself returned to take the settlement on June 19, 1591. When the Spanish forces approached, the natives burned Maynila down and fled to Tondo and other neighboring towns.
Legaspi began constructing a fort on the ashes of Maynila and made overtures of friendship to Rajah Lakandula of Tondo, who accepted. The defeated Sulaiman refused to submit to the Spaniards, but failed to get the support of Lakandula or of the Pampangan and Pangasinan settlements to the north. When Sulaiman and a force of Tagalog warriors attacked the Spaniards in the battle of Bangcusay, he was finally defeated and killed.
This defeat marked the end of rebellion against the Spanish amongst the Pasig river settlements, and Lakandula's Tondo surrendered its sovereignty, submitting to the authority of the new Spanish capital, Manila.[14]
Historical theories associated with Ancient Tondo
Historical theories associated with Ancient Tondo
Timeline of the pre Hispanic Philippines
The Rhinoceros Man, Dawn man and Callao man existed as early as 709,000; 250,000 and 65,000 years ago respectively
1800 BC – Ancient Lawan Pacific Settlement of the Lequios/Waray hadlok (Ophir, the homeland of Polynesians)
1000 BC - Igorot Society (CAR)
601 AD - Chiefdoms of Zabag and Wak-Wak (Pampanga and Aparri
800 AD - Namayan (Mandaluyong, Sta. Ana Manila)
900 AD - Tondo (Tondo, Manila)
971 AD - Huangdom of Ma-i
1176 AD - Kingdom of Tondo
1200 AD - Rajahnate of Cebu, Madjas-as Confederation, Dapitan, Butuan
1252 AD - Lupah Sug (Sulu)
1376 AD - Bruneian Empire
1408 AD - Caboloan Vassal State of Ming China (Pangasinan)
1430 AD - Sultanate of Sulu
1450 AD - Kingdom of Tondo reached its peak with the largest territory in the archipelago
1470 AD - Namayan became a vassal state of Tondo
1492 AD - Kingdom of Taytay (Palawan)
1499 AD - Brunei conquered Ma-i and Sulu
1500 AD - Brunei conquered Tondo's Manila territory and established the puppet Kingdom of Maynila
1501 AD - Maguindanao established
1502 AD - Brunei totally took-over Tondo which lost its territories up north of Luzon.
1521 AD - Magellan reaches the Philippines & is killed by Lapu-Lapu in the
Notable monarchs of Tondo
Notable monarchs of Tondo
Connection to Mayi
Connection to Mayi
There was a local Kingdom named Mayi, whose ruler used 30 people as human sacrifices in his funeral, the subordinates of Mayi were Baipuyan (Babuyan Islands), Bajinong (Busuanga), Liyin and Lihan (present day Lubang Island).[17]
Links of other Historical Events
Links of other Historical Events
Pre-colonial Philippine royalty of the Postclassical Era and the early modern period
Source: National Historical Institute, 1964. Any proposed addition to the list should be communicated to the Principalia Council for further historical study and approval.
Official Communications to the House of Dula of the Lakanate of Tondo from: Kingdom of Spain,Maginoo of Mindoro Rajahnate of Cebu and Kingdom of Palawan
Official Communications to the House of Dula of the Lakanate of Tondo from: Kingdom of Spain,Maginoo of Mindoro Rajahnate of Cebu and Kingdom of Palawan
The Heroism of the Secretive Grand Patriarch
The Heroism of the Secretive Grand Patriarch
I Talked to God - A Personal Experience on Super Typhoon Ondoy
I Talked to God - A Personal Experience on Super Typhoon Ondoy
"I am not a religious type of person. I may be a devoted Roman Catholic but not the fanatic type.I am hesitant to write this because I may look lunatic or stupid but I really talked to God. I did.
During the great flood caused by typhoon Ondoy, our ancestral house at the poblacion of Marikina, Philippines, including the nearby Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of the Abandoned, was flooded for the first time in history, as high as maybe 10 feet in the road.
My daughter Katreena, together with one of my maids, Joan was rescued by some neighbors by mistake and were brought to the nearby evacuation center at the Red Cross. I said by mistake because we were not planning to evacuate because my house has two storeys with an attic.
Braving the flood, I visited my daughter Katreena and our maid at the Red Cross temporary evacuation center and told them to stay there.
On my way back, there are commotions – several people are stranded in their one - storey houses. Some of them have babies. I joined the ragtag rescue team with nothing but my basic swimming skills and wearing a basketball short and a t-shirt. Being one of the taller volunteers, I was assigned to be in front of the pack, together with another tall neighbor. We are holding a rope tied to a post. I first encountered a lady neighbor desperately calling for a rescue. She rode on my back and I swam and walked her all the way to the Red Cross. Then I went back to the rescue scene…I met another lady whom I did not talk to for a long time, but really in need for a rescue, I also made her ride on my back and delivered here to safety.
Then, at the farthest house near the river, two babies with their own mothers were stranded. The water was getting high. We can not swim anymore because of strong current. We made our way by clinging into the post, and iron grills and walls. I even encountered an old man trying to join the rescue team, but is nervously clinging on the wall. I said….come on, move (because he is clinging on the wall blocking my way).He said, “I am afraid, I don’t know how to swim.” I said, “You better go back, your life will be in danger.”
We finally reached the house where the babies were stranded….me, a Red Cross volunteer, a guy with a thick Visayan accent and another guy whom I could not remember now. The first baby, we put him on a big plastic tumbler and swam him through the flood all the way to the Red Cross. The next baby, we decided to pass him through the roofs because the water was already so high and the current from the river was so strong that the plastic tumbler might capsize. That baby finally reached the Red Cross.
All were saved; the four of us parted ways. I was then alone resting on top of a big abandoned tent in the middle of the flooded street, desperately wanting to swim back into my house nearby. The current from the river was getting stronger. From my house balcony, I saw my son Esdee (who has a foot injury due to basketball) shouting: “Daddy, langoy ka na dito, aanurin na yang tent na yan (“daddy, please swim towards here because that tent will collapse soon”). I was already weak and I noticed that I have a lot of wounds in my legs, body and arms with blood. I said, “I can not swim now, let me rest for a while, can you get the bamboo near the balcony and peg it into a balusters towards me.” With the bamboo, I slowly cling my way towards our balcony, just when I am about to reach our balcony, the tent that I used to rest on collapsed. I could have died there.Maybe…because the tent will be all over me in a strong current from the river. My injured son saved me.
Days after the flood, I was in bed sick. But I did not let anyone know that I was not feeling well. I let two families stay in my house….because they were already driven out of the temporary evacuation. The flood subsided and the whole place was stinking. We have to remove the mud from our compound into the road…by hand. The dirt and smelly rotting meats and the garbage and the debris are all over the street which is not passable due to mountain of mud, debris and garbage. Several of my neighbors, including my eldest daughter, were sick.
I was sick. The destruction was so depressing, my wounds hurt, and the area stinks. No electricity. Food were rotten because there is no electricity to run the refrigerator.I texted Mayor Marides Fernando to please clear the road of maintains of rotting garbage and mud…an MMDA truck came in next day which allowed us to pass through the road. Very sick, I went to BPI in Cubao and withdrew cash….
After that, I found myself standing in our gate giving cash to the passers – by and some neighbors…and barangay workers helping in the rehabilitation.My sickness, that I tried to hide, made me lost control of my usual conservative disposition of money….
That night I really feel the pain. Finally, I took self medication of drugs for typhoid, the same drugs that my sick eldest daughter was taking…thinking that since my daughter has typhoid, I may have typhoid too… I wore thick jackets…I am so irritated, but never want to admit, even up to now, that I was sick then…. I was going to die without seeing a doctor….How I wish that if I had to die, it should had been when I was rescuing my neighbors so that it will be good in the tabloid: “University Professor Consultant of the Mayor Died Saving his Neighbors”. Then, some second rate local politicians will visit my wake telling everyone that we were friends. Then some of my students will say, “mabait yan si Professor Dulay..mahilig magpatawa….(too bad, I will not be around to give them stars, hey “stars” is a private class joke among my students)….
That night, I was hallucinating and chilling. I feel I am asleep but my eyes were half open. Then, I feel that my whole body floated into the outer space… I see the stars….with different colors. I was entertained of the site..better than any fireworks display during New Year celebrations. After a long journey, maybe of my soul…or maybe of my body, I don't know…., I saw three constellations of stars in the endless space that looks like an arrangement of heavenly bodies that has the shape of two human being in long white dress walking peacefully and gracefully and a third one is a shape of a human face…all floating in the endless space…. Then the planetary arrangements that looks like a human face of a bearded man saw me.
I told Him: “Hi God. Am I going to die already? “. I got the feeling the he was probably God.
He said: “Why, would you like to die?
I said: “Your will be done, but if you will allow, let me live”
He said: “Ok, you will live, what do you want?”
I said: “Thank you, I want to live as an ordinary person enjoying ordinary happiness while pursuing and achieving extra ordinary things”. (Looking back, I should have said, let me win in the lotto)
He said: “Ok…”
I said: “And God, if you want to experience again how it is to be human, you can use my body anytime. Just don’t let me know when you are using my body co existing with me, because I might become abusive.”
He said: “Ok”
Then I wake up……so weak, tired and thirsty, but not anymore chilling…..
Up to now, I still deny to my children that I got sick, because I never get sick in my whole life ever since and I am always bragging to them that their daddy has never been sick since I was born. Really. It is true. I don’t get sick.
Well, that night?……. Did I get sick? ……Let us put it this way, maybe, I was dying that night, maybe not, nobody knows..remember, I did not go to a doctor…., but I was never sick…..my wounds in my body, legs and hands should not count. They were not sickness. They were just wounds, Ok?"
Narrated by Prof. Sofronio Dulay, taken from "Marikina".https://sites.google.com/site/totidulay/talkedtogod. Retrieved November 25, 2020
The Descendants of Lakan Dula of Tondo | Manila are secretly united behind an incognito Lakan
The Descendants of Lakan Dula of Tondo | Manila are secretly united behind an incognito Lakan
Their unassuming secretive Grand Patriarch (King/Lakan) of the modern times does not rule, he reigns incognito and privately with a small circle of personal advisers and close friends, the personal leadership style he inherited from the earlier traditional leaders of the descendancy, a reaction from the centuries of Spanish persecutions. He might even deny his hereditary and historical role and designation; or he might point to somebody else when talking to a non descendant. Descendants who are close to the patriarch will not point directly to him as their patriarch but if needed, they will only indirectly identify him as the one who has been very active in coordinating the present Lakanate of Tondo. He refuses to be under the control of the Philippine President because the principalia council thinks that the president as a person is only temporary but the Lakanate is historical, hereditary and permanent. This is maybe the reason why he hardly attends any activities of the Office of the President from Corazon Aquino, Fidel Ramos, Joseph Estrada, Gloria Arroyo, Noynoy Aquino and Rodriqo Duterte. He also considers the fact that the Principalia Council will do a post term evaluation of the Presidents entitled "Sumpa ni Lakan Dula". His allegiance is with the Sto. Nino de Tondo, the seat of the ancient palace of Lakan Dula and directly to the residents of Tondo, some of them are his close relatives. However, the National Historical Commission of the Philippines, with its historians and access to historical manuscripts, seem to be aware of the hidden current in the aristocratic history and sentiments of the Filipino people. In one of their letters to the secretive Lakan of the Kingdom of Tondo, the Commission said that: "please be informed that our technical team will conduct an ocular visit at Plaza Lakan Dula and the Amado V. Hernandez Mural for assessment and further research... the installation of a historical marker of Lakan Dula was endorsed to our Research, Publication and Heraldry Division, for proper action." The copy of that letter was shown above.
Juancho Bong Sempio wrote this article on the KAANAK NG MGA BAYANI, KATIPUNERO AT REBOLUSYONARYO last March 13, 2016
"Our new member bro Toti Dulay is a descendant of Lakan Dula or Lakandula to some...
Lakan Dula was a native muslim king of Tundun (a large area covering most of what is now present-day Metro Manila), when the Spanish colonization of the Philippine Islands had begun. He ruled a community of Muslim people who lived north of the Pasig River.Lakan Dula was one of three Muslim chieftains in the Manila during the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors led by Martín de Goiti, and Juan de Salcedo in 1570. Lakan is his official title meaning King and later baptized Lakan Carlos Dula (it was found later by the National Historical Commission that he was not actually baptized and did not changed his name), was the Lakan paramount ruler of the pre-colonial Philippine Kingdom of Tondo when the Spaniards first conquered the lands of the Pasig River delta in the 1570's. His father is Rajah Salalila (Sulayman I) and his mother is Ysmeria. His beloved wife is Mutya and they are blessed with several children. His grandparents are Dayang (Lady) Kalangitan and Gat (Lord) Lontok and his brother is Rajah Matanda (Sulayman II). Rajah Mura or Muda (Sulayman III) and Lakan Banao Dula led a revolt known as the Sulayman Revolt of 1574 in the villages of Navotas, taking advantage of the confusion brought about by the attacks of Chinese pirate Limahong. This is also often referred to as the "Manila revolt" but is sometimes referred to as the "Sulayman Revolt" and the "Lakan Dula Revolt."
PinoyInEurope says:
https://joeam.com/2015/03/11/bbl-yes-but-peace-in-mindanao-will-be-won-or-lost-in-the-mosques/
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajah_Sulayman – the ruler of Manila and Tondo, was a Muslim and a scion of the Bolkiah family that ruled Brunei then and rules it to this day. The grandson of Lakandula, another of the three rulers of Manila, was David Dula y Goiti, also known as David Dulay and had a Spanish mother. He was the first mestizo to revolt against the Spanish."
A UP Professor Jaime Caro, the historian of the Mendoza Clan of Marikina has this conversation with Toti Dulay:
TRIVIA: Did you know that a professor in FEU is a descendant of Lakan Dula?
His name is Prof. Sofronio "Toti" Dulay.
He is also the current Grand Patriarch of the Lakan Dula Clan. One of the
best professors not only in IABF but in FEU as a whole.
More info about Prof. Toti Dulay, read
here:https://sites.google.com/site/totidulay/home
Follow us on Twitter: @trivia_piyu
-admin J
Delmar Topinio Taclibon says:
"My deepest gratitude to Hrh Prince Omar Kiram and His Majesty Sultan Fuad A. Kiram I of the Royal Hashemite Sultanate of Sulu and Sabah for this conferment as one of the Datu(k) of the Royal Dominion."
Message of Hrh Prince Omar Kiram:
"The Hon. Datuk Sir Delmar Topinio Taclibon, KRSS, we wish you and your family and all our beloved members a blessed and prosperous joyful new year. Let us continue our resolve, commitment, dedication, true faith and allegiance to our beloved anointed Sultan Fuad A. Kiram I, to realize our advocacy of Sabah and Spratlys against Malaysia's land grabbing for the benefits of the Tausugs and the Filipinos. God Defend the Right!"
Toti Dulay : "congrats insan Delmar Topinio Taclibon and mabuhay ang Magat Salamat lineage ni Lakan Dula ng Tondo..."
Delmar Topinio Taclibon : "Thank you too Modern Day Grand Patriarch of the Lakan Dula Clan Sir Toti Dulay!"
Delmar Topinio Taclibon: Okay, I will do that Grand Patriarch Toti Dulay
Hester Cheng As the finance officer of the CDM foundation i am very happy of this development, ill be getting in touch with you,,
Roderick Alain Alvarez says:
9th cousin's husband's 9th great uncle's wife's 6th great aunt's husband's 16th great grandson
we're that related, insan Toti, pero hindi pa tapos ang Lakan Dula genealogy: please add as many relatives coz, as head of the Royal
House, you know them better :)
Toti Dulay: today at 2:36 AM
Thank you insan Roderick, in the Geni. Com genealogy, we saw na lumabas na yung name nung Juan Reyes Macapagal..ang
main concern na lang natin is paano na connect si Diosdado Macapagal kay Juan Macap
Suijul Tasorre says : Dear Sir Toti, I am very happy to know that you were able to protect the continuity of the Dula lineage....... how I wish na makilala ko kayo....... I'm a fan royalties specially ancient filipino royalty.... the missing link of our history as a nation.......
Sam Jezrel Moran kamahalan.. pinag mamalaki ko po na akoy pilipino.. kau po pala ang prinsipe ng tondo si Prince. Sofronio Cerbito Dulay I.
Purmana Wati, whose grandmother is a dayang (princess) in the lineage of Sultan Abdul Kahar, the sixth Sultan of Brunei who ruled Negara Brunei Darussalam in 1524. Purmana resides in their ancestral homeland in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Below is a conversation between Purmana of Sarawak, and Toti Dulay:
Happy birthday po Lakan Toti Dulay!
What a happy coincidence my reaching out to you was!
I drink to your name and to this movement to revitalize, preserve and protect the true identity of the Filipino people!
Nag bibigay pugay,
Rocky Andal Brito-Contreras Ng Bulalacao
References
^ a b Morrow, Paul (2006-07-14). "The Laguna Copperplate Inscription". http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/lcieng.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
^ Tiongson, Jaime (2006-11-29). "Pailah is Pila, Laguna". http://blog.bayangpinagpala.org/2006/11/pailah-is-pila-laguna.html. Retrieved 2008-02-05. [unreliable source?]
^ Santos, Hector (1996-10-26). "The Laguna Copperplate Inscription". http://www.bibingka.com/dahon/lci/lci.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
^ a b Ming Annals (Chinese {archived from the original on 2008-04-11)
^ Volume 5 of 東西洋考 (A study of the Eastern and Western Oceans) mentions that Luzon first sent tribute to Yongle Emperor in 1406.
^ Solheim, Wilhelm G., II (2006). Archaeology and Culture in Southeast Asia: Unraveling the Nusantao. Diliman, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press. pp. 316. ISBN 971-542-508-9.
^ a b Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the Republic of the Philippines (October 15, 2003). "Embassy Updates: China-Philippine Friendly Relationship Will Last Forever". Press release. http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceph/eng/sgdt/t83710.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
^ Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge University Press. pp. page 211. ISBN 052166991X.
^ a b San Agustin, Gaspar de (in Bilingual (Spanish and English)). Conquistas de las Islas Filipinas 1565-1615. Translated by Luis Antonio Mañeru (1st bilingual ed [Spanish and English] ed.). Intramuros, Manila, 1998: Pedro Galende, OSA.
^ *Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 971-550-135-4.
^ del Mundo, Clodualdo (September 20, 1999). "Ako'y Si Ragam (I am Ragam)". Diwang Kayumanggi. Archived from the original on 2009-07-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20090723084229/http://geocities.com/TheTropics/Coast/7446/Ragam.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-30.
^ Santiago, Luciano P.R., The Houses of Lakandula, Matanda, and Soliman [1571-1898]: Genealogy and Group Identity, Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 18 [1990]
^ Gardner, Robert (1995-20-04). "Manila - A History". Philippine Journeys. http://www.aenet.org/philip/manila.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-05.
^ Santiago, Luciano P.R., The Houses of Lakandula, Matanda, and Soliman [1571-1898]:Genealogy and Group Identity, Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society 18 [1990].
^ a b "lakandula". Archived from the original on 2008-02-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20080224230925/http://www.geocities.com/globalistmanifesto2/lakandula.html. Retrieved 2008-10-18.
^ Wang Zhenping (2008). "Reading Song-Ming Records on the Pre-colonial History of the Philippines". Journal of East Asian Cultural Interaction Studies 1: 249–260. ISSN 1882-7756. http://www.icis.kansai-u.ac.jp/data/journal01-v1/journal01-19-wang.pdf.
Additional reading
Additional reading
Joaquin, Nick (1988). Culture and History. Pasig City: Anvil Publishing, Inc.. pp. 411. ISBN 971-27-1300-8.
Jocano, F. Landa (2001). Filipino Prehistory: Rediscovering Precolonial Heritage. Quezon City: Punlad Research House, Inc.. ISBN 971-622-006-5.
Scott, William Henry (1992). Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. ISBN 971-10-0524-7.
Ongpin Valdes, Cynthia, "Pila in Ancient Times", Treasures of Pila, Pila Historical Society Foundation Inc.
Santiago, Luciano, "Pila: The Noble Town", Treasures of Pila, Pila Historical Society Foundation Inc.
Bolkiah Era
Bolkiah Era
"National Day of Brunei Darussalam (Editorial)", Manila Bulletin, February 23, 2006, http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/02/23/OPED2006022356993.html
Laput, Ernesto. "The first invader was a neighbor: Ang Unang Conquistador". Pinas: Munting Kasaysayan ng Pira-pirasong Bayan. elaput.com. http://www.elaput.org/portslam.htm. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
Spanish Era
Spanish Era
Alabastro, Tony (April 29, 2002). "Soul of the Walled City (Brief History of Intramuros)". http://www2.seasite.niu.edu/tagalogdiscuss/_disc2/000006b3.htm. Retrieved 5 February 2008. [dead link]
Flores, Wilson Lee (February 22, 2005), "Proud to be a Tondo Boy", The Philippine Star, http://www.manila-map.com/history.html
Joaquin, Nick (1983). The Aquinos of Tarlac: An Essay on History as Three Generations. Manila, Philippines: Solar Publishing Corporation. http://maxpages.com/tarlac
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