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De WHO is een afdeling van de Verenigde Naties. De eerste verwarring is dat de Wereld Handels Organisatie ook als WHO wordt aangeduid. Vrijwel alle landen zijn bij de WHO aangesloten. De WHO is opgericht of begonnen op 7 April 1948 en is gevestigd in Geneve in Zwitserland.
"Prior to this its operations, as well as the remaining activities of the League of Nations Health Organization, were under the control of an Interim Commission following an International Health Conference in the summer of 1946.[3] The transfer was authorized by a Resolution of the General Assembly.[4] The epidemiological service of the French Office International d'Hygiène Publique was incorporated into the Interim Commission of the World Health Organization on 1 January 1947.[5] "
Vaccine beleid.
Daar is te vinden:
Hoe er wordt aangekeken binnen de Who tegen mensen die kritisch zijn over vaccinaties:
"However, in the countries with the lowest vaccination coverage, national immunization programmes are challenged by a combination of public and political complacency regarding the value of immunization, and by a disturbing rise in the influence of anti-vaccination groups and their dangerously misleading advocacy campaigns. Nine of the ten countries in the Region with the lowest average measles immunization rates from 2000 through
2007 are in the European Union." Bron: Link zie pagina 1 rechts onderaan
Wie is er verantwoordelijk bij de WHO?
"The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety (GACVS), an expert clinical and scientific advisory body, was established by
WHO in 1999 to respond promptly, efficiently and with scientific rigour to vaccine safety issues of potential global importance." Zij hadden vergadering op 17 en 18 juni 2008 en 2009.
Issues described by the Committee during its 18th meeting, held on 18-19 June in Geneva, Switzerland, included the safety of
yellow fever vaccine, mitochondrial diseases and vaccination, and thiomersal.
"Thiomersal
The Committee reviewed a recently-published pharmacokinetic study of mercury in premature and low-birth-weight infants who received a birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine containing thiomersal, and the results of a study conducted in Italy that examined neuropsychological performance 10 years after immunization in infancy with thiomersal-containing vaccines. On the basis of the presented data, GACVS remains of the view that there is no evidence to support a change in WHO’s recommendations for thiomersal-containing vaccines and the vaccination of low-birth-weight infants where indicated. Other topics discussed during the meeting were: diphtheriatetanus- pertussis (DTP) vaccine and asthma; non-specific effects of DTP vaccine on child mortality; and inadvertent administration of rubella vaccine to women shortly before or during pregnancy.
The report of the meeting was published in the WHO Weekly Epidemiological Record on 8 August and has been posted on the GACVS web site at Link "
Wat is GACVS
"The Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety was established in 1999 to respond promptly, efficiently, and with scientific rigour to vaccine safety issues of potential global importance."
Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety
World Health Organization (WHO)
20 Avenue Appia
1211 Geneva 27
Switzerland
Op de conferentie van 17 en 18 Juni 2009 van de GACVS -dit was de 20e bijeenkomst van dit comité, werden de volgende deskundigen uitgenodigd:
"The committee invited additional experts to present evidence
on the safety of influenza, rotavirus, measles, malaria and human
papillomavirus vaccines. Depending on the session, these
experts were affi liated with the United States Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; the Johns
Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, Baltimore,
MD, USA; Bern University, Berne, Switzerland; the European
Medicines Agency, London, United Kingdom; Merck Research
Laboratories, West Point, PA, USA; and GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals,
Rixensart, Belgium."
Zit hier iemand bij die kritisch is ? Is dit allemaal bedrijfsleven ?!
Hoe wordt er omgesprongen met de boordeling van Vaccins ?
"The committee concluded that the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine
has an acceptable safety profile, although data are available only on a relatively small number of children. During
the course of presentations, the safety profi le of the AS01 adjuvant was reviewed; this adjuvant is delivered
with a number of experimental vaccines, mostly in adult volunteers during phase I studies. This review gave additional
assurance of the safety of the vaccine under consideration. " Bron Link Weekly epidemiological nr 32
van 2009 pagina 2 onderaan
Op pagina drie van de zelfde nieuwsbrief:
"In April 2009, WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts
(SAGE) reviewed recent data on the effectiveness
and safety of 2 rotavirus vaccines the pentavalent RV5
(RotaTeq,® Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA)
and the monovalent RV1 (Rotarix,® GlaxoSmithKline
Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium). Based on its review of
the evidence, SAGE recommended that vaccination
against rotavirus be included for infants in all national
immunization programmes. Introduction of the vaccine
is strongly recommended in countries where deaths
from diarrhoeal diseases account for ≥10% of mortality
among children aged <5 years.4"
Verder wordt er in die pagina RotaShield genoemd als naam van een vaccin.
"The data on Rotarix and RotaTeq support the safety and effectiveness of both new rotavirus vaccines. The level of risk of intussusception identified with the previous vaccine (RotaShield,®) (Link) can be ruled out with confidence, and
there may be no increased risk since neither Rotarix nor RotaTeq has given a signal of increased risk. It has
been hypothesized that giving rotavirus vaccines outside of the recommended ages may be associated with
an increased risk of intussusception. No adequate data directly support this hypothesis, and the committee
concluded that even if there were a theoretical increase in risk, the benefi ts of vaccination would exceed any
possible risk of intussusception."
Rotashield gaf ernstige problemen met de darmen en werd snel weer van de markt gehaald. Zie de Link
Op pagina 5 staan de volgende door de WHO geconstateerde risico's van vaccins genoemd:
"The swine infl uenza vaccines used in the United States in 1976 were associated with
a small but signifi cant risk of Guillain–Barré syndrome developing during the 8 weeks after immunization. The
attributable risk among those who were vaccinated was approximately 1 case/100 000 people vaccinated.
(Als deze cijfers kloppen en niet te rooskleurig zijn, en je zet de bevolking op 40 miljoen; zijn dit er een 4000 in Engeland
die nu met dit syndroom zitten ?!)
Wat zijn de kenmerken van dit syndroom?
Onder andere:
- tintelingen en gevoelsverlies (beginnend in de benen; later ook in de armen)
- moeite met lopen
- slikproblemen
- snel toenemende spierzwakte
- ademhalingsproblemen
- verlies van reflexen
- spierverlamming
Ellendig genoeg komen een aantal van deze klachten overeen met wat wordt beschreven van klachten bij kinderen in Egeland na vaccinatie Link Dit zijn gegevens en bericht van 2009 !
"Doctors' reports show that girls of 12 and 13 have experienced convulsions, fever and paralysis after being given the vaccine, which is now administered in schools as part of efforts to prevent women developing cancer. Others suffered nausea, muscle weakness, dizziness and blurred vision, according to a special report drawn up by drug safety watchdogs."
De vraag is met name waarom wij hier in Nederland niets over horen !
vervolg nieuwsbrief WHO:
The underlying reasons for the association are unknown. Studies of other infl uenza vaccines since 1976 have
shown either no association with Guillain–Barré syndrome or, in some studies, a very small risk (for example,
an attributable risk of approximately 1 case/1 000 000 vaccinations). Because the new H1N1 infl uenza virus
is derived in part from a swine lineage, the committee discussed the importance of preparing for active
surveillance of cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome in individuals vaccinated with the novel H1N1 vaccines. Surveillance
should include developing common protocols, case defi nitions and assessments of suspected cases to
learn more about Guillain–Barré syndrome. It will be important to obtain baseline rates of the syndrome occurring
among unvaccinated populations, particularly in developing countries, and to be prepared to assess
whether there is an association between Guillain–Barré syndrome and vaccination with novel H1N1 vaccines,
as well as between Guillain–Barré syndrome and infl uenza illness caused by the novel H1N1 virus. Health
authorities in countries capable of conducting active surveillance for the syndrome should collaborate and
communicate to develop common approaches, and results should be shared with WHO so that other countries
using similar vaccines may benefi t from the information. It may also be possible to expand surveillance
for acute fl accid paralysis to all ages in an effort to capture cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome in some lowincome
and middle-income countries. However, the committee emphasized that such surveillance should be
limited to settings where assessment would not interfere with ongoing polio eradication activities. There was
also discussion about which additional laboratory assessments might be conducted as part of clinical trials
of novel H1N1 vaccines to potentially elucidate mechanisms of aberrant immune responses that may predispose
people to Guillain–Barré syndrome."
Pagina 6:
"In view of the use of H1N1 vaccines, countries should
carefully assess the capacity of their systems to monitor
vaccine effectiveness and safety, and to enhance rapid
detection of potential signals. It is of paramount importance
to develop robust and effi cient mechanisms for
notifying cases of adverse events following immunization
that are linked with global networks for analysis
and risk communication. Strengthening the monitoring
of seasonal infl uenza vaccines offers an opportunity to
test the functionality of the systems."
En hoe ziet dat er uit in Nederland ?
Pagina 8:
"The recommendation on the use of measles vaccines
indicates that it is contraindicated in people who are
severely immunocompromised. This reflects the
risk–benefit ratio, since children with low CD4 cell
counts might derive little benefit from the vaccine.
De weeklijkse epidemiological nieuwsbrief van De WHO Link
Een raar verband tussen de WHO en Europa en een sollicitatie van en voor de WHO Link
De onderstaande vacature is voor 1 jaar staat er boven !
"Within WHO Strategic Objective 1 'To reduce the health, social and economic burden of communicable diseases', the overarching objective of the Global Influenza Programme is to reduce the influenza threat to health security through development of global strategies, networks and partnerships for surveillance, capacity strengthening, risk reduction, pandemic preparedness and targeted scientific research.
Description of duties: Ensure that GIP activities at the animal-human interface are coordinated with the animal health, wildlife, and environmental sectors, including FAO and OIE, and with other groups in WHO to address virological and epidemiological surveillance, disease detection, laboratory diagnostic capacity, information sharing, and risk management in human populations at risk. Collate, analyse, and disseminate epidemiological, virological, and ecological data linking human and animal infections with novel influenza viruses, in collaboration with relevant internal and external partners. Organize and convene relevant joint technical consultations to identify and discuss points of common interest and develop mechanisms for filling knowledge gaps and minimizing public health risk. Provide ongoing assessment of national-level, community and individual risk for zoonotic influenza Collaborate with relevant risk management and social mobilization partners for the implementation of risk reduction interventions. Other duties as required by supervisor.
REQUIRED QUALIFICATIONS
Education: Essential Advanced degree in veterinary medicine, with training in respiratory diseases.
Skills: Sound knowledge of influenza and experience in assessing the risk of the disease at the human animal-interface based on virological and epidemiological analysis. Good knowledge of the principal stakeholders as well as an understanding of the UN system. Excellent organizational and analytical skills complemented by good interpersonal and presentation skills. Good communication and writing skills. Excellent computer literacy.
Competencies: 1. Fostering integration and teamwork 2. Building and promoting partnerships across the organization and beyond 3. Respecting and promoting individual and cultural differences
Experience: Essential: At least 7 years of professional work experience related to infectious or zoonotic diseases of which 3-5 years at international level.
Experience in surveillance and risk assessment of infectious diseases; Proven experience in writing reports and technical documents; Proven experience in the organization of meetings and workshops; High level of computer literacy including development and use of databases.
Desirable: Experience in risk assessment and project development and management an advantage. Previous experience in working with UN agencies
Languages: Expert knowledge of English is required. Knowledge of another official UN language is an asset.
Additional Information: A written test may form part of the screening process.
Other similar positions at the same level may be filled from this vacancy notice.
This vacancy is published in English only.
Annual salary: (Net of tax) USD 64,521 at single rate USD 69,287 with primary dependants Post Adjustment: 84.6 % of the above figure(s). This percentage is to be considered as indicative since variations may occur each month either upwards or downwards due to currency exchange rate fluctuations or inflation. Voor meer informatie: Link
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