11.03.9 KEYWORDS

· Alcohols – Homologous Series with general formula C_nH_2n+2O and functional group –O-H

· Fermentation – making alcohols from sugar solution using yeast

· Yeast – micro-organism used in fermentation

· Carboxylic Acid – weak acids with general formula C_nH_2nO2 and functional group –COOH

· Condensation Reaction – reaction in which two smaller substances combine to make a larger one and some water (or other small compound)

· Esters – products of condensation reaction between Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids. Good solvents. Strong smell

· Condensation Polymerisation – making a polymer by condensation reactions

· Amino Acids – substances containing the Carboxylic Acid functional group (COOH) and an Amino functional group (-NH₂)

· Glycine – the simplest Amino Acid ( H₂NCH₂COOH )

· Polypeptides – long molecules formed by condensation reactions between Amino Acids, usually in a regularly repeating pattern

· Proteins – polypeptides from many different amino acids, without a repeating pattern.

· DNA – Natural polymer that encodes genetic information in a double helix containing pairs of nucleotides

· Nucleotides – the monomer units in DNA

· Cellulose – Natural polymer that makes up cell wall, polymer made from sugars

· Starch – Natural polymer used to store energy, polymer made up of sugars