11.01.8 KEYWORDS

· Finite – Will run out

· Ancient Biomass – remains of living things from millions of years ago

· Plankton – simple life in the ocean

· Hydrocarbon – substance containing only Carbon & Hydrogen

· Alkane – hydrocarbon with only single bonds

· Saturated – only contains single bonds

· Unsaturated – contains at least one double bond

· Displayed formula – formula showing every atom & every bond

· Molecular formula – formula that counts each type of atom eg C₆H₁₄

· Homologous series – family of compounds with same general formula and same functional group

· Functional group – part of a compound where reactions happen

· Fraction – group of similar sized hydrocarbons from oil with similar properties

· Fractional Distillation – splitting crude oil into fractions by evaporating and condensing

· Viscosity – stickiness/thickness

· Flammability – how easy it is to set fire to a compound

· Complete Combustion – burning when all Carbon atoms become CO2 (plenty of Oxygen available)

· Incomplete Combustion – burning in limited Oxygen, some CO and C made

· Cracking – process that breaks long alkanes into more useful shorter alkanes and alkenes

· Steam Cracking – method of cracking that involves steam and produces lots of Ethene

· Catalytic Cracking – method of cracking by passing hot alkanes over solid catalyst, less reliable at making Ethene

· Alkenes – unsaturated hydrocarbons with general formula CnH2n

· Polymers – very long chain molecules used to make “plastics”