The European research laboratory has an analysis software name ROOT. It is a very popular with nuclear and particle physics research. It is written in C++ with an extensive list of classes and methods. You can find the documentation on the main webpage.
ROOT can be run in many different ways. There is the interactive browser on the command line, interactive mode with a macro script, and in an executable.
Go through the Getting Started link on the main ROOT page.
Important topics are functions (TF1 class), histograms (TH1 class), trees (TTree class), and file I/O. Definitely, try macro examples on these topics.