Armstrong, Jeanette. 1996 “Sharing One Skin: The Okanagan Community.” Pp. 460-470in Jerry Mander and Edward Goldsmith (eds.), The Case Against the Global Economy, San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books.

Jeannette Armstrong’s parents come from different cultures which come with different responsibilities. Her mother is River Indian and their responsibilities are the fisheries in their territory. Her father comes from the mountain people to whom she’s associated with through his side. Armstrong talks about an Okanagan world. Everything in this world connects back to the Earth, and that there is a dream world and physical one. The four capacities she mentioned were: the physical, emotional, thinking intellectual and spiritual self. Today’s way of communication disconnects people from interacting physically. Armstrong believes that in order to protect future generations, people must come together as a community.

(Kiowa), Perry G. Horse. “Native American Identity.” Wiley Online Library, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 8 Mar. 2005, onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ss.154

Native Americans are shifting into the ways of white people. The languages of some Native American tribes are being forgotten as well as the traditional ways. The article explains the two terms used to call our people living in the U.S. How one is more fitting than the other. The society now is all about white privilege and how we as native people have trouble with our own identity.

Pellow, David. (2004). The Politics of Illegal Dumping: An Environmental Justice Framework. Qualitative Sociology. 27. 511-525. 10.1023/B:QUAS.0000049245.55208.4b.

A case study done in 1995, found that lower class or people of color, were more susceptible to being exposed to environmental hazards. During the 1990s in Chicago where the Latino and African American communities resided, debris from construction and such were dumped in the neighborhoods. Activist Mary McDowell as well as others fought against the poor conditions. I think that people living in lower class communities deal with these types of issues because they can’t do much about it.

American Anthropologist , Apr. - Jun., 1912, New Series, Vol. 14, No. 2 (Apr. -

Jun., 1912), pp. 226-242

The article discusses the connections between culture, language and the environment. About how the environment can have impact on a person and shape him. Another thing mentioned is religion, ethical standards, political organization and art. This article was mostly about language and how it changed and varied from different cultures. One thing I could make a connection from was the how it talked about having one word that has multiple meanings in contrast to the english language which has words for everything.

"Years ago I met a; An indigenous Yanomami leader and shaman from Brazil shares his views on wealth, the environment and politics." Guardian [London, England], 30 Dec. 2014. Gale General OneFile, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A397865896/ITOF?u=nm_s_santafeis&sid=ITOF&xid=04fc9104.

Davi Kopenawa Yanomami, an influential tribal leader and given the title of the Dalai Lama of the Rainforest, travelled around representing indigenous peoples and from this he obtained a perspective of the western culture. Yanomami shared his viewpoint on England, western wealth, shopping, New York, weatern cities, global warming, war, work, politics, drinking, illness, environment, conversation, destruction and age. From these things he learned about how white people live, how they go on in life oblivious to the pollution, homeless people, those in need. Instead they focus on working, money, buying fancy cars and houses, continuing to destroy the Earth.

When he talked about shopping, the way I understood it was that the things we buy are being made in factories and those factories are polluting the earth. People always want shiny new things and ignore the harmful effects. In New York it’s always busy, tall buildings blocking the sky, homeless people on the streets and selfish business men who keep the money to themselves instead of helping others. Yanomami, I think, is trying to make people stop and realize how people live, and to appreciate the world around them. He wants those who live comfortably to give to the people in need, and live life slow.

Lewis, David Rich. “Native Americans and the Environment: A Survey of Twentieth-Century Issues.” American Indian Quarterly, vol. 19, no. 3, 1995, pp. 423–450. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/1185599.

This article talked about the changing environment for natives when Europeans came, and how this changed the land physically and culturally. The things mentioned were: Agriculture and ranching, forests, watersheds, hunting and fishing, water, natural resource mining and pollution, atomic threat, urbanization and reservations and other things that changed. The world would be a lot different if these things weren’t the way they are now. In the beginning I was able to draw a connection to what was said about having that relationship with physical environments and how it shapes us. The land provides us with the things we need and in the beginning it’s all our people had.

Meehan, Sarah. “You Asked: Why Is There so Much Litter in Baltimore? We Dug into the City's Trash Problem.” Baltimoresun.com, 18 June 2019, www.baltimoresun.com/ask/bs-md-ci-hearken-trash-20190502-story.html.

In the city of Baltimore trash is littering the lots and curbs but managing it is tough for them to do because when compared to other crimes and poverty, its considered a smaller issue. The city has 600,000 residents, and Baltimore’s Solid Waste Bureau doesn’t have the right numbers to match up and clean up after them. The already piled up trash littering the city encourages others to do the same as well. In the article there was a professor, Theresa DiDonato, who said that if someone were to be in a place that was already littered with trash then a person is more inclined to do so as well, the same goes for being in a clean surround you’d be more likely to keep it that way. In efforts to keep the city clean 9 million dollars was used to give out trash cans to households. Community groups were formed which includes neighborhood organizations and the city officials that work to clean the streets. In the end community clean ups seemed to work the best in cleaning up the trash in Baltimore.

Kummer, Frank. “Philly Spends $48 Million a Year to Clean up Litter, Pa. Report Finds.” Https://Www.inquirer.com, The Philadelphia Inquirer, 7 Feb. 2020, www.inquirer.com/science/climate/philadelphia-pennsylvania-litter-recycling-20200206.html.

$48 million dollars is spent yearly in Philadelphia to deal with the trash littering the streets and neighborhoods. Because of the tourist, businesses and restaurants it brings more trash. A solution to solve their littering problem was to increase solid waste and recycling supplies and educating young children about it. Additionally a survey was done to see what others think about it and almost everyone saw it as a problem that negatively affects their community. They also said that it’s hard to catch someone or fine them for littering because no one sees it happen.