Understanding College Admissions


The first part of planning for college is understanding what factors colleges consider when looking at a student profile.

WHAT COLLEGES CONSIDER?

Quality/Rigor of Academic Course

Challenge yourself with a rigorous course load and high-level classes, including AP and honors courses, as well as community college courses while in high school. Colleges look to see if students took the most challenging courses available to them and did well.

Academic Performance/ Grades

  • Grades: Every year counts, starting with freshman year.

  • GPA trends: Keep improving through every grade.

  • Class rank: (if offered by your high school).

Test Scores

*NOTE - UC will not consider SAT or ACT test scores when making admissions decisions or awarding scholarships. If you choose to submit test scores as part of your application, they may be used as an alternative method of fulfilling minimum requirements for eligibility or for course placement after you enroll.

UC Admissions

*NOTE - CSU has temporarily suspended the SAT or ACT test requirements only for students applying for admission in fall 2022 as freshman. This means that SAT and ACT scores will not be used for determining who gets admitted into the CSU.

The California State University


Tests that colleges consider are: ACT, SAT, SAT Subject Tests™, AP® tests, etc. While many schools are no longer requiring ACT/SAT tests for the 2020-2022 applications, it is important to check with your colleges choices.

If you are required to take the ACT/SAT, many students take them twice, once in their junior year and once in their senior year in hopes of improving. Make sure to know whether the college looks only at your highest score or all scores when deciding when and how many times to take the test.

Essays

Personal statement and essay(s) demonstrating writing ability and self-expression. They are a great way to tell your story and share your personality. This also serves as a first impression so be sure that you check grammar, spelling, and punctuation.

Extracurricular Activities

Colleges look at extracurricular activities in- and out-of- school. This can include participation in clubs/organizations, sports, performing/visual arts, etc.

In particular, colleges look at quality of involvement, which means length of involvement, increase in responsibility, and leadership involvement.

Volunteer work / Employment

Volunteer work, employment, and internships are also up for consideration.

Volunteer work can demonstrate commitment to a cause or community. Often times college want to envision what role you would play on campus and what your passions are and your vounteer work can demonstrate those passions and commitments. For example, if you are a biology major interested in being pre-med, volunteering at a children's hospital or low-income community clinic can help strengthen your application and demonstrate your dedication to this path. Do not focus so much on the amount of hours rather highlight what you have done, why you do it, and what you have gotten out of it (skills, learned lessons, impact to your community/cause, etc.).

With employment, make sure that work is not affecting your grades. If you have to work in order to help support your family or yourself, it is a good idea to mention that perhaps in the additional information section of an application because that puts it into perspective why you may be putting time and energy here rather than in other areas. As with volunteer work, if your employment is related to the major you are pursuing or later career goals, it is good to mention that as well because it demonstrates dedication, drive, and passion. If it does not, it may still be helpful to highlight skills (leadership, teamwork, communication, etc.) you have learned in that job that make you a better student or individual the admissions committee would want on campus.

Letter(s) of Recommendation

Positive recommendations from teachers, counselors, and mentors can go a long way.

Here are tips on "How to Ask for a Letter of Recommendation for College" and take a look at our page Letters of Recommendation Tips.

Additional Considerations

Resume

      • Create a resume that highlights your interests and passions, while highlighting "quality of involvement" and leadership. It is best to have a resume that demonstraes devotion of time and attention to a few areas, rather than a variety of scattered activities.

"Demonstrated Interest"

      • Going on a college visit and/or talking with admission officers can point to how much you want to attend. Applying early decision also demonstrates your interest.

Interview

      • Whether the interview is with an admissions officer or alumni interviewer, be prepared and dress appropriately (it is always best to overdress, rather than underdress). Discuss why you are a good fit for the incoming class and the institution. This is also a great opportunity to get to know the college and ask any questions that you may have. Asking questions are another great way to demonstrate interest, though be sure not to ask questions that can easily be found online or in materials sent by the school, as that can point to a lack of interest/research into the school.


Importance of each factor

Different colleges take different factors into account when deciding on admissions and place a different level of importance. It may be a good idea to take a look at what factors your top college choices value so that you can adjust your application to make sure you are highlighting relevant factors. If you would like to see what factors colleges identify as very important, important, considered, or not considered you can search that online. Google search "[school's name] common data set", click on the page, go to the most recent data set, and scroll down on the pdf to the "First-time, first-year admission" section.

NOTE: Importance of factors can change from year to year, so use last years ranking of importance only as a guide.

Here is an example of University of Southern California's importance of admissions factors for the 2020-2021 year:

https://oir.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/CDS_2020-2021.pdf

University of California Admissions Factor rankings

This is data gathered from each college's 2020-2021 common data set. This is how they each ranked the importance of various factors involved in the 2020-2021 admissions cycle.