SDCA Journal of Biological Research

Abstract

Glyphosate is an herbicide widely used all over the world that was first discovered during 1970 by John E. Franz, a science fellow at the Monsanto company. Furthermore, this was later known as Round-up as it became the trademark of glyphosate after it was released in the market in 1974. In this study, the normal saline solution (NSS), glyphosate concentration (5%, 10%, 15%) as well as the morphological effects of glyphosate on the embryological development of G. gallus domesticus (Domestic chicken) on days 14 and 19 were determined. Based on the results, wet mass of control group and NSS, as well as the embryo mass of control group were significantly different from 5%, 10%, and 15% of day 14 for having a p value less than 0.05. Moreover, wet mass of NSS and control group was significant to all other 3 groups of day 19. Also, there were no significant difference found on the external morphology of the embryo from all groups during day 14. However, during day 19 wings were significantly different from 5%-NSS (p <0.049), and 5%-control (p <0.024), 15%-NSS (p <0.018), and 15%-control (p <0.008). Furthermore, tibia was also determined to have significant difference from 5%-NSS (p <0.050), 10%-NSS (p <0.010), and 15%-NSS (p <0.004). Moreover, significant difference from internal organs were identified in the heart during day 14 of 15%-control (p <0.019), and NSS-control (p <0.048). Thus, exposure to glyphosate even in the lowest concentrations could affect the growth and development of the embryo. Moreover, survivability was based on the concentration of glyphosate, indicating that exposure to higher concentration has lower chance of survivability.

Keywords: Glyphosate, Roundup, Gallus gallus domesticus (domestic chicken).