Mulberry Breeding and Genetics
Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
Project Title :Identification of mulberry genotypes for coastal salinity through chemo and bioassay tests.
Personnel : Agastian P, Simiyon Thooder
Funding Source :Central Silk Board
Project Period : 1983-1986
Objectives :To screen mulberry genotypes by performing morphological, biochemical physiological parameters coupled with chemo and bio-assays.
Results/Recommendations : BC259 and S30 are most suited for coastal salinity during the severe summer in view of their good response to leaf productivity with quality (chemo-assay) and their capacity to withstand water stress conditions possibly with a minimal loss of water through transpiration. In fact, BC259 was most suited for all seasons (winter, summer and monsoon) as well.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu.
Project Title :In vitro culture studies in mulberry genotypes-Studies on taxonomic characterization of mulberry.
Personnel : Shajahan A, Ganapathi A
Funding Source :Central Silk Board, India
Project Period :1991-1994
Objectives :
· To develop an efficient micro propagation technique.
· To evaluate the efficiency of different explants on callus induction and somatic embryogenesis.
· To establish cell suspension culture from embryogenic calli and to study the growth rate in suspension culture.
· To identify the ontogenic pathway of somatic embryogenesis.
· To study the effect of auxin and media nutrients on the induction of embryogenensis.
· To analyze quantitatively the protein and esterase pattern of embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli.
· To standardize the culture for in vitro flower induction and to study the effect of nutrients and hormones on flower induction.
Results/Recommendations :Micro propagation system developed in the present for Morus alba variety MR2 has been shown to produce greater number of plants than others reported earlier. Although a comparative study was conducted with 7 genotypes including MR2, significant variation was observed between most of these genotypes.
A technique for induction of somatic embryos was standardized. The present report on induction of somatic embryos in cell suspension culture of Morus alba variety MR2 is claimed to be to the first report on somatic embryogenesis in the genus Morus. Further, ontogenic and histological analysis confirmed the formation of somatic embryos.
A protocol for induction of in vitro flowering was standardized for the genotype MR2. These flowers, in vitro developed into fruits in the same culture condition and hence this technique can be extended to in vitro fertilization also. In this study in vitro flowering technique was standardized for the female genotype and this basic understanding can be useful to evolve the technique for the male genotype also.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry genotypes for drought resistance in alkaline soil.
Personnel :Dorcus
Funding Source :CSIR, India
Project Period : -1995
Objectives :
· Screening of varieties for drought resistance based on field performance under induced-water stress.
· Exploitation of drought resistance potential coupled with higher leaf yield and cocoon crop in mulberry genotypes in alkaline soil.
Results/Recommendations :The mulberry genotype, S13 has the genomic potential to thrive the vagaries of monsoon, marginal to higher water deficit conditions and scorching temperatures as it prevails in an arid environment. Ideal genotype like S13 for drought resistance with all economic characters infact also depicted.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Agronomy
Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Utilization of saline soil for mulberry cultivation and cocoon production.
Personnel :. Vivekanandan M
Funding Source :Central Silk Board, India
Project Period :1990-1993
Objectives :Screening of 12 genotypes to find out the most saline tolerant genotypes by planting in the saline coastal regions of Tamil Nadu near Vedaranyam.
Results/Recommendations :Based on chemo and bio assay test as well as elemental nutritional uptake by different mulberry genotypes, the most saline tolerant mulberry genotype BC259 was recommended for saline soil.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Mulberry Physiology
Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :In vitro studies on salt tolerance in mulberry-Application of in vitro selection principle to improve mulberry productivity.
Personnel : Kathiravan K, Ganapathi A
Funding Source :Central Silk Board, India
Project Period :1991-1995
Objectives :
· To screen 8 mulberry verieties against salt stress with a view to select promising genotype for further experiments on the basis of shooting and rooting efficiency and ionic accumulation.
· To develop an efficient in vitro regeneration from callus.
· To conduct artificial inoculation with three different ectomycorrhizal strains at the hardening stage to find out their effect on mulberry.
· To develop an in vitro selection protocol with a view to evolve salt tolerant cell line.
· To standardize a protocol for the regeneration of plantlets from the selected cell line.
Results/Recommendations :
· Increasing NaCl concentrations reduced the shoot and root development. Lower concentration of NaCl (0.2%) stimulated the growth increased the biomass and morphogenic potential.
· MR2, Kosen and M5 showed higher salt tolerance than other varieties studied and exhibited better shoot and root growth as well as accumulated more Na+, K+, Cl- and organic solute proline.
· The indirect regeneration from callus is a pre-requisite to get the improved genotype from in vitro manipulation experiment. Efficient regeneration from hypocotyl callus has been established.
· Application of ectomycorrhizae during the hardening stage was studied using three strains namely, Pisolithus tinctorius, Laccaria laccata-I and II.
· The cultivar MR2 a popular cultivated variety, was selected for the present study on the basis of in vivo screening.
· 0.5% NaCl concentration was found to be optimum for the cell selection, above which the cells of the callus failed to proliferate.
· Accumulation of Na, Cl and Proline was more in the selected calli, whereas the K and Ca concentrations decreased significantly.
· Protein profile studies revealed the presence of higher quantity of proteins in the stress free calli and lower quantity of protein in the calli under stress, thereby indicating the usage of proteins in adjusting stress conditions.
· Histological examination showed that the cells of the selected callus have larger cells with larger vacuole and peripheral nuclei, and these were not found in the control.
· Regenerated plantlets from non-selected calli survived and attained full maturity. The salt tolerant cell lines produced albino and rarely normal plants, which failed to survive. It is suggested that further fine tuning of salt and hormonal combination is necessary for the production of normal viable salt tolerant cultivar from the selected cell line.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :The nutritional quality of mulberry leaves in relation to their age and variety and its effect on silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Janarthanan S
Project Period :1991-1996
Objectives :
· Study the differences in the nutritional factors such as moisture, total soluble protein, soluble carbohydrates, total lipid, crude fibre and minerals as they occur in the leaves at different stages of maturity and four indigenous (MR2, S34, M5, and C1) varieties of mulberry.
· To study the phytochemical differences exhibited by the different varieties of mulberry on the one hand and the leaves of different ages of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations : The age and variety of the mulberry leaf used as feed have a profound influence on many parameters in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. This work has shown that tender leaves, particularly of Ichinose variety have the greatest effect on the growth and development in silkworm larvae.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization : Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Changes in nitrogen metabolism during water stress in mulberry (Morus alba L.).
Personnel : Ranjitha Kumari BD, Veeranjaneyulu K
Project Period :1988-1990
Objectives: To study the nitrogen metabolism during water stress in mulberry (Morus alba L.).
Results/Recommendations :A mild stress has little effect, while moderate stress at prolonged treatment, severe and very severe stress from initial stages have significant effects in modulating the physiological processes of the plant.
Source of Information : Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Physiological and biochemical studies on different varieties of mulberry in relation to silkworm rearing.
Personnel : Thangamani R
Funding Source :CSIR, India
Project Period : -1995
Objectives :
· To study 7 different available varieties of mulberry for their growth, productivity and nutritional superiority.
· To evaluate a better variety for sericulturists of Tamil Nadu and also to deal with the possible utilization of tukra-diseased mulberry leaves as a silkworm feeding material.
Results/Recommendations :The results of the biochemical analysis of diseased leaves compared well with that of the normal and healthy leaves and the successful rearing of silkworm larvae on tukra diseased mulberry leaves confirmed the suitability of the diseased leaves as harmless feed for the silkworm larvae. Hence a portion of the total leaf yield affected by tukra disease, which was being wasted hitherto, can be effectively utilized in silkworm rearing.
From the above study on biochemical analysis, effect of different fertilizers on total leaf yield per unit area, transpiration and photosynthetic capacities as well as from silkworm rearing experiments MR2, C1, Japan and Kitchili varieties of mulberry leaves were found suitable for silkworm rearing under the climatic conditions of Tamil Nadu in general and Tiruchirapalli in particular.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Effects of sodium chloride salinity on mulberry.
Personnel : Shaik S, Mohamed Anas
Funding Source :Central Silk Board, India
Project Period : -1996
Objectives :To assess the saline tolerance of mulberry genotypes.
Results/Recommendations :In vitro saline tolerance was conducted in eight mulberry genotypes by screening them against sodium chloride salinity (10-100mM) of these genotypes based on root and shoot tolerant indices TR4, TR10, S54, Kosen, MR2 genotypes were found to be saline tolerance and the other genotypes where totally susceptible to salinity. Concentration ration higher than 50 mµ NaCl salinity were found to be toxic to both rooting and sprouting in all the varieties.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Silkworm Physiology
Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :A study on the hydrolyzed soya protein supplementation to the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Subbu Rathinam KM
Funding Source :World Bank (National Sericulture Project)
Project Period :1991-1996
Objectives :To evaluate the suitability of the chosen supplementary nutrient by assessing the following parameters
· Bioassay analysis, Protein profile studies,
· Nutritional indices,
· Economic characters of larvae and pupae.
Results/Recommendations :Based on the lab results, elaborate on-farm studies (lab-to-land programme) and cost-benefit analysis were performed; these studies clearly demonstrated that supplementation of the diet with hydrolyzed soy protein had beneficial effects on the silkworm, Bombyx mori.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Studies on the toxic effects of insecticides Monocrotophos and Cypermethrin on the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Balasubramanian U
Project Period :1992-2000
Objectives :
· Bioassay analysis of Mnocrotophos and Cypermethrin to the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori.
· Sub-lethal effect of Monocrotophos and Cypermethrin on the protein profile of the haemolymph and the economic characters of larvae and pupae.
· Sub-lethal influence of Monocrotophos and Cypermethrin on the nutritional indices.
Results/Recommendations :The results of the present study revealed that the sub lethal doses of Monocrotophos and Cypermethrin have adversely affected the growth and silk production of Bombyx mori L. Hence utmost care be taken while using the insecticides in and around mulberry field.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Studies on the Casitose (P & PH) supplementation to the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Ravikumar G
Project Period :1992-2000
Objectives :
· To observe the effect of P-casitose and PH-casitose supplementation on the reproductive potentiality of female moth.
· To study the effect of P-casitose and PH-casitose supplementation on the economic characters of larvae and pupae and also study the haemolymph protein profile.
Results/Recommendations :The supplementation of the diet with hydrolyzed casitose protein had beneficial effects on the silkworm B. mori. PH-casitose supplementation was found to be more effective for enhancement of the beneficial characters of silkworm B. mori.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Control of silk gene expression by dietary protein in the fifth
instar larvae of Bombyx mori.
Personnel : Nirmala X
Project Period :1993-1999
Objectives :
· To analyze the influence of soya protein supplementation on the activity of gut protease.
· To study the effect of soya protein supplementation on the cocoon shell and silk gland weight and the rate of synthesis of silk proteins in the silk glands.
· To determine the effect of dietary protein on the levels of fibroin transcripts in the silk glands.
Results/Recommendations : The results prove unequivocally that supplementation of soya protein increases the amounts of silk fibroin synthesized, by increasing the levels of the fibroin mRNA, which is reflected on the economic characters of B. mori. The signal for this is thought to be the higher amounts of amino acids released upon digestion of mulberry along with soya protein.
Source of Information :Ph.D Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Heterogenity of fat body and their physiological importance for the improvement of silkworm Bombyx mori development.
Personnel :Krishnan M, Vanishree V
Funding Source :International Foundation for Science, Sweden
Project Period :1996-1999
Objectives :
· To identify the peripheral and perivisceral tissues and examine their morphological differences.
· To examine the functional differences between peripheral and perivisceral fat body tissues with respect to synthesis, secretion and sequestration of storage proteins.;
Results/Recommendations :Although peripheral, dorsal and ventral perivisceral fat body tissues possessed the synthetic capacities, at varying degrees, peripheral and dorsal perivisceral tissues were the site of storage protein synthesis while ventral perivisceral tissue seemed to be the exclusive site of vitellogenin synthesis besides being specialized for the selective storage of storage, protein polypeptides. It is suggested that in addition to Heliothis zea, fat body heterogenity existed in the lepidopteran, Bombyx mori.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Nutritional and hormonal impact on vitellogenin synthesis in silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Mohideen Batcha M.
Project Period :1997-2002
Objectives :To find out the effect of soya protein (hydrolyzed soya protein, P-soyatose) and methoprene (J-H analogue) both individually and in combination on vitellogenin synthesis and egg production in silkworm, Bombyx mori.
Results/Recommendations :The present study shows by the augmentation of P-soyatose or methoprene or their combinations vitellogenesis increases.
Source of Information :Ph.D. Thesis
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Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Studies on the effects of a non-steroidal ecdysteroid agonist Methoxyfernozide (RH2485) on mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Personnel : Krishnan M, Rajathi A
Project Period :1998-2002
Objectives :
· To find out the acute and sub-lethal in vivo effect of Methoxyfenozide (RH-2485) on larval growth and development of 5th nstar.
· To carry out the sub lethal effects of RH2485 on major haemolymph and fatbody proteins during the development of 5th instar.
· To provide evidences for the influence of RH2485 on ovarian development, vitellogenin incorporation and egg production of silkworm, Bombyx mori.
Results/Recommendations :Bioassay conducted to demonstrate the action of RH2485 on ovarian development and Vg incorporation in isolated pupal abdomen (IPA) revealed that spreading of the ovarioles and vitellogenin incorporation into the oocytes after RH2485 treatment. The protein profile of the ovary revealed high intensities at 180, 72, 44 and 30 kDa regions in the RH2485 treated IPA on day 8 of pupal age. The 64kDa polypeptide, the light sub-unit of egg specific protein was absent in the IPA treated with RH2485. Further, the eggs in the ovarioles of the IPA did not have any protective chorion. The IPA without RH2485 did not show any indication of yolk protein incorporation. Therefore, RH2485 was found to induce ovarian growth, and vitellogenin incorporation, but choriogenesis was found to be affected.
This study strongly supports the classical scheme by providing evidences for the powerful larvicidal activity of RH-2485. The study also reveals the versatile and complex action of this mimic on ovarian maturation and egg production in silkworm Bombyx mori.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Extension
Project No.:BDU
Organization :Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Improvement of sericulture in Tamil Nadu through exploitation of drought resistance of different mulberry varieties.
Personnel : Vivekanandan M
Funding Source :CSIR, India
Project Period :1989-1991
Objectives :To evaluate the best mulberry genotypes for drought tolerance.
Results/Recommendations :As many as 22 different mulberry genotypes were taken for the analysis of drought tolerance in Tamil Nadu climatic conditions by with holding water. Among all the mulberry genotypes S13 was most promising based on chemo and bio-assay test.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Project No.:BDU
Organization : Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Some observations on the fundamental sericultural and other economic aspects of mulberry.
Personnel : Natarajan R, Periyasamy K
Project Period :1990-1992
Objectives :To study several aspects of the complex activity of sericulture with regard to its biological, agricultural, technical and economic aspects.
Results/Recommendations :
· As a plantation crop mulberry could yield fruits to the tune of 500 kg per acre per annum amounting to a value of around Rs. 7,500. The fruits were edible and could be used for making jam, jellys and squashes while the unripe fruits could be used for making pickles.
· Silkworm feeding trials indicated that the yield of cocoon, eight of individual cocoon and percentage of cocoons were related to the quality and freshness of leaves supplied to the silkworms.
· Biochemically mulberry latex contained several amino acids and minerals. The latex of M5 variety differed from that of C1 in having a set of four amino acids, different from those of former. A set of four amino acids were common to both varieties.
· Besides its principal use as silkworm feed, mulberry leaves could be used as cattle feed, manure and fodder for goats. The bark had medicinal properties and could also serve for extraction of fibers. Mulberry wood had multifarious uses, as in bat, box, toy furniture making as well as in building construction.
· Sericultural wastes also had several uses such as manure, cattle food, fish meal and raw material for gobar gas (Biogas) plants.
· On the whole mulberry should not be considered merely as a sericultural plant. It is of immense value in afforestation, horticulture, biomass production, fencing, gardening and in scientific studies. It could be grown safely anywhere to improve the environment and human life.
Source of Information : From the project personnel
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Project No.:BU
Organization :Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu
Project Title :Growth promoting effect of plant compounds on silkworm.
Personnel : Murugan K, Jeyabalan D, Senthilkumar N, Sivaramakrishna S
Funding Source :Bharathiar University
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :
· To know the growth & development of silkworm fed with plant extract treated mulberry leaf
· To know the feed utilization efficiencies of Bombyx mori L fed on plant extract treated leaf.
Results/Recommendations :
· Tridax procumbens, Croton sparciflorus and Cleodendron inermae significantly increased the larval weight (4.15, 3.93 & 3.41 g, respectively), silk gland weight (0.56, 0.56, 0.41 g, respectively) and silk filament length (948, 902 & 842 m, respectively) over the control (1.15 g, 0.18 g and 480 m, respectively).
· Food utilization efficiency was also found better in these botanicals fed larvae.
· Any one of these botanicals may be given to 3rd instar larvae to get very good economic characters.
Source of information :Completed Project Report
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Mulberry Breeding and Genetics
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :All India Coordinated experimental trial for mulberry (AICEM) Phase-II.
Personnel : Dutta AK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2001-2005
Objectives :Evaluation of superior mulberry varieties suitable for agro climatic zone of Assam.
Results/Recommendations :It is observed that leaf yield, moisture retention capacity of MV8 (22.98m ha-1yr-1) and MV4 (20.58m ha-1yr-1) are at par in respect of higher production. MV8 and MV4 are superior entries in respect of leaf yield and bioassay studies also indicated better ERR and SR% and suitable for agro climatic conditions of Assam.
Project outcome: MV8 and MV4 new varieties identified for agro climatic conditions of Assam.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2004-05
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Agronomy
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Assessment of phosphorus and potassium requirements for mulberry based on Mitscherlich Bray concept.
Personnel :Dutta AK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2001-2005
Objectives :To identify a mechanism for phosphatic and potassic fertilizer based on soil nutrient status.
Results/Recommendations :There is a relation between the doses of fertilizer and biomass production. But by this method actual doses of phosphatic and potassic fertilizers are used in 3’x3’ spacing of mulberry variety S1635 are treated as T1=N150Po K50, T2=N150P15K50, T3=N150P30K50, T4=N150P45K50, T5=N150P60K50 and another proportion is applied as T1=N150P50K0, T2=N150P50K15, T3=N150P50K30, T4= N150P50K45, T5=N150P50K60. But by this method actual doses of phosphatic and potassic fertilizers can be estimated by putting soil test value and biomass production.
Project outcome :A ready reckoner of phosphatic fertilizer recommendation for mulberry for Brahmaputra valley alluvial soil condition has been developed.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-05
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Silkworm Breeding and Genetics
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Survey, collection and management of various available indigenous and exotic breeds of silkworm.
Personnel :Thangavelu K, Mamoni Sahu
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1982-1983
Objectives :To survey collection and maintenance of various indigenous and exotic breeds of silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :Sarupat is better than Maria with respect to fecundity and ERR and also larval duration is shorter. Cocoon characters appear to be in favour of Maria. The comparison of bivoltine and multivoltine races indicate considerable advantages in rearing the bivoltine, which is quite successful during September/October.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1982-83
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Silkworm Physiology
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Effect of Potassium Iodide on mulberry silkworm.
Personnel : Saratchandra B, Thangavelu K, Bania HR
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1983-1984
Objectives :To study effect of potassium iodide on mulberry silkworm.
Results/Recommendations : Treatment with potassium iodide has many effects on the silkworm Bombyx mori L of the race, Assamese Sarupat. Larval period is reduced by two days on an average. The larval weight cocoon weight of male, shell weight of female and silk ratio% of female were observed to be higher in the treatment.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-84
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Effect of the drug calcium sandoz on mulberry silkworm physiology.
Personnel :Thangavelu K, Saratchandra B, Bania HR
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1983-1984
Objectives :To study the effect of Calcium Sandoz on the silkworm Bombyx mori of Assamese Sarupat race.
Results/Recommendations :
· The larval period is reduced by 3-5 days in all treated lots.
· The 50 and 100mg/ml solution treated lots have given better performance with regard to almost all the factors.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-84
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Entomology
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the ecology, bionomics, prevention and control of the uzi fly Exorista sorbillans, Tricholyga bombycis Beek.
Personnel :Sahu AK, Thangavelu K
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1982-1983
Objectives :
· To study the ecology and bionomics of uzi fly.
· To study seasonal incidence of uzi fly infestation.
· Interspecific preference of uzi fly.
· Studies on pupation in uzi fly Exorista sorbillans Weid.
Results/Recommendations :Eri worms are more aggressive towards the approach of the fly, which was not found in mulberry silkworms, which may probably be attributed to the extent of domestication. The strange pupation behaviour indicates population regulatory process within the species as pupation within the silkworm cocoon, leads to mortality of its individuals. The uzi fly population regulates its individuals through population regulatory process as over population is not in the best interest of any population.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1982-83
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the pests of mulberry and their control measures.
Personnel :Singh BK, Thangavelu K
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1982-1983
Objectives :To study on the insect pests of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Insects like Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Thysanoptera infest mulberry plants and the attack of these pests is through sporadic. Mechanical control by hand picking and destruction is effective, while removal of weeds and clearing of grasses near about the plantation are essential. Sprinkling of 4% formalin solution on the collected samples is also effective.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1982-83
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Survey of uzi fly infestation at rearers level.
Personnel :Saha L, Chanda S
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1995-1996
Objectives :To find out maximum uzi fly infestation period.
Results/Recommendations :In this study survey conducted to assess crop loss at rearers level due to uzi fly infestation revealed 0.16% infestation during April-May, 0.13% during June, 0.27% during July-August, 0.30% during September and 0.26% during October.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1994-95
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Non-Mulberry (Eri Culture)
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Exploration of gene pool in eri silkworm through conservation and evaluation.
Personnel :Subba Rao G, Mariswamy N
Project Period :1975-1980
Objectives :
· To study collection of eri germplasm.
· To study evaluation and identification of germplasm.
Results/Recommendations :The germplasm bank includes 16 lines isolated from heterogenous eri stocks Diphu, Demow, Dhenubhonga and from hybrid eri silkworm Philosamia cynthia x Phylosamia ricini.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Statistical study of quantitative characters of eri races.
Personnel : Dipen Duarah
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1977-1978
Objectives :To study quantitative statistical characters of eri races.
Results/Recommendations :All characters indicated significant differences for economic characters, except for SR% within the lines of CMERs at 10th generation. However, PRW-3 line gave high SR% 13.05 followed by PRWS7 and PRG4 with 12.08% and 12.74% respectively. Differences are significant for characters namely number of eggs/layings, weight of 10 matured larvae and weight of single cocoon within the lines of Demow stock.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-78
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for castor cultivation.
Personnel :Md.Isa, Joshi KL, Thangavelu K, Yadav GS, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1978-1983
Objectives :To study the evaluation of package of practices for castor cultivation.
Results/Recommendations :
· It was evident from the data that T3 treatment (ie., 50% plucking of leaves) offers the best advantage by way of yielding on an average 7430 kg leaves and 995 kg seeds per hectare. The loss of seed yield due to leaf plucking was 13.63% as compared to the control.
· The seed loss is, however, minimum (10.07%) in 25% leaf plucking but the leaf yield was only 3,903.44 kg/ha when compared to 13.63% seed loss and leaf yield of 7,430 kg/ha in 50% leaf plucking.
· Thus 50% leaf plucking offers dual advantage of more leaf yield for eri culture and simultaneously castor seeds for industrial/domestic purposes.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1982-83
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Collection and evaluation of castor strains.
Personnel : Md.Isa, Yadav YS, Sinha SS
Project Period :1979-1982
Objectives :To study the collection and evaluation of castor strains from natural variants.
Results/Recommendations :
· It was observed from the report that RC4 (Diphu red) to be the best among all the castor strains under consideration.
· Out of 30 varieties of castor, 26 have successfully completed their life cycle. It was evident from the data that RC3, RC4, RC5, RC6, RC8, RC9, RC11, RC19 and RC38 are comparatively better varieties, but out of these, RC4 (Diphu non-bloomy red), RC5, RC9, RC6 seem to be promising varieties with respect to average number of nodes, branches, leaf size, length of internode, leaves/plant and weight of 1000 mature leaves.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Isolation and fixation of the pure lines of eri silkworm.
Personnel :Kakaty PK , Prasad GK, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1979-1984
Objectives :To isolate the pure lines of eri silkworm for evaluation for cocoon characters/fecundity etc.
Results/Recommendations :Available data indicate that plain strains of Philosamia ricini have produced the larvae with lesser body weight (6.69 g for yellow and 6.65 g for greenish blue) than spotted strains (7.01 g for yellow and 7.12 g for greenish blue).
Larval period was more with spotted strains (23.4days for yellow and 23.25 days for greenish blue) than plain strains (22.76 days for yellow and 22.62 days for greenish blue).
The values of shell ratio (%), fecundity and hatching (%) were higher in spotted strains (yellow greenish blue) than plain. It was also observed that greenish blue strain was superior to yellow with respect to larval period (22.9 days), shell ratio (12.23%), fecundity (324 eggs/dfl) and hatching percentage (89.63).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-84
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Isolation and fixation of pure lines of eri silkworm (Philosamia ricini Hutt).
Personnel :Vishwarkarma SR, Kakaty PK, Thangavelu K
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :To study isolation and fixation of pure lines of eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :The decreasing trend in fecundity indicates the inbreeding depression in pure lines. The reduction in fecundity increases with the number of generations, however, other characters do not show any inbreeding depression.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Interspecific hybridization between Philosamia ricini and Phylosamia cynthia.
Personnel :Prasad GK, Vishwakarma S, Sinha SS, Thangavelu K.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :To study interspecific hybridization in Philosamia ricini and Philosamia cynthia.
Results/Recommendations :Larval and pupal homozygosity has been achieved from fourth and fifth generation respectively. Inbreeding depression is evident in respect of fecundity and the number of eggs/laying has decreased steadily from 488 to 250 and 366 to 156 in white larvae with red cocoons and green larvae with red cocoon respectively. The steady increase in the larval period may be due to seasonal influence.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on spinning aspects of eri and muga cocoons.
Personnel : Goshwami RC.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1981
Objectives :To study the spinning efficiency of Takuri for eri cocoons and also comparative studies on eri spinning appliances.
Results/Recommendations :
· It could be seen that the production of eri yarn of 19.28snm was 22.20g/manday (i.e., 8 hours). In other words, it would require 45 mandays for producing 1kg yarn of about 10snm. The data further reveals that 728.76g of yarn could be obtained with Takuri from 1kg of eri cut cocoons.
· It could be seen from the above that if the cost factor ratio is taken into account, the spinning of eri yarn over Takuri and Choudhury spinning wheel presents negative economics. Despite this Takuri is widely used throughout Assam/Northeastern region for the simple reason that the spinning is taken up during leisure hours by the family inmates, in particular the women folk. Relevant charges as such are never taken into consideration and the time factor is also not a problem as everything is done at domestic level. Likewise, the cost of raw materials (i.e., cocoons) is also not considered as it is produced by themselves.
· It is only in case of spinning with Ambar charkha to get a net income of Rs.24.5 for every kg of yarn produced. This level of income could still be improved upon with 6 spindled charkha.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for Tapioca cultivation with reference to eri culture.
Personnel :Md.Isa, Thangavelu K, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1981-1984
Objectives :To study effect of leaf harvestation and spacing on the growth and tuber yield of Tapioca.
Results/Recommendations : The results indicate that leaf plucking certainly affect the tuber yield adversely. But loss of tuber due to leaf plucking is minimum if leaves are plucked between 4-5, 5-6 and 8-9 months of plantation. Thus the minimum loss of tuber is 29.52%.
Data revealed that branches are maximum (8.17) in T4 treatment followed by T5 (7.87), T8 (6.07), T2 (5.14) and T1 (1.14). Similar pattern of gradation can be seen for number of nodes and plant height.
The leaf yield is maximum in T1 (10,250kg/ha) followed by T2 (7,846 kg/ha), T5 (7,082 kg/ha), T3 (5900 kg/ha), T4 (5,760 kg/ha).
Tuber yield is maximum in T4 (8,057.14 kg/ha) followed by T2 (6,498.93 kg/ha), T3 (6,025 kg/ha), T5 (5,632.14 kg/ha and T1 (2,221 kg/ha).
From the present observation it can be said that spacing of 120 cm (between plant to plant and row to row is optimum for realizing maximum tuber yield under the agro climatic condition prevailing in Assam.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-84
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Acclimatization of eri silkworm on different food plants.
Personnel :Thangavelu K, Joshi KL, Saratchandra B
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1981-1984
Objectives :To study acclimatization of the silkworm on different food plants.
Results/Recommendations :The average larval weight, larval period, effective rate of rearing, shell ratio, fecundity and hatching are almost similar for the lots fed with leaves of castor and kesseru. Taking seasonal influence into consideration it can be seen that reduction in larval duration and ERR were maximum for castor and kesseru during the quarter January to March.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-84
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for cultivation of eri host plant.
Personnel :Borgohain PN, Singh BK and Charkravarty
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :
· To find out high foliage and tuber yielding of Tapioca variety.
· To sort out the high foliage and seed yield of castor varieties.
· To find out the optimum spacing of Kesseru.
Results/Recommendations :The minimum leaf yield was recorded in H-643 followed by H97, H1423 and local. Highest tuber yield was recorded in H97 followed by H1423. Out of 3 perennial castor varieties Tarai-4 showed highest average height, leaf yield and seed yield. The maximum leaf yield during the year 1990 in two harvests was recorded in T1. 1x1m Spacing followed by 17770 kg/ha/yr in two harvests in T2.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-88
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat Jorhat Assam (RERS).
Project Title :Multilocational trial of different eri silkworm.
Personnel :Phukan JCD, Gogoi SN, Chakravarty R
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1986-1987
Results/Recommendations :Green blue plain showed good performance in all the biological parameters studied that is larval weight (6.7cm), SR% (14.23), ERR%(80.29) and fecundity (347).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-87
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Survey, collection and isolation, maintenance of different eco-races of eri silkworm.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1988-1989
Results/Recommendations :The experiment was initiated in the year 1988 with the collection of 5 eco-races and at present this Institute is maintaining 7 eco-races.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Isolation of eri strains based on larval body colour and marking.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :To sort out the different strains of eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :The experiment for isolation of eri strains was initiated in the year 1988 and so far GB plain, yellow spotted, yellow plain, greenish blue spotted of Titabar race and yellow plain, GB plain, yellow Zebra, G.B Zebra of Borduar race were isolated based on larval body and markings.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Rearing performance of eri silkworm on different host plants.
Personnel :Borah B, Bhuyan N, Borah A, Samson MN
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :
· To sort out the best perennial castor varieties of eri silkworm.
· To sort out the best Tapioca variety for eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :ERR 10000 larvae was maximum in T3 (9333) followed by T4 (8968), Kalpi (8733) and local (7100). Shell weight was maximum in local variety (0.42 g) followed by Tarai-4 (0.38 g), T3 (0.37 g) and Kalpi-6 (0.34 g). The maximum ERR/10,000 larvae were recorded in local variety 5091 followed by H-1423 (2980), H648 (2622) and H97 (2185). Cocoon weight was minimum in the local variety (2.11 g) followed by H1423 (2.07 g), H97 (2.02g) and H648 (1.49 g).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Economics of ericulture.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :To find out required mandays for cultivation of castor in 1000 Sq.mt. of land.
Results/Recommendations :
· Data revealed that 33 mandays were required for plantation.
· Weeding, light hoeing and sowing of castor seeds.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the rate of consumption of food by eri silkworm.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1989-1990
Objectives :To study the rate of consumption of food by eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :The consumption and ingestion of castor leaves was less (84.51% and 68.34%) respectively as compared to Tapioca (90.21% and 69.18%) respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1989-90
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the insect pests on eri host plant.
Personnel :Bhuyan N, Barah A, Samson MN
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1989-1990
Objectives :To find out the insect pests of castor and Kesseru.
Results/Recommendations :The following pests were recorded as pest of eri host plants (castor).
· Bihar hairy caterpillar (Diacrisia obliqua).
· Jassids (Empoasca flavenscens).
· Pod borrer (Spodoptera litura).
· Capsule borrer (Dichocrosis punctiferalis).
· Termite infestation on bark of Kesseru was also observed.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1989-90
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of economics of eri culture by raising castor.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1989-1990
Results/Recommendations :A total of 4,700 kg of leaf can be harvested from 1 acre area plot, which will be sufficient to rear 470 dfls in a year.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1989-90
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for cultivation of eri host plant/Effect of spacing on the growth and foliage yield of Kesseru.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1990-1992
Objectives :To find out the optimum spacing of Kesseru.
Results/Recommendations :The experiment initiated in the Year 1986 and the data during the concluding year (1992) reveal that the T1 recorded the maximum of leaf yield of 28,339 kg/ha/yr and it was followed by T2 (16,363 treatment with kg/ha/yr). Though the leaf yield of 3 replication each or in T1 was more, the girth size of the plants were very poor. The treatments were as follows.T1=1x1 m, T2=2x2 m, T3=3x3 m.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1991-92
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for cultivation of Kesseru/Studies on the effect of NPK on growth and leaf yield of Kesseru.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives :To find out effect of NPK on the growth and leaf yield of Kesseru.
Results/Recommendations :NPK doses of 125:75:25 kg/ha/yr in two split doses in the month of June and December showed highest leaf yield of 11619.43 kg/acre/yr and this can support rearing of 1162 dfls/year.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1993-94
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Project No.:CMER
Organization : Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of package of practices for cultivation of castor.
Personnel :Not available
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1993-1994
Objectives :Not available
Results/Recommendations :In the spacing experiment of castor, highest leaf yield was recorded in 0.75 x 0.75 spacing and it was 18710.03 kg/ha/yr. But percentage of damaged leaf (25.16%) was more in this treatment. But 1x1 m spacing recorded good quality leaves with the highest ERR% of 93.00.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1993-94
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the economics of eri culture with castor cultivation.
Personnel : Saha L, Chanda S
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1994-1996
Objectives :To find out economics of eri culture per unit area with castor plantation.
Results/Recommendations :In this study three treatments (T1:flower plucking followed by recording of leaf yield T2:recording of both seed and leaf yield and T3:control-recording of seed yield without leaf plucking). Average plant height ranged from 4.04mts in T3 to 4.31mt in T1. Average leaf yield per hectare per year was significantly higher in T1 (15,263.33kg) followed by T2 (12,563.67kg). Similarly, seed yield was significantly higher in T3 (452.45kg) as compared to 386.47kg in T2. Profitability analysis revealed that maximum net profit of Rs.24, 948.00 can be obtained through leaf only by plucking the flowers. About 17.70% leaf yield decreased in T2.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1994-95
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Screening of high yielding castor varieties.
Personnel :Roy B, Singh LS, Deka BK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1994-1998
Objectives :To sort out high leaf yielding castor varieties.
Results/Recommendations :In this study five perennial castor varieties namely local red, local green, Agia local, Damalgiri local and T3 were studied. Growth parameters were recorded as local red variety (height 154.66 cm, number of branches 4.26, leaf yield/plant/harvest 292.24 g, survival 85.60) local green variety (height 165.43 cm, branches 4.26, leaf yield/pl/ha 276.73 g, survival 65.60), Agia local (height 153.80 cm, branches 3.66 leaf yield/pl/ha 246.65 g, survival 82.20), Damalgiri local (height 163.73cm branches 4.43, leaf yield/pl/ha 262.96 g, survival 87.80), T3 (height 159.90cm, branches 4.16.leaf yield/pl/ha 162.35 g, survival 43.30) were found. Analysis of the above data revealed highest plant height in local green (165.43 cm) while it was lowest in Agia local (153.80cm), Leaf yield/plant/harvest was maximum in local red (292.24g) and minimum in T3 (162.36). Survival rate was highest in Damalgiri local (87.80%) and lowest in T3 (43.30%).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1997-98
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of different eri stocks and strains.
Personnel :Saha L, Chanda S
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1995-1996
Objectives :To find out the best performance of eri eco-race and eri strains.
Results/Recommendations :In this study 7 eri stocks viz., Borduar, Khanapara, Titabar, Sille, Nongpoh, Dhenubhanga and Medipathar local were reared during different seasons in 1994-95. ERR(%) ranged from 88.70 in Nonpoh to 94.36 in Borduar. Borduar stock also showed highest fecundity (495.33). Average shell ratio was highest in Mendipathar stock being 13.58% followed by Dhenubhanga stock. The stocks are being maintained.
Eight homozygous strains isolated from Titabar and Bordaur Stocks were reared during different seasons in 1995-96. Fecundity was highest in yellow spotted (457) of the same stock. ERR% ranged between 87-88% in the strains. Shell weight was comparatively better in the stock isolated from Borduar stock. The strains are being maintained.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1994-95
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Regional Eri Research Station, Mendipathar, Meghalaya
Project Title :Collection, conservation and evaluation of different eri host plant.
Personnel : Ray B, Singh LS, Deka BK
Project Period :1995-1997
Objectives :To sort out the promising varieties of castor.
Results/Recommendations :Total 88 varieties (82 from different parts of India and 6 from North-East India) were collected. Out of the 82 varieties collected from the other parts of India, 13 did not germinate and 20 varieties failed to survive under the agro climatic conditions of North-East. From germplasm bank performance data analysis, it was found that the rest of the varieties have the germination % ranged from 20-100%, internodal distance (cm) 2-10.70, average height 57-257 cm, leaf yield/plant/harvest 9.00-318.0 gm, seed yield/plant 3.3-123.5 gm and in local varieties collected from North-Eastern states showed germination % 60-100. Average height 100-208.5 cm, internodal distance 4-5.3cm, leaf yield/plant/harvest 230-452 gm, seed yield/plant 40.75-75.25gm. The leaf yield among the others Local red recorded the maximum of 452 gm/plant/harvested. The highest seed yield was observed in R4-859 as 125gm/pl/harvest gm
Source of Information :Annual Report :1996-97
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Breeding for improvement of eri silkworm.
Personnel :Singh LS, Debaraj V, Roy BC, Dutta RN
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :Evaluation of high yielding varieties/hybrids of eri silkworm to increase the eri silk production.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study six pure lines of eri silkworm have been selected and crossed following the diallel crossing technique and conducted two trials and analyzed through Griffings method. Y2 genotype was found to be good combiner for fecundity cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio and absolute silk yield among others. YP was better for larval weight, cocoon weight, fecundity and absolute silk yield. Reciprocal effect analysis indicated that YS, 4BZ and 4BS may give better progenies when taken as female parents. Analysis of combining ability and heterosis ranked different crosses as Y2 x 4BS>YP x 4B2>YS x 4B2 x YP>4BS x 4B2>Y2 x YS. The above seven crosses were tried for multiple trait evaluation index after Hano-et-al (1993). It indicated superiority of Y2 x 4BS for ERR, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio and absolute silk yield.
· Average rearing performance of two elite crosses Y2 x 4BS (=ES1) and 4BS x 4B12 (=ES2) for 3 consecutive field traits revealed better performance of ES1 in terms of fecundity, hatching, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio and yield followed by ES2.
· Hybrid performance was found better than the pure lines of silkworm isolated based on larval colour and markings. Hybrids ES1 and ES2 were found better for exploitation than any pure line or eco-strain.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1999-2000
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evaluation of suitable variety of castor.
Personnel :Sarmah MC, Roy BC, Dutta RN
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :To evolve high leaf yielding varieties for castor for block plantation with low cost involvement.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study, 10 most promising varieties were screened out among the 41 castor varieties maintained in GPB.
· It has been found that high performance is found in local red (non-powdery) varieties. Highest leaf yield was recorded in red variety being 234.67 g/plant harvest.
· Among the 10 promising castor varieties screened local red (non-powdery) variety yielded maximum leaf and supported best rearing performance.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1999-2000
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :Integrated plantation systems of castor and Kesseru for eri culture.
Personnel :Sarmah MC, Debaraj V
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2001
Objectives :To evolve suitable farm management for integrated plantation of castor and Kesseru.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study local red castor was raised 2’ x 2’ m in spacing under the existing Kesseru plantation of 2 x 2 m spacing. Likewise monocrops of castor and Kesseru were also maintained as control with similar spacing for comparison. Each treatment was replicated into threes. Leaf harvest data was recorded for four times in castor and two times in Kesseru.
· From the bioassay study of integrated and monocrops it indicates that integrated system of castor and kesseru does not interfere each other in respect of leaf quality and rearing performance.
· In integrated plantation of castor between kesseru plantations no substantial gain was observed because analysis of leaf benefit.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2000-01
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Standardization of eri silkworm seed production techniques.
Personnel :Debaraj V, Dutta RN, Sarmah MC.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2002
Objectives :To evolve a suitable egg laying device and to develop a method for supply of eri silkworm eggs for improvement of eri seed production technology at commercial level.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study two new egg laying devices namely netlon pouch (10x9x3cm) nylon net by (20x15cm) were tried for the study, where traditional kharika system of oviposition devices was considered as control. It is found that nylon net bag was found less time consuming for keeping/tying of moths, which was an additional advantage over other two treatments.
· The seasonal oviposition performance data of one year revealed that fecundity was recorded highest during November-December and lowest in February-March (370 Nos.).
· It can be inferred that eri silkworm seed supply method should be worked out on the basis of average of all seasons i.e., 380 eggs/laying.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2001-02
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :Improvement of eri host plant leaf yield and quality.
Personnel :Sarmah MC, Dutta RN, Debaraj Y
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2002
Objectives :To bring perenniality on local red castor varieties with better growth and yield through alteration of agronomical practices.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that local red castor plants raised with 1.5 x1.5 m, 2 x 2 m and 2.5 x 2.5 m and 1.0 x1.5 m spacing. From the growth parameters study it is found that 1.0 x 1.5 m spacing has a better survivability (91.67%) and leaf yield (5733.6 and 7133.7/ha/yr (kg) in 1st and 2nd year respectively) compared to other treatments. Leaf yield is more in 1 x 1.5 m spacing compared to wider spacings.
· Local red variety of castor planted at 1.0 x 1.5 m spacing and pruned at 1.0 m height during March showed highest leaf yield. It gave 344.16 leaf yield/plant/harvest (g) and 61.17% survivability and 2.93 m height.
· Local red variety of castor planted 1.0 x 1.5 m spacing and pruned at 1.0 m height during March showed highest leaf yield.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2001-2002
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Improvement of eri silkworm crop production.
Personnel : Debaraj Y, Sarmah MC, Brahma KC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2003
Objectives :To increase productivity and reduce cost of rearing with suitable techniques of rearing resulting to develop a commercially feasible technology.
Results/Recommendations :
· The experiment was initiated under the name “Standardization of platform rearing technique for eri silkworm” by developing a bamboo platform rearing technique and the performance was compared with bamboo tray, a traditional device as control.
· The data on first crop revealed that the cocoon characters were recorded little higher in tray but ERR% was recorded higher in platform with 10.2% gain over control.
· The main data of all the seasons on comparative performance of different cocoon mountages revealed that newly fabricated bamboo strips mountage showed higher good cocoon %, cocooning %. Pupation % and all the cocoon characters than jali and chandrike.
Project outcome :Platform rearing technique was developed as an improved method for eri silkworm rearing.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2001-02
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Improvement in productivity of eri host plant.
Personnel :Urmimala Hazarika, Phukan JCD, Singh KC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2002-2005
Objectives :To determine suitable combination of NPK for quantitative and qualitative improvement of castor leaves to support eri culture.
Results/Recommendations :In this experiment castor variety (NBR1) is treated with N (60,90,120 kg/ha), two levels of P2O5 (40 and 60 kg/ha) and two levels of K2O (20 & 40 kg/ha) are applied and data revealed that maximum leaf yield (18.94t/ha/yr) was recorded under 120:40:40 kg NPK/ha against 13.15 t/ha/yr under standard dose of 90:40:20 kg NPK/ha/yr. Seed yield was maximum (624.7 kg/ha) under 90:60:40 kg NPK/ha/yr. Castor leaves grown under 120:40:40 kg NPK/ha/yr contain 3.89% N, 160 mgP/100 g,, 230 mgK/100 g and 24.32% crude protein and application of NPK @ 120:40:40 kg along with 10 ton FYM/ha/yr was significantly superior among all other treatments with respect to leaf yield with a BCR of 1.18 (without seed) and 1.21 (with seed) engaging hired labourers, while the same was found to be 4.49 (without seed) and 4.62 (with seed) was found.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-05
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Project No.:CMER
Organization : Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Improvement in productivity of eri host plant.
Personnel :Urmimal Hazarika, Phukan JCD, Singh KC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2002-2005
Objectives :To determine suitable combination of NPK for quantitative and qualitative improvement of castor leaves to support ericulture.
Results/Recommendations :In this experiment castor variety (NBR1) is treated with N (60,90,120 kg/ha) two levels of P2O5 (40 x 60 kg/ha) and two levels of K2O (20 & 40 kg/ha) are applied and data revealed that maximum leaf yield (18.94 T/ha/yr) was recorded under 120:40:40 kg NPK/ha against 13.15 t/ha/yr under standard dose of 90:60:40 kg NPK/ha/yr. Seed yield was maximum (624.7 kg/ha) under 90:60:40 kg NPK/ha/yr contain 3.89% N, 160 mgP/100 g, 230 mgK/100 g and 24.32% crude protein and application of NPK @ 120:40:40: kg along with 10 ton FYM/ha/yr was significantly superior among all other treatments with respect to leaf yield with a BCR of 1.18 (without seed) and 1.21 (with seed) engaging hired labours, while the same was found to be 4.49 (without seed) and 4.62 (with seed) was found.
Project outcome: Suitable NPK combination in 120:40:40 kg/ha/yr along with 10 T FYM/ha/yr increase more benefits in castor cultivation.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2004-05
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Non-Mulberry (Muga Culture)
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Biological studies of muga silkworm.
Personnel : Kakaty PK
Project Period :1977-1978
Objectives :To study the seasonal behaviour of muga silk moth.
Results/Recommendations :The time of emergence of moths lies between 3 pm to 7 pm the completion of moth emergence occurs within 50 to 150 minutes. Initiation of ovulation occurs within 220 mins. to 345 mins., the longevity of fecundated moth varies from 5 to 15 days and 10 days required for hatching.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-78
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Improvement of muga food plants.
Personnel :Md.Isa, Yadav YS , Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1978-1981
Objectives :
· To study optimum NPK level, dwarfing and spacing effect on leaf yield in som.
· To study the evolution of suitable pollarding and pruning method for soalu.
Results/Recommendations :
· T8 (N200P200K200) indicates superiority followed by T15 (FYM 6 cft) overall and other treatments and control.
· It was also found that combined shoot and root pruning treatment has the tendency to reduce the plant height. Nevertheless the leaf yield in this case is slightly less than that of shoot pruning and control.
· It was recommended that 2 x 2 mt spacing for gainful exploitation in particular for rearing of early stages of muga silkworm.
· It was observed that sprouting is earlier (within 20-30 days) in T1 then T2 (within 50 days).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Fabrication of muga reeling machine.
Personnel :Goswami RC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :To find out suitable muga reeling machine.
Results/Recommendations :
· The data establishes the superiority of CMERS reeling machine over hand bhir and is as such gaining high demand among the muga reelers. Its efficiency could be further increased by incorporating certain improvements when this prototype is taken up for commercial manufacturing. The cost of machines is likely to be in the range of Rs.250 to Rs.300 which will be bearable of all muga reelers.
· It was also observed that the average yarn production/8 hours with CMERS, Trivedi and Choudhury reeling machines and Bhir comes to 82 g, 73.2 g, 66 g and 65 g respectively. The CMERS reeling has given higher production by12.02% over Trivedi reeling machine, 24.24% over Choudhury reeling machine and 26.15% over hand Bhir/CMERS which machine also given better performance in controlling the size of filament with 40.0 to 46.4 with respect to other reeling machines.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on cooking and reeling of muga cocoons.
Personnel :Goswami RC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :Studies on the seasonal effects on the reeling characteristics of muga cocoons.
Results/Recommendations :
· The difference in single cocoon weight, filament length, denier etc., influence the mass reeling cooking efficiency and reelability very much. There is remarkable difference in filament length, shell weight during jarua crop are poorer in comparison to jethua and katia only. The bulk of the cocoons obtained for commercial reeling is form katia and jethua crop only.
· Results indicate that there is no difference in the tenacity of yarn at 0.3% Na2CO3 and 0.1% KOH but the increase of KOH (0.5%) decrease the tenacity of the yarn. Of two chemicals in three concentrations studied 0.3% Na2CO3 gives best result with regard to tenacity and 0.1% KOH gives best result in percentage elongation at break.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research and Training Institute, Jorhat, Assam.
Project Title :Induction of diapause in muga silkworm
Personnel :Prasad GK, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :To study the preservation of muga seed cocoon at high altitude.
Results/Recommendations :The data indicate that the pupal mortality varied from 12.3% to 83.2% in the test, pupae preserved at high altitude and mortality was within the first weak itself, the mortality was highest in two days old pupae and least in six days old pupae and this was observed during the first trial conducted between May-June, during which period the maximum temperature varied between 16.9°C and 22.5°C respectively and mean relative humidity was 70%. It was also clear that the live pupae preserved at high altitudes during May-June emerged after 12 to16 days. It may be inferred that preservation of pupae at high altitude in winter season (December-January) is detrimental and pupae of domesticated muga silkworm do not either over winter or diapause at high altitude.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Rearing performance of muga and eri silkworm.
Personnel : Vishwakarma SR, Prasad GK, Thangavelu K
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1981
Objectives :To study rearing performance of muga silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :The rearing was undertaken seven times during the period under report with few overlapping broods. It could be observed from the data presented that while highest larval weight and effective yield were recorded ruing November-December brood, the average cocoon (99.20%) and cocoon weight (male-2.76 g and female 3.25 g).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Hatching behaviour of eri and muga silkworm.
Personnel: Prasad GK, Sinha SS.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives :Studies on the time of hatching of muga and eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :
· It was found that 80% eggs of muga silkworm hatched around 08.00 hrs in the morning while almost all hatching of eri silkworm eggs occurred exclusively between 06.00 hrs-08.00 hrs in the morning. The results indicated that both in the eri and muga silkworm the hatching is maximum around 8am and hence the favourable time for brushing operations is in between 8hrs to 10hrs. The temperature and humidity do not seem to alter the hatching time.
· The data indicate that the remarkable difference in the weight of the worms hatched on different days, the difference is noticed in both muga and eri silkworms and the trend also appears to be common in both the silkworms. The decline in weight is progressive. Thus it is clear that there exists a relationship between the weight of the worms and the day of hatching. Similar facts were established during the previous years. In case weight is an indication of the vigour of the worm then the practice of rejecting the worms hatched after third day for rearing will be ideal and for raising seed cocoons the worms hatched on the first and second days only can be considered.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on incubation of muga and eri silkworm.
Personnel :Prasad GK, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1982
Objectives : Studies on the incubation of muga silkworm eggs.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is evident from the data gathered that more than the temperature the season is of great importance in hatching, 57% to 81% of eggs did not hatch in June, while 3% to 13% of eggs only failed to hatch in October. Embryonic period also shows similar seasonal variation. The embryonic period varied from 7to 15 days during September and October while the embryonic period varied from 9 to 21 days during December and January. It is clear that embryonic period is lower at higher temperature and longer at lower temperature, it may be that developmental processes are temperature dependent. The shortest embryonic period recorded in 7 days at 26°C and 30°C and highest (21 days) at 18°C.
· The weight of the freshly hatched worms indicate that the worms hatched on first day weighs more and the weight of the worms emerging on subsequent days are lesser and the decline is gradual and regular, it is assumed that the vigour of the worms emerging on first and second day as more. It is observed that the worms emerging out of the eggs incubated at higher temperature weigh more and vigorous than those incubated at lowest temperature.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Emergence and coupling behaviour of muga/eri silk moth.
Personnel :Prasad GK, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1980-1981
Objectives :To study emergence and coupling behaviour of muga/eri silk moth.
Results/Recommendations :The combined effect of temperature and humidity on coupling has positive influence during August whereas it is negative during September and January. During October, however, while the temperature has negative, the relative humidity has positive influence on coupling.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Incidence of diseases in muga and eri silkworm.
Personnel :Kakaty PK, Sinha S, Prasad GK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1981-1982
Objectives :To study the seasonal variation in the incidence of diseases in eri silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :It is evident that eri silkworms are comparatively tolerant to pathogens. Throughout the study period pebrine was not noticed and grasserie was recorded only during June and the commonest disease in eri silkworm was flacherie. The incidence of disease is high during June and there was no record of diseases during April-May and July-August. Thus it may be inferred that if eri culture is practiced as per the scientific method of rearing the loss due to diseases could be almost avoided.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization:Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Ovipositional behaviour of silk moth.
Personnel :Prasad GK, Sinha SS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1981-1982
Objectives :To study the ovipositional behaviour of muga silk moth.
Results/Recommendations :
· The observations recorded indicate that more than 75% of the eggs are laid on the first and second day and oviposition differs in different months.
· The maximum number of eggs were laid (240) during October and the unlaid eggs retained in the oviduct were highest in December (36.88%) and lowest in October (16.67%). It is found that inhibition factor for ovipositon, therefore it is suggested that grainage operation of muga silk moth could be conducted at 26°for obtaining more number of eggs per laying.
· The results indicate stimulating effects of scotophase on oviposition, however, the effect varied during different months from 5.27% in October and 18.70% in December.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-82
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Improvement in muga host plant.
Personnel :Siddiqui AA, Basumatary BK, Babu Lal
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1989-1997
Objectives :To collect different muga host plant and identify their potentialities of genetic resources for isolation of suitable genotype for muga silkworm rearing.
Results/Recommendations :So far, 14 morphotypes of som, 3 morphotypes of Genosomoi and 10 morphotypes of soalu have been collected and identified on the basis of leaf morphology, texture floral biology and sex. These are being maintained in the Germplasm Bank. Biochemical analysis of the leaves of the 14 morphotypes of som revealed high lignin content (50-90%) and less moisture content (28-48%) in non-preferred varieties as compared to the preferred ones. Bioassay of 8 morphotypes of som during the last katia crop 1996, revealed significantly higher ERR and absolute silk content ranging from 68.33% to74.67% and 81.22g to 97.57g/300 larvae in S3, S5 and S6 in comparison to other morphotypes. ERR and absolute silk contents in the control were recorded as 60.50% and 68.50gm respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1996-97
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Agronomical studies in muga host plants.
Personnel :Siddiqui AA, Basumatary BK, Lal B
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1993-1996
Objectives :To determine the optimum doses of FYM and NPK for som.
Results/Recommendations :Two dose of NPK ie., 100:50:50 and 150:75:75 kg/ha along with control in 27 combinations were considered and applied to som plants in 2 split doses during April and September 1995. Growth and leaf yield records revealed 78.29% increase over control in plants, which received, 175:75:50 kg. NPK/ha followed by 66.20% and 57.05% increase over control in plants which received 150:50:50 and 175:50:50 kg NPK/ha.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1995-96
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the host plant of muga silkworm.
Personnel :Choudhury R, Dar HU, Senapati, Mech D, Pamehgam M
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1993-1996
Objectives :To improve host plants of muga silkworm for the benefit of all categories of farmers.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that plants pruned during summer matured for early stage rearing in 3 months and for late age rearing after 5 months. During winter the leaves of plants get ready for early stage after 4 months and for late age after 6 months of pruning.
· Suitability of leaf quality has been confirmed by rearing conducted on pruned plants during two seasons September/October and November/December.
· Results of two rearings showed reduced larval period (days25) increased larval (12.72, wt gm) and cocoon weight (6.20g), improved ERR (31.75%), SR (8.41%) and dfls/cocoon produced .
· Study on the incidence of different pests and diseases of muga host plants revealed high infection of leaf rust during Jan to May being 80-100% in som and 100% in soalu. Leaf spot during March to May (som 73-100%)
· Amongst the pests, 100% infestation of Leaf Miner was recorded during June to September in soalu 83-100% in som. Leaf gall was recorded throughout the year in soalu.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1995-96
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the rearing technology of Muga.
Personnel : Choudhury R, Dar HU, Senapati, Mech D, M.Pamegam
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1993-1996
Objectives :To improve host plants of muga silkworm for the benefit of all categories of farmers.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study rearing performance of muga silkworm was studied on three different food plants in different seasons.
· Data of one year of three plants showed that among the three plants som gives better results in cocoon weight, shell weight and shell ratio). ERR was however significantly superior in Dighloti.
· In all the seasons i.e., aherua, bhodia, kotia and chetua som were found superior result among the others.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1995-96
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Project No.:CMER
Organization : Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on pests of muga silkworm.
Personnel : Chowdhury B, Sonowal L, Das PK
Funding Source : CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2002
Objectives :To evolve suitable control measures for pest of muga silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :The stock of Nesolynx thymus hyperparasitoid of uzi fly maintained upto the 52 generations by alternative use of the host pupae of flash fly, Uzi fly and housefly. The life cycle was found 14-16 days during July-August and 40-42 days during December-January and showed 3.73% infestation.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2002-03
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on vegetative propagation of muga food plants.
Personnel : Chakravarty R, Rajanna L
Project Period :1997-1998
Objectives :
· To study clonal propagation of Machilus bombycina.
· To study propagation of som by stem cuttings.
· To study vegetative propagation of soalu by air layerage technique.
Results/Recommendations :Response of clones to root growth promoting substances is very poor. High percentage of sprouting occurred in second month and in control since the time of cuttings planted. Propagation of soalu plant is easier and simpler. Ground layerage technique has been found more advantageous over air layering in two respects
· Transplantation of rooted ground layer is easy.
· Less time is needed to prepare ground layers.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1997-98
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :Improvement in quality and productivity of muga host plants.
Personnel :Siddiqui AA, Choudhury R, Babu Lal
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-1999
Objectives :Survey, collection and screening of more nutritive varieties of som through bioassay.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study survey and identification of various som varieties done on the basis of leaf morphology, floral biology, sex, diseases etc in the entire North-East region, Western India, Bhutan, Sikkim and Nepal.
· Raising the identified morpho-varieties through vegetative propagation for making germplasm bank.
· Many varieties of som Machilus bombycina and soalu Litsaea polyantha are existing in nature which are actually palatable to muga silkworm. Therefore the survey, identification, collection and evaluation of different varieties through bioassay are pre-requisite for selection of desirable types. So far, 14 morphotypes of som and 10 morphotypes of soalu have been identified. Bioassay on 8 morphotypes has been conducted in modest way.
Source of Information :Annual Report:
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Standardization of embryo isolation technique and identification of low temperature resistant stage in muga silkworm Antheraea assama.
Personnel :Das PK, Singhal BB, Kumar N, Sahu AK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :To standardize embryo isolation technique to workout embryonic development and to identify cold resistant stage to hatching as per crop schedule.
Results/Recommendations :During 1999-2000 the hot water technique was fine, time and with this the embryo can be isolated right from early state of 5. The fixed embryo within the egg can be preserved at 5% acetic acid upto 38 days without damaging embryonic tissue and within this period the embryo can be isolated at any convenient time. The 20 different embryonic stages have been identified. The hot water technique was standardized for fixation of embryo. The egg was cut on the chorion from micropyle along the length with sharp blade and on pressing softly the embryo with yolk come out intact on repeating as many egg as necessary.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2000-01
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the grainage behaviour and reproductive biology in muga silkworm Antheraea assama Ww.
Personnel : Das PK, Sahu AK, Kumar N, Singhal BB
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :To formulate a complete package of practices on grainage technology and exploration of sericulture details in muga silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :
· Different age groups of male cocoons were exposed to 32°C for different periods. Result revealed that coupling technology was reduced under 34°C, pupal period significantly prolonged when exposed to 34°C on the third day of spinning and fertility was effected on exposure at all ages to constant temperature of 32°C.
· The treatment recorded pupal mortality to the tune of 31% at 34°C, 23% under 30°C as compared to 21% in control. Similar revival of germ cell formation process was observed after the cocoon obtained from the jethua crop 1999 were restricted for preservation at 10±1°C for 25, 30 and 35 days i.e., the dfls produced out of jethua crop showed only 5% hatching as compared to 45% in the dfls prepared out of the preserved cocoons of the jethua crop.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1999-2000
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat, Assam.
Project Title :Development of package of practices for som.
Personnel :Reena Choudhury, Pamehgam M
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-1999
Objectives :To provide suitable package of practices for som intercropping to generate additional income.
Results/Recommendations :During the study six summer intercrops namely Corn (T1), Cucumber (T2), Amaranthus (T3), Long beans (T4), Lady’s finger (T5) and sweet potato (T6) were grown on som plantation under 2 x 2 & 3 x 3 mt. spacings. Highest return from kharif crop was obtained from long bean (T4).
Effect of summer intercrops on some growth under 2 x 2 mt spacing revealed higher gain in terms of height (10.80%) and leaf weight (63.70%) while under 3x3 mt.spacing leaf number and stem girth were 47.0 and 12.0% more as compared to the control.
Six winter intercrops namely tomato (T1), potato (T2), carrot (T3), Raddish (T4), Black gram (T5) and French Bean (T6) were grown in som plantation raised at 2 x 2 and 3 x 3 mt. spacing. Harvesting was conducted from November. Out of the above six highest return from potato. Som leaf production was highest in T1 spacing followed by T5 under 3 x 3 mt. spacing while under 2 x 2 mt. spacing, leaf production was highest in T3 followed by T4.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1998-99
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Stabilization of muga seed crops through improved rearing techniques.
Personnel :Teotia RS, Singhal BB, Das PK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :
· To stabilize muga seed crops by developing following techniques.
· To develop package of practices for developing ideal chawki garden to match the nutritional requirement of muga silkworm for early instar and to minimize unaccountable losses.
· To develop season specific rearing under indoor conditions for seed crop.
Results/Recommendations :
· During the project period, chawki rearing study on the low bush of som and soalu was conducted during the seed crops chetua and bhodia. The SR% value in both the crops were found to be significant among treatment as compared to control. During Bhodia crop mortality in chawki stage ranged from 56.33% to 87.50% among treatments as compared to control. The ERR value ranged from 5.50 to 23.00% among treatments as against 23.30% in control. During Chetua crop ERR values although were comparatively low.
· During Bhodia crop ERR values were found to be significantly higher than the control. Mortality of worms during chawki stage was also found to be lower. During chetua crop ERR values among the treatments although were low, same were found to be significantly higher than the control. During the Bhodia crop average fecundity were highest. During March, April 1998 practical indoor reared worms revealed 23.40% and 6.60% ERR respectively.
· Chawki rearing in bush plantation of 6 feet height som with 90 days old foliage and higher doses of input gives better ERR for providing nutritious foliage to the chawki worms which is the most crucial stage of rearings when the worms are more susceptible to diseases and adverse climatic conditions. Use of nylon net at chawki stage reduced early stage mortality from pest/predators and rain/storm.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2000-01
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the fctores responsible for induction of pupal diapause in Muga silkworm Antheraea assama ww. through survey in the natural habitat.
Personnel : Das PK, Sahu AK, Kumar N
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives :To determine the abiotic factors responsible for pupal diapauses in Muga.
Results/Recommendations :Rearing of the green stock in Gabhures from wild hibernating muga cocoons were procured during October-November’98 showed that the larval and pupal periods in the experimental lots prolonged by 4 and 15 days respectively. However, the same trend was not observed in the second rearings conducted in the wild state.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1998-99
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :Improvement in quality and productivity of muga host plants.
Personnel :Das PK, Bhat MM, Babula
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :To evolve superior som morphotypes with better leaf yield and nutrition.
Results/Recommendations :
· New plantation of existing morphotypes of som has been raised and being maintained. Bioassay for jethua 99 had been conducted without any application of micronutrient formulation as a left over part of the experiment. The bioassay result revealed again the S6 morphotype to be best with 33.33% ERR and 50.95g absolutes silk yield 1300 larvae in treatment as compared to 13.33% and 19.00 g in control. Seedlings of different promising morphotypes of som have been raised in polytubes. Seedlings were sprayed with micronutrient formulation under treatment and no spray under control.
· S6 morphotypes of som plantation under the recommended package of practices is best suited for commercial exploitation among all morphotypes.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1999-2000
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Socio-economic and productivity studies in muga culture.
Personnel :Barah A, Mech D
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2001
Objectives :
· To know socio-economic status of the muga farmer to quantify the measurable yield gap, if any in productivity of muga.
· To assess the various constraints confronting muga culture for bridging the gap in yield.
Results/Recommendations :
· The study was conducted in major districts of Assam covering 50 farmers in each district in two seed and two commercial crops/year. It is found that most of the muga rearers are illiterate or with maximum educational status of M.E. standard. Further, around 100% of muga rearers surveyed are from lower income group and almost all the farmers cultivates paddy as primary source of income and sericulture as secondary.
· Altogether 300 numbers of muga farmers from 6 major muga growing districts of Assam, were considered for analysis of yield gap in muga culture. From the study it has been found that no farmer utilizes his plantation to the fullest potential. The cause of under utilization of the food plants or yield gap can be attributed to the following reasons.
· Non-availability of the muga seeds in time.
· High cost of seed.
· High incidence of disease and pests in rearing and
· Marketing constraints, in particular as indicated by more than 90% among the surveyed muga farmers.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2000-01
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Collection, isolation and evaluation of different muga strains for hybridization.
Personnel :Kakati PK, Brahma KC, Senapati MD
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2003
Objectives :Evaluation of high yielding varieties/hybrids of muga silkworm to boost cocoon production.
Results/Recommendations :Parental material has been collected from the wild growing areas. Hybridization experiment were initiated using the selected pure strains (blue green, yellow ad wild strain) and maintained, based on their performance viz., cocoon weight, shell weight and filament length. Hybridization F1 parents raised and data recorded and statistically analyzed (Griffing 1956). On the basis of GCA and SCA, effects of parents and hybrid combinations are blue strain, green strain, yellow strain and wild strain were selected.
Four hybrid combinations were selected and F6 to F9 generation race fixation and at F10 to F16 the trial rearing was conducted.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2000-01
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on major diseases and pests of muga food plants som (Porsea bombycina).
Personnel :Ranjana, Das PK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2002
Objectives :To find out the major diseases and pests of muga food plants the extent of damage caused by them, disease resistant morpho types and also a system for management of diseases and pests of forecasting calendar of seasonal incidence.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that August-September is the most favourable period with regard to the occurrence of all foliar diseases. However, maximum infection of leaf spot (11.78%), leaf rust (16.29%) and leaf blight (21.03%) were observed during February-March, June-July and December-January respectively. While in case of bacterial blight (10.50%) and leaf curl (7.60%), the peak infection was during August-September season. Seasonal infection of leaf spot and leaf rust is very significantly with change of seasons.
· It also observed that leaf minor, leaf gall, sucking pest and stem borer are the common pests of som throughout the year. However, maximum infestation of leaf minor and stem borer take place during October-November, while infestation of leaf gall and sucking pests attains peak during August-September, season. Infestations of the four common pests significantly vary with the seasons.
Project outcome: Diseases and pest forecasting calendar for muga food plant som has been developed.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2001-02
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the major diseases and pests of muga silkworm Antheraea assama.
Personnel :Senapati MD, Mech D, Choudhury B, Brahma KC, Kakati PK, Benchamin KV
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2002
Objectives :To find out the major diseases and pests of muga silkworm, their seasonal occurrence, extent of damage caused by them, forecasting of diseases and developing a system for minimizing crop losses due to them.
Results/Recommendations :It is observed in two major regions of Assam, Upper Assam and lower Assam that in five seasons jethua, aherua, bhodia, kotia and jerua virosis occurred throughout the year but it highly effected in bhodia and Jarua crops with 37.0% and 23.60% infection. Bacteriosis highly occurred in jarua 23.01%, Microsporidiosis was not observed so far except 8.14% in jethua, fungal disease was observed in jarua at 5.74% in Upper Assam. In case of lower Assam except Jarua virosis occurred in all other seasons with 22.43% and 19.49%. Bacteriosis occurred at peak level in bhodia with 18.62%. Microsporidiosis is not observed, fungal disease was observed in jarua at 47.01%. It is observed that uzi fly infestation was observed throughout the year but peak period in jarua with 17.20% in Upper Assam. Uzi fly infestation was observed throughout the year but peak period of infestation was observed in jarua and 26.00% in Lower Assam. Disease and pest occurrence is more in lower Assam than Upper Assam.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2002-03
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Standardization of technology for improvement of yield and quality of muga silkworm.
Personnel :Das K, Kakati PK, Benchamin KV
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2002
Objectives :Improvement of cocoon: laying ratio and quality of muga silkworm seed.
Results/Recommendations :Results indicate that the muga cocoons can safely be preserved for 45 days for seed purposes without affecting the reproductive physiology. Further, it indicates that preservation of cocoons at 7.5°C and 10°C can reduce the grainage span to the extent of six days against the control (12-13 days). The total unutilized moth percentage has been decreased to 12-16% against 40-43% in control. This means that the preservation does not affect the vitality in moths, and in spite the cocoon laying ratio has been increased (2.4:1) when compared to (3.5:1) in control. Hence the preservation of seed cocoons at 7.5°C and 10°C gives an idea to skip off the unpredictable winter pre-seed crop. However, preponement of the spring crop has come in the way.
Project outcome :Short term low temperature cocoon refrigeration technique developed for synchronization of moth emergence.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2002-03
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the improvement of rearing technology for the production of quality cocoons of muga silkworm.
Personnel :Sarkar M, Senapati MD, Murthy BN, Kakati PK, Suryanarayana N.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2003
Objectives :Minimization of loss of silkworm through improvement of rearing technology viz., application of larval bed disinfectants and pre-brushing care of muga host plants for the production of quality cocoons of muga silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :
· Among the disinfectants tried TBL was found to be effective and easily available locally for control of bacterial diseases of muga silkworm. The same has been given brand name as “Muga Guard” and is under field trials for popularization.
· A systematic approach for pre-brushing care by using crude extracts of botanicals to prevent the early loss of muga silkworm.
Project outcome:Platform rearing technique was developed as an improved method for muga silkworm rearing.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2003.
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Evolution of suitable package of practices for muga pre seed and seed crop rearing.
Personnel : Das PK, Singh BK, Bhattacharya A
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2001-2005
Objectives :To evolve an ideal package for muga silkworm rearing during the seed crops through chawki and partial indoor rearing method and creating ideal rearing conditions during pre seed crops Jarua and Aherua crops ensuring required quantities of availability of dfls during seed crops chotua and bhodia, thereby boosting production and productivity during commercial crops.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that during Chethua crop early stage survivability is maximum in treatment S1C1 (shade + mulching) (80.73%) against 74.30% in control (plants without shade + mulching) and late stage survivability is maximum in S1C1 (27.14%) against 21.50% in control which are significant at CD 5% (3.10 and 2.64% respectively). During Aherua crop ESS is maximum in S1C1 treatment (75.60%) and S1C1 is 75.3% against 67.40% in control and LSS in maximum in S0C1 (12.80%) and S0C1 (13.00%) against 6.70% in control which are significant at CD5% (3.45 and 2.57 respectively). During Bhodia crop ESS is maximum in treatment S1C1 (74.30%) & S0C1 (74.40%) against 70.60% in control and LSS is maximum in S0C1 (8.00%) which are not significantly higher than control (7.40%).
· The findings reveal that mortality till second instar was significantly low in all the treatments and the ERR during Aherua crop shows a significantly higher in T1 (som twig in polythene bag), T2 (soalu twig in polythene bag), T6 soalu in iron tray), T7 (Juvenile potted som).
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-2005.
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Investigation of Pebrine disease in muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis.
Personnel : Das K, Ranjana Das, Kakati PK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2002-2006
Objectives :
§ To find out the taxonomic position of causal organism of pebrine disease in muga silkworm.
§ To ascertain the areas of cross infectivity of pathogen of pebrine disease in muga and eri silkworm.
§ To evaluate the suitable strategies to control of pebrine disease in muga silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that the spores of pebrine infected muga silkworm has been successfully isolated and confirmed through pathogenicity test by inoculating the isolated spores to healthy larvae.
· In this study, pebrine spores isolated from muga silkworm were inoculated to healthy eri silkworm After 6-8 days, eri larvae exhibited symptoms of pebrine disease and on examination, identical spores were detected in the midgut, which confirmed cross infectivity of pebrine between muga and eri silkworm.
· The result confirmed the cross infectivity of causal organism of pebrine disease from muga to eri silkworm.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2003-04
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Study on the level of technology adoption among different groups of farmers and their impact on production of muga cocoon.
Personnel :Diganta Mech, Anukul Barah, Ranjit Kar
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2002-2003
Objectives :
· To measure the rate of technology adoption among different group of farmers.
· To identify constraints for technology adoption at farmers level.
· To assess the impact of technology at farmers level.
Results/Recommendations :
· Based on the adoption pattern, farmers can be grouped into four categories – high, medium, low and non-adoptor and percentage of which are recorded as 15.1, 6.8, 52.6 and 25.5% respectively. Impact of improved technologies on production is clearly visible at high and medium adoption level as in three different seasons Bhodia, Kotia and Aherua as 43.4, 31.2, 52.6, 43.4 36.1 and 32.2 respectively in high and medium adoption level.
· Major constraints for adoption of improved technologies are identified as marketing of cocoons, non-awareness, strong inclination towards traditional practices, high cost of technology and financial problems.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2002-03
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Survey, collection, characterization and conservation of Antheraea assamensis.
Personnel :Das PK, Sahu AK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2002-2005
Objectives :To survey different parts of West Bengal, Sub-Himalayan belt and Orissa and collection of wild muga silkworm, their characterization and conservation under ex situ and in situ conditions.
Results/Recommendations : Population of wild muga silkworm exhibited a dwindling trend as wild muga were mostly found on dighloti plants (Litsaea salicifolia) in forest areas nearer to rivulets. Out of all the places surveyed of Northeast region. It is found that with moderate climatic condition and abundant food plants was found to be the suitable habitat of the precious wild muga silkworm. Ex situ conservation of the wild muga silkworms in places away from the natural habitat was difficult.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2004-05
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Assessment of integrated technology package for sustainable development in muga culture under farmer’s conditions.
Personnel : Mech D, Barah D, Singh KC.
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2003-2005
Objectives :
· To assess the impact of integrated technology packages of muga culture under farmer’s condition.
· To increase the productivity at farmer’s level through development of on-farm demonstration and innovations for greater economic dividends.
Results/Recommendations :The study was carried out with 8 recommended technologies in integration for improvement of cocoon productivity at farmers level these are:
· 3x3 spacing plantation.
· Application of NPK (87g U+125 g SSP+ 33g MOP/plant per Year) and 1cft FYM per plant/Year.
· Pruning at 6 ft height once in a Year and top clipping after every rearing.
· Use of microscopically examined layings (dfls).
· Chawki rearing on bush plants.
· Use of nylon nets for protecting against pests and predators.
· Prophylactic measures against diseases and pests.
· Use of improved spinning device.
· Test rearing in farmers field of chathua and bhodia. It is observed that through technology intervention, cocoon production at farmers level could be increased by 66.7 and 79.3% in chathua and bhodia seeds crop respectively. The benefit cost ratio after technology intervention has been calculated to be 2.06 against 1.37 of the traditional farmers.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2002-03
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on the effect of different essential oils of Ocimum sp. for controlling grasserie and flacherie diseases in mulberry and muga silkworm.
Personnel : Borah VC, Rahman SAS, Chakravarty R
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2003-2005
Objectives :To test the antibacterial and antiviral activities of available essential oil of tulsi to control the flacherie and grasserie diseases in mulberry and muga silkworms.
Results/Recommendations :
· Three essential oils of Ocimum sp. Linalool, Limonene and Bornyl acetate at 500, 750 and 1000ppm and tulsi extract at 1%, 3% and 5% concentrations were tested for controlling grasserie and flacherie disease in mulberry silkworm and muga silkworm.
· In case of mulberry silkworm Linalool at 500 ppm gives consistently good result with a survivability percentage of 54, 53.66 and 60.33 respectively in August-September, October-November and March-April in comparison to other treatments.
· In case of muga silkworm 5% crude extract of tulsi was more effective with 43.0% and 46.67% survivability in July and September and its extract, Linalol had 42.33% survivability in the same season.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-05
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Project No.:CMER
Organization : Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :Collection and evaluation of muga food plants.
Personnel :Md.Isa, Yadav GS
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :-1980
Objectives :To find out nature involving maintenance of the various primary and secondary food plants of the polyphagous muga silkworm and study their comparative feed efficacy and genetic/breeding potentials.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study primary food plants Machilus bombycina is found.
· The geographical distribution of this plant is from lower Himalayas, extending from Almora in the East to as far West as Nepal and prevalent throughout North Eastern region and Litsaea polyantha (soalu). It extending northward from Punjab up to salt range and Eastwards to North Eastern region and Burma and in Southwards to Satpura range and Coramandal.
· Another 10 plant species are found which are so called secondary food plants ie., Litsaea citrate (Mejarkari), Litsaea salicifolia (Dighloti), Litsaea nitida (Kathalun), Actinodaphne obovata (Patihonda), Actinodaphne anguistifolia (Bagnala), Xanthoxyleum ruesta (Bajramoni), Celastrus monosperma (Bhumlati), Magnolin sphenocarpa (Panchapa), Zizyphus jujuba (Bagori), Genelina arborea (Gamari).
· All the 12 plants given above the collected from different parts of Assam/N-E and are maintained in the muga food plant germplasm bank.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Muga based integrated farming system.
Personnel : Chakravarty R, Bhattacharya A, Dutta SK, Mech D, Singh KC
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To study the feasibility of integrated farming system comprising of agriculture crops, dairy, poultry, fishery, piggery, duckery, agroforestry etc. with muga.
Results/Recommendations :It is observed that net return/ha/annum prior to technological intervention was for muga Rs.9075.00, for field crop Rs.3110.00, Livestock Rs.1744.00, Fishery Rs.102.00 and plantation crop 314.00. The total net return/ha/annum of the individual enterprise in muga 63.14%, field crop 21.64%. Livestock 12.13%, fishery 0.70% and plantation crop 2.37%. The employment generation for muga was 137 mandays/ha/annum. The net annual return is comparatively more than other farming enterprises.
Project outcome: Integration of farming practices viz., agriculture, plantation crop, animal husbandry with muga as been developed.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2005-06
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Development of multiple sericulture farming system.
Personnel :Phukan JCD, Pamehgum H
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2004
Objectives :To formulate a suitable package of integration of muga with mulberry/eri for augmenting income generation per unit area of land.
Results/Recommendations :
· Intercropping of som with mulberry has increased leaf yield of som by 10.5% and thereby cocoon production by 11.25%. By conducting both muga and mulberry culture in a unit area, net income can be enhanced by 64.67% over muga monoculture and 61.07% over mulberry monoculture.
· By intercropping castor with som it is observed that leaf yield of som was been increased by 8.40% and there by cocoon production with 8.46% when both muga and castor culture was done in an unit area, net income was increased by 52.96% as compared to muga monoculture and 59.79% over castor monoculture.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2003-04
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Studies on propagation of different promising morphotypes of som.
Personnel : Kumar A, Kar R, Das PK
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :2000-2003
Objectives :To study seasonal effect of rooting in different promising morphotypes of som with emphasis to increase rooting percentage.
Results/Recommendations :
· It is observed that four promising cultivars of som S3, S4, S5 and S6 have been identified as poor rooters (6-17%). Therefore, enhancement of rooting efficiency has been treated with different concentration of IBA @ 300ppm (T1), 500 ppm (T2) and 1000ppm (T3) during January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December.
· The analysis of the data indicated that the rooting of cuttings of all the cultivars declined beyond 300 ppm IBA, which has been considered as the optimum concentration.
Project outcome: Suitable and effective dose of IBA for higher rooting % of cuttings of som cultivars have been standardized.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-04
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Extension
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Collection and evaluation of sericultural statistics.
Personnel :Duarah DN
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1978-1981
Objectives :Socioeconomic survey of muga rearers of Lakhimpur district.
Results/Recommendations :It was observed that average 13.65 day/month are utilized for muga culture activities. Mainly 11-20 and 21-30 years age group contribute maximum number of rearers. The active rearers are found in the age group between 31-70 years. It is observed that majority (37.50%) of the rearers belong to high school standard groups. The utilization of land holding is only 17.59 and 1.41% respectively for muga and ericulture. The village possesses only som and soalu plantation with the former sharing 98.69% of total available muga food plants. Maximum number of Kharika are put to rearing during Jethua crop i.e., April-May (82.89%) followed by Kotia and Bhodia (20.80) and (20.19%) respectively. The highest yield is observed during Jathua crop due to high rearing conducted during this season. The rearers families have the capacity to rear 1,407 layings/year as against actual rearing of 935 layings. The diseases account for about 40% of crop loss whereas pest and predator cause over 15% loss. In the absence of an organized marketing system, the rearers are obliged to sell out their harvest through middle men who dictate the prices. The net annual income fairely comes to Rs.2,270.25 including income through all products.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1980-81
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Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Project Title :Collection and evaluation of sericultural statistics in the Kohima and Mukokchung district of Nagaland.
Personnel : Mahanta JC, Gogoi SN, Borgohain PN, Gosh PL, Chakravarthy R
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1985-1986
Objectives :Collecting information on various problems and prospects of sericulture.
Results/Recommendations :
· In this study it was observed that, eri rearing seems to be most popular than mulberry silkworm rearing in both the district. It is observed that in both the districts the female persons were actual and full time rearers, whereas the male member works on the part time basis. In Kohima district silkworm rearers were found to be the plain tribals mainly the Dimasa Kachari 86.67% and rest 13.33% were the hill tribes. In Mukokchung district all the rearers are hill tribes. Farmers are mainly illiterate in both the districts. Main source of income of the all rearers are agriculture in both the districts. It is observed that mulberry plantation in Kohima districts is regular and planted in a systemic way, while it is not regular in other districts. All the eri rearers of both the districts use castor as primary food plant for eri silkworm; Kesseru is used as primary food plant for eri rearing when castor leaves are not available. Tapioca plant is also used but it is very limited. Average mulberry cocoon production per laying ranged from 167.90/laying in Kohima and 127.88/laying in Mukokchung district. Average eri cocoon production in both the districts was more or less similar 816.48/laying in Kohima and 216.08/laying in Mukokchung.
· From the present survey, it was observed that flacherie and grasserie are main diseases which caused 20 to 25% crop loss in mulberry in both the districts. Moreover, 10-15% crop loss in mulberry and eri were accounted due to predators and infestation of uzi fly.
· Data collected on the gross annual income from eri and mulberry rearing showed that in the case of eri culture it ranged from Rs.860.36 in Kohima and Rs.1856.71 in Mukokchung district. In case of mulberry, the income ranged from Rs.338.17 in Mukokchung and Rs.681.43 in Kohima district.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1986-87
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Projects with incomplete/partial information
Project No.:CMER
Organization :Central Muga and Eri Research & Training Institute, Jorhat
Jorhat Assam.
Project Title :To study the effect of intercropping in the growth of newly raised som plantation.
Personnel :Das PK, Choudhury R, Pamehgam.M
Funding Source :CSB, Bangalore
Project Period :1997-1999
Objectives :To enhance the growth and development of muga food plants for utilization for early crop production.
Results/Recommendations :
Source of Information :Annual Report:
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Research Projects-Mulberry Division (1991 – 2006)
Mulberry Germplasm
Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Preliminary evaluation of mulberry resources for yield and quality parameters.
Personnel :Sau H, Sahu PK, Dayakar Yadav BR
Project Period :1991-1994
Objectives :To evaluate mulberry genetic resources for yield and quality parameters.
Results/Recommendations :The highest numbers of branches were recorded in variety-Surat, followed by Acc.121 and Kollegal. Highest moisture loss was observed in variety Surat followed by Acc.117, Kollegal, LF2 and Acc.115. The highest leaf yield was recorded in varieties MR2 and LF1 followed by Sujanpur-1 and S13. The leaf shoot ratio is high in S36.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1991-94
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection and conservation of mulberry germplasm material.
Personnel :Ravindran S, Dayakar Yadav BR, Sau H, Rao AA
Project Period : 1992-93
Objectives :
· Collection and conservation of mulberry genetic resources.
· Characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations : One trip was made in North-Eastern region and identified some mulberry accessions.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1992-93
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel : Sau H, Sahu PK, Dayakar Yadav BR
Project Period :1992-1994
Objectives :
· Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for sprouting, survival and rooting ability.
· Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for yield and quality parameters.
Results/Recommendations :Cyprus, Bogura4, Lisbon, Morus albarangun, Burma-8, Thai peach, S1 and S41 showed highest sprouting % i.e., above 95%. The rooting ability among the 50 accessions studied for length of the longest root and weight of dry root did show variation among the exotic varieties, however, the same is not true with indigenous varieties.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1992-93
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry accessions on pest population and prevalence activity.
Personnel :Dhahira Beevi N, Dayakar Yadav BR
Project Period :1992-1995
Objectives :To evaluate the mulberry accessions on pest population and prevalence activity.
Results/Recommendations :Pest population and prevalence studied over 61 (32 indigenous and 29 exotic) accession indicate that thrips prevailed all round the year, mites incidence crested during Feb-July weevils April-Sep, leaf hopper Feb-May and mealy bugs April-June.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1992-95
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Tikader A, Ravindran S, Rao AA, Naik VG
Project Period :1993-2006
Objectives :To characterize the mulberry genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :Total 328 mulberry accessions were characterized during the period based on morphology, anatomy, reproduction etc., and catalogue was published which is the first of its kind in India (1993-1997).
150 mulberry accessions have been characterized based on set descriptors. The descriptors include morphological reproductive, anatomical, biochemical growth traits etc. The result of the first two-phase programme are published in the form of catalogue and distributed to the research institutes (2003-06).
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1993-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Studies on Isozymes banding pattern in mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Naik VG, Pavan Kumar T
Project Period :1994-1996
Objectives :To study the variability among the mulberry species
Results/Recommendations :The active bands among the species varied from 2 to 5 under progress. M.sinensis and M. laevigata showed maximum and minimum number of bands. All the Morus species showed one common band. The observed Rf values were 0.29 for major band and 0.37, 0.40, 0.43, 0.60 and 0.63 for minors. Based on the Rf values the 17 mulberry species can be divided into six groups.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1995 - 96
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization: Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Studies on the variability of reproductive characters in mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Rao AA, Sau H
Project Period :1994-1995
Objectives :To study the variability reproductive characters in indigenous and exotic varieties.
Results/Recommendations :312 mulberry accessions (227 indigenous and 85 exotic) studied for sex expression showed 235 (75.32%) are strictly dioecious, 77 (24.68%) are monoecious, indicating preponderance of unisexuality in mulberry. Again of the 235 dioecious PGRS, 191 (81.27%) bear pistillate (female) and 44 (18.72%) staminate (male) inflorescence recording gynoecious preponderance, irrespective of geographical and genetic origin.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1994-1995
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization: Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Rao AA, Sau H
Project Period :1994-95
Objectives :To analyze leaf morpho-anatomy in 46 accessions comprising 18 indigenous and 28 exotic resources.
Results/Recommendations :The anatomical study was carried out and found some of the accessions are suitable for stress condition based on their stomata size and frequency.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1994-95
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey, exploration and collection of mulberry genetic resources in Western Ghat regions of South-west India.
Personnel :Dayakar Yadav BR, Naik VG
Project Period :1994-95
Results/Recommendations : A good number of mulberry accessions were collected from Kerala (25) and Tamil Nadu (25) through survey and exploration.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1994-95
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Identification of gene pool reserves in South India.
Personnel :Dayakar Yadav BR
Project Period :1994-95
Objectives :To identify gene pool reserves and diversity/variability in Morus species under natural habitats in South India.
Results/Recommendations : Morus laevigata was identified in Yercaud hills in Salem district of Tamil Nadu. The material collected and established in the field gene bank.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1994 -95
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey and exploration of central India (MP & AP).
Personnel :Rao AA
Project Period :1994-1996
Results/Recommendations :A good number of mulberry accessions were collected and established at field gene bank.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1994-1996
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey and exploration mulberry germplasm varieties of North-West India-UP.
Personnel :Sau H
Project Period :1994-95
Objectives :To identify GPR locations in Northwest and record variability available.
Results/Recommendations :Eight collections were made from erstwhile Uttar Pradesh and established at Field gene bank of CSGRC, Hosur.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1994 -1995
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey and exploration in Central, Southern (A & N Islands) North-Eastern and North-West India.
Personnel :Tikader A, Ravindran S, Rao AA, Naik VG
Project Period :1994-96
Objectives :To identify GPR locations in different parts of India.
Results/Recommendations : A good number of collections were made from different parts of the country and preserved in germplasm centre. Two wild collections from A & N Islands which are having largest leaf size (783.00 sq.cm).
Source of Information : Annual Report:1994-1995
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey and exploration of southern and North west India
Personnel :Tikader A, Thangavelu K, Ravindran S, Naik VG, Rao AA, Chandrasekar M, Saraswath RP
Project Period :1996 -2007
Objectives :To identify GPR locations in different parts of India.
Results/Recommendations : A total of 46 survey and exploration conducted during (1996 -2007) and collected 327 mulberry accessions.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1996-2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Tikader A, Ravindran S, Rao AA, Naik VG
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives : To characterize the mulberry genetic resources
Results/Recommendations :Total 300 mulberry accessions were characterized during the period based on morphology, anatomy, reproductive etc. and catalogue vol.2 was published.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1997-2000
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Molecular characterization of mulberry germplasm.
Personnel :Naik VG, Tikader A, Mukherjee P
Project Period :1997-2001
Results/Recommendations : Forty-four mulberry accessions and 27 M. laevigata collected through exploration from different locations of India were subjected for RAPD analysis. Distance matrix calculation based on RAPD data set revealed the dissimilarity among 44 varieties ranging from 0.027 to 0.586. The highest divergence was between MI-0029 and MI-0092, whereas it was least between two pairs of accessions namely, MI-0129 and MI-0180 and, MI-0037 and MI-0045. The clustering pattern of M. laevigata did not show any correlation with the regional/ geographical distribution of these accessions
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1997-2001
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation for propagation traits of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel : Goel AK, Ramesh SR, Ravindran S, Tikader A
Project Period :1997- 2000
Objectives :
· Evaluation of mulberry germplasm to know the performance of different mulberry accessions through cuttings.
· The study provides information on rooting behaviour of mulberry germplasm.
Results/Recommendations :222 mulberry accessions were studied for different propagation traits. The mean data indicates significant variation in various rooting parameters among the accessions. Maximum variability was observed in indigenous accessions compared to exotic accession.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1997- 2000
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation for mulberry genetic resources (ARBD)
Personnel : Goel AK, Ramesh SR, Ravindran S, Tikader A
Project Period : 1997- 2000
Objectives : Evaluation of mulberry germplasm to know the performance of different mulberry accessions in Augmented Design.
Results/Recommendations :316 mulberry accessions were studied for different growth and yield traits during 1997-2000. The mean data of leaf yield indicated that 108 and 53 accessions performed better than check-1 (Kanva-2) and check-2 (MR-2) indigenous whereas 41 and 31 accessions over check-1 (Kosen) and check-2 (Chinese white) in exotic.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1997-2000
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Conservation and supply of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Tikader A, Saraswath RP, Jayappa T
Project Period :1998-2005
Objectives :Conservation of mulberry genetic resources to promote utilization of the genetic resources properly.
Results/Recommendations :In field gene bank a total of 770-mulberry germplasm was maintained during the period. A total of 36 mulberry accessions were supplied to four Universities of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka as a part of utilization of germplasm.
In field gene bank a total of 1063 mulberry germplasm was maintained during the period. A total of 630 accessions were supplied to eleven organizations for research purposes.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1998-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Molecular characterization of mulberry germplasm.
Personnel :Naik VG, Tikader A, Mukherjee P
Project Period : 2000-2001
Results/Recommendations : M. laevigata and other accessions have been characterized using random primers. The RAPD profiles of 29 M. laevigata were utilized for exploring the possibility of establishing association between DNA markers and selected morpho-biochemical parameters of mulberry. The analysis of data indicates the possibilities of short listing DNA markers associated with morpho-biochemical parameters.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2000-2001
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation for propagation traits of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel : Jayappa T, Tikader A, Chandrasekar M
Project Period :2000-2005
Objectives :
· Evaluation of mulberry germplasm to know the performance of different mulberry accessions through cuttings.
· The study provides information on rooting behaviour of mulberry germplasm.
Results/Recommendations :269 and 205 mulberry accessions were studied for different propagation traits. The mean data indicates significant variation in various rooting parameters among the accessions. Maximum variability was observed in indigenous accessions compared to exotic accession.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2000 - 2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Tikader A, Ananda Rao A
Project Period :2000-2003
Objectives :More emphasis is being attempted for characterization of available resources.
Results/Recommendations :150 mulberry accessions have been characterized based on set descriptors. The descriptors include morphological reproductive, anatomical biochemical growth traits etc. The result of the first two-phase programme are published in the form of catalogue and distributed to the research institutes.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2000- 2003
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Growth behaviour in dwarf tree mulberry germplasm.
Personnel :Tikader A, Rao AA
Project Period :2001-2003
Objectives :To know the growth performance of 150 mulberry accessions.
Results/Recommendations :Indigenous accessions exhibited higher mean values for number of branches, length of longest shoot, total shoot length, internodal distance whereas exotic accessions showed higher mean values for leaf size, hundred leaf weight, leaf yield/plant, leaf shoot ratio, total moisture content and moisture retention capacity. Higher CV% was recorded for most of the leaf characters in indigenous accessions compared to exotic accessions.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 200 - 2003
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :All India Mulberry and Silkworm Germplasm Evaluation Programme (AIMSGEP)–Mulberry (Collaborative Project with 8 network units)
Personnel :Tikader A
Project Period : 2002-2006
Objectives :To identify the mulberry accession suitable for different agro-climatic zones.
Results/Recommendations :The mulberry accessions tested in different centers were subjected to statistical analysis and finally grouped them based on leaf yield and bioassay, following accessions were found suitable for different centres. CSGRC, Hosur (Ind & Exo) MI-0437, 0376, ME-0033, 0058, 0169, CSR&TI, Mysore –MI-0310, 0326; CSR&TI, Berhampore-MI-0310, 0324, 0376;CSR&TI, Pampore- ME-0167, 0130, 0173 0168; SSBS, Coonoor- ME-0007, 0033, 0130, 0169; RSRS, Jorhat- MI-0154, 0369, 0416, 0349, 0388; RSRS, Sahaspur – MI-0349, 0416, 0431 and RSRS, Jammu – MI- 0324 0252 against local ruling variety.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2006 - 2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for growth and yield parameters
Personnel :Chandrasekar M, Saraswat RP
Project Period :2002-2007
Objectives :To assess the mulberry accessions better than prevailing ruling variety
Results/Recommendations :Since beginning of the project 13 crops data were recorded. The result indicated that 9 indigenous and one exotic accession showed leaf yield (1305–994 g), which is better than V1 and Kosen, the ruling variety. The project was completed during 2005- 2006.
So far, 52 (Indegenous-498, Exotic-114) accessions were evaluated for growth and yield parameters in two phases. For third phases, cutting of test accessions were plated in nursery beds and sapling are raised to set up the experiment.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2002-2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey, exploration and collection of mulberry genetic resources in Maharashtra.
Personnel :Saraswath RP
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :To cover the unexplored areas Marathwada and Vidarbha regions of Maharashtra.
Results/Recommendations :
· Vidarbha: Vidharbha comprise of Amaravathi and Nagpur division is a big region of Maharashtra, where mulberry trees are grown abundantly for fruits and shade.
· Marathwada: The rainfall varies from 600 to 700 mm per year. The soil is medium black cotton soil with a pH 7.8-8.5.
Source of Information :Annual Report 2003-04
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey, exploration and collection of mulberry genetic
resources in Kerala.
Personnel :Thangavelu K
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :To conduct survey in some parts of the Western Ghats region, particularly in Malappuram, Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala to collect good number of mulberry cultivars.
Results/Recommendations :During the year under report some parts of Idukki, Kottayam and Kannur district were covered for collection of mulberry genetic resources. In the present trip 6 samples of Morus indica and 01 sample of Morus laevigata was collected.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-04
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for growth behaviour in field gene bank.
Personnel : Tikader A, Rao AA
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To assess the growth and yield parameters for individual accessions in the field gene bank.
Results/Recommendations :150 mulberry accessions were subjected to record the data of growth behaviour after pruning. The indigenous accessions performed better than exotic in most of the characters except leaf size, single leaf weight, 100-leaf weight and leaf shoot ratio. In general, the performance of exotic accessions is good in Indian condition and can be successfully utilized their genetic potential in mulberry crop improvement.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2003-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Biochemical characterization of mulberry genetic resources.
Personnel :Rao AA, Borpuzari MM, Krubakaran M
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :Studies on isozyme polymorphism in different mulberry species and selected mulberry varieties.
Results/Recommendations :The enzyme activity of two mulberry varieties selected for saline stress showed that the enzyme activity is increased with the increasing salinity. The study also indicated the adaptive ability of the tolerant mulberry variety allows it to high level of salinity and alkalinity via increased PRX and SOD activity, which may be good indicator for selecting stress tolerance genotype.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Conservation of mulberry germplasm using biotechnological approaches of in vitro culture and cryopreservation for sustainable use.
Personnel :Rao AA, Narayanamurthy T, Rekha Choudhary
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :In vitro conservation of mulberry germplasm resources.
Results/Recommendations :Cryopreservation protocol developed. In vitro protocol showed high survival when tested through invitro regeneration. The genetic stability of cryopreserved materials were tested and found the genetic stability of cryopreserved germplasm.
Source of Information : Annual Report:2003-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Survey, exploration and collection of mulberry genetic
resources from Uttar Pradesh.
Personnel :Chandrasekar M
Project Period :2004-05
Objectives :Conduction of survey and exploration tour to collect mulberry genetic resources in U.P.
Results/Recommendations :Mulberry was collected from many districts of U.P. based on variation observed on morphological characters. 26 mulberry genetic resources were collected from the exploration tour.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004 - 2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for their Susceptibility against Tukra.
Personnel :Balachandran N, Thangavelu K., Saraswath RP
Project Period :2004-2005
Objectives :To evaluate mulberry germplasm against Tukra.
Results/Recommendations :Based on Tukra Resistance Index the Tukra incidence was found to be high during the month of June (0-3.08) followed by November (0-2.42) and the incidence was low in the month of Feb (0-1.7) and in August it was (0-1.75). Further out of 36 exotic accessions studied four acc. showed very low incidence, 17 low incidence, 10 moderate incidences and five high incidence categories. None of the exotic accessions is likely susceptible.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2004-05
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Pre-breeding efforts to utilize wild mulberry germplasm resources
Personnel :Tikader A
Project Period : 2004-2007
Objectives :To utilize the wild mulberry germplasm through conventional breeding
Results/Recommendations :The result of hybridization between M. serrata, M. laevigata, Kanva-2 and Kajli were successfully established. The preliminary attempts showed encouraging results and possible to combine the wild genes in cultivated variety to tap the secondary and tertiary gene pools.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004 - 2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Identification of DNA markers associated with disease and pest resistance in mulberry (Morus spp.)
Personnel : Tikader A
Funding Source :Department of Biotechnology
Project Period : 2004-2007
Objectives :To identify the mulberry accessions for diseases resistance and develop DNA marker for different diseases (Powdery mildew, Tukra and root diseases)
Results/Recommendations : The plantation established and project is running its final year. The results will be highlighted after completion of the project.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry genetic resources for abiotic and biotic stress- hot spot locations (Net working Project)
Personnel :Tikader A
Project Period :2004-2007
Objectives :To identify the mulberry accessions suitable for different hot spot locations.
Results/Recommendations :
Evaluation in semi-arid condition at RSRS, Anantapur: The ranking of mulberry accessions revealed that MI-0463, 0161, 0456 and 0573 performed better than check (MI-0012) and qualified for 6 agronomic parameters.
Evaluation under tropical humid agro-climatic condition at RSRS, Jorhat : The leaf yield was observed higher in MI-0549 and 0024, whereas leaf moisture content was higher in MI-0587, 0576 and 0310 when compare with check accession (MI-0038). Moisture retention capacity was observed to be higher in MI-0244 (70.s50%) and 0530 (74.00%) against 61.42% of check accession.
Evaluation in temperature climate at CSR&TI, Pampore: Among the 14 accessions, ME-0006, 0191, 0201, 0210 showed a consistent performance through different days.
Evaluation in temperature climate at RSRS, Salem: Twenty-four mulberry accessions were selected to screen against alkaline soil at RSRS, Salem. The leaf yield was observed to be better in exotic (426.67-285.00g) and indigenous accessions (393.33-296.87g) against two control viz., MI-0308 (240.00g) and MI-0713 (16.67g).
Evaluation in temperature climate at RSRS, Chamarajanagar: The exotic accession ME-0006 performed better and qualified for 6 agronomic traits while other eight accessions qualified for 5 agronomc traits. Two exotic and oe indigenous accession qualified for four traits while all the test accessions performed better than control (AR-12)
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2007
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Silkworm Division (1991 – 2006)
Silkworm Germplasm
Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterisation and conservation of Silkworm genetic Resources.
Personnel :Ravindra Singh K, Punithavathi G, Shanthi AN, Dahira Beevi N
Project Period :1993-1994
Objectives :To enrich germplasm bank with silkworm germplasm, characterize, evaluate and conserve true-to-type.
Results/Recommendations :A total of 59 germplasm (13 multivoltine, 56 bivoltine) representing India, Japan, China, Europe and Russia were collected, Morphologically characterisation and evaluation for growth parameters was carried out for 13 multivoltine accessions.
Publications: Proposed descriptor for silkworm genetic material. Saratchandra, B., Ravindra Singh and B.R.D. Yadav. 1993.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1993-94
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Mukherjee P, Sunita Mukherjee S, Ravindra Singh K, Sahni NK, Punithavathi G, Dahira Beevi N
Project Period :1994-1995
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :A total of 213 germplasm (44 multivoltine, 169 bivoltine) representing India, Japan, China, France, Europe, Bangladesh and Russia were collected, Morphologically characterisation and evaluation for growth parameters was carried out for 56 multivoltine accessions. Preliminary evaluation of multivoltine accessions showed wide variability for fecundity, survivability, single cocoon weight and shell ratio. Sericin content and spatial volume of silk gland against larval weight showed maximum sericin content and silk gland volume in MY-1. Moth emergence pattern in 13 multivoltine accessions studied.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1994-95
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Kumaresan P, Dahira Beevi N, Mohan B
Project Period :1995-1996
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :A total of 10 bivoltine germplasm representing India, China and turkey were collected. Wild bombycids viz., Theophila sp. and Ocinara sp. from Kalimpong and South Andamans respectively were reported. Morphologically characterisation of larval markings, cocoon colour, cocoon shape and wing fasciation were studied and dark fasciation was found to have higher survivability. Under evaluation studies multivoltine germplasm viz., MHMP(Y), AP-12 and A-13 and bivoltine germplasm viz., were found superior. The number of crop cycle for multivoltine was reduced from 6 to 5 per year by following cold preservation of eggs for 30 to 35 days.
Publications:Ravindra Singh and T.Pavan Kumar.1995. Collection through exploration of mulberry silkworm resource, Theophila sp. In. Current technology seminar. 20-22 Sept.1995 held at CSR&TI, Mysore.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1995-96
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Kumaresan P, Rajarajan PA, Mohan B
Project Period :1996-1997
Objectives :Collection, Characterization, Evaluation and Conservation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations : Morphologically characterisation of 169 bivoltine accessions was studied. Molecular characterisation through RAPD analysis was standardized for multivoltine and bivoltine germplasm. Among bivoltine germplasm, PAM-112, P-36, Sanish-E2(M), CC-1 and PAM-106 were found superior for rearing traits and BBI-0126 & BBI-0147 for reeling traits. Among multivoltine germplasm, MHMP-Y, AP-12, A4-E and RD-1 were found superior for rearing traits.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1996-97
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Kumaresan P, Rajarajan PA, Mohan B
Project Period :1997-1998
Objectives :Collection, Characterization, Evaluation, Conservation and Utilisation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations : A total of 70 bivoltine germplasm representing India, Japan, China, France, Poland, Brazil, Vietnam and South Korea was collected. Characterisation of new bivoltine collections was studied. Molecular characterisation through RAPD analysis was carried out for 51 multivoltine germplasm. Relative disease susceptibility was studied for multivoltine germplasm and the incidence ranged from 0.22 % to 10% for various diseases in different seasons. Feeding efficiency studies in multivoltine showed the range between 5.466g to 10.492 g for leaf consumption, 1:4.5 to 1:10.19 for cocoon:leaf ratio and 1:26.5 to 1:57.8 for cocoon shell:leaf ratio. Grainage studies on egg traits viz., egg weight; non-hibernating eggs were studied for multivoltine and bivoltine germplasm. Reeling studies were carried out for 70 bivoltine and superior germplasm for total filament length, non-broken filament length and denier were identified.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1997-98
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization, evaluation, conservation and utilisation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Kumaresan P, Rajarajan PA and Mohan B
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :A total of 13 bivoltine germplasm was collected. Correlation studies with qualitative and quantitative traits were carried out. Cocoon size analysis for 56 multivoltine germplasm, rearing performance analysis for 90 bivoltine and post-cocoon analysis for 13 bivoltine germplasm were carried out.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1998-99
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, Characterisation, Evaluation, Conservation and Utilisation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Radhakrishnan S, Kumaresan P, Rajarajan PA, Mohan B
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations : A total of 17 silkworm germplasm was supplied to 6 institutes. Catalogue on 225 silkworm germplasm accessions was published. Morphological characterization and evaluation for growth, reproductive and post-cocoon traits were carried out for 103 silkworm germplasm accessions. Superior germplasm for ERR, cocoon weight, shell weight, SR%, low boil-off loss were identified.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1999-2000
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization, evaluation, conservation and utilization of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Raghavendra M, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Radhakrishnan S, Kumaresan P, Bhagya R, Rajarajan PA, Mohan B, Ashok Kumar K
Project Period :2000-2001
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :A total of 27 silkworm germplasm was collected. Based on morphological characters and important economic traits, 225 silkworm germplasm accessions were grouped in to 33 distinct morpho-groups for core set formation. Molecular characterization for 84 bivoltine germplasm showed high genetic variability. Correlation between cocoon shape and reelability was studied which showed that elongated with faint constriction cocoon showed long filament length with less breakage. Based on rearing and reeling evaluation data 10 best accessions were identified. A total of 141 accessions were supplied to 13 research institutes.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2000-2001
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterisation, evaluation, conservation and utilisation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Raghavendra M, Mahadevamurthy TS, Sunita Mukherjee S, Sahni NK, Radhakrishnan S, Kumaresan P, Bhagya R, Rajarajan PA, Mohan B, Ashok Kumar K
Project Period : 2001-2002
Objectives :Collection, characterization, evaluation and conservation of silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :Two bivoltine silkworm germplasm was collected. Descriptors and descriptor-states were standardised for morphological characterisation. Confirmatory morphological characterisation was carried out for 355 silkworm accessions. A total of 91 distinct core set was developed using 225 silkworm germplasm accessions. Biochemical characterization using 4 isozymes and protein profiling was done for 11 multivoltine germplasm and the phylogeny and pupation rate association was established. Genetic divergence studies were carried out with 63 multivoltine germplasm, based on which 6 distinct clusters was obtained indicating genetic variability for economic parameters and geographical distribution. Post cocoon analysis was studied for 42 silkworm germplasm. A total of 82 accessions were supplied to 8 research institutes.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2001-2002
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterisation, evaluation, conservation and utilisation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Raghavendra M, Mahadevamurthy TS, Koundinya PR, Radhakrishnan S, Somasundaram P, Kumaresan P, Bhagya R, Kar PK, Mohan B, Ashok Kumar K
Project Period : 2002-2003
Objectives : Collection, Characterization, Evaluation and Conservation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations :Twenty five silkworm germplasm was collected. Biochemical characterization using 4 isozymes and protein profiling was done for 83 silkworm germplasm (52 multivoltine and 31 bivoltine) and the phylogeny and pupation rate association was established. Based on rearing and reeling evaluation data 10 best accessions were identified out of 63 multivoltine and 272 bivoltine accessions. Post cocoon analysis was studied for 67 bivoltine silkworm germplasm for 16 traits. Studies done on long term preservation of multivoltine eggs for 45 days in 5˚C showed no adverse effect on rearing parameters. Long-term egg preservation of bivoltine germplasm for 360 and 440 days was studied which showed variability in hatching from 10% to 92%. Thermo-tolerance studies were carried out with 11 multivoltine accessions and 5 thermo-tolerant accessions were identified. Pilot study on induction of diapause in 20 multivoltine germplasm was initiated. A total of 82 accessions were supplied to 8 research institutes.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2002-2003
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :All India mulberry and silkworm germplasm evaluation programme (AIMSGEP).
Personnel :Sinha RK, Raghavendra M, Radhakrishnan S and Mohan B
Results/Recommendations :Ten elite bivoltine germplasm were evaluated in 8 network centres of CSB and one trial was completed.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2002-2003
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterisation, evaluation, conservation and utilisation of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Mahadevamurthy TS, Radhakrishnan S, Kumaresan P, Bhagya R, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :Collection, Characterization, Evaluation and Conservation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations :Two silkworm germplasm were collected. Phenotypic and genotypic variation coefficients and stability analysis were computed which showed significant PCV% and GCV% ranging from 4.55% for pupation rate to 95.99% for boil-ff loss. Elite multivoltine germplasm were identified for 7 specialised traits. Two thermo-tolerant multivoltine accessions were identified for high temperature –high humidity stress. Based on rearing evaluation data 10 best accessions were identified out of 64 multivoltine and 331 bivoltine accessions. The crop cycle for rearing mutants was reduced from 3 to 2 per year by standardizing the 6 months egg preservation schedule. Under long-term egg preservation for bivoltine, 293 accessions showed more than 70% hatching for 360 days preservation and 12 accessions showed more than 50% hatching for 450 days preservation. A total of 82 accessions were supplied to 8 research institutes. Windows-based software on silkworm germplasm supply database management was developed.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2004
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Biochemical characterization and evaluation of silkworm genetic resources.
Project Period :2003-2004
Personnel :Ashok Kumar K, Somasundaram P
Results/Recommendations : Isozyme polymorphism based on 8 isozymes was studied in 12 silkworm germplasm. Heat-shock protein profiling in 8 multivoltine accessions in comparison with CSR-18 revealed that PMX and MU-1 germplasm showed low thermo-tolerance. Esterase activity was found minimum in Pure Mysore.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2004
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Molecular characterization of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) genetic resources-Phase-II. (Collaborative project with SBRL-Bangalore)
Project Period :2003-2004
Personnel :Kar PK, Ashok Kumar K, Sinha RK, Thangavelu K
Results/Recommendations :DNA finger printing through RAPD, ISSR and SSR technique was carried out with 12, 21 and 10 primer sets respectively association with economic traits. Multivoltine-specific RAPD marker was identified.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003 - 2004.
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for post-cocoon traits (Collaborative project with CSTRI-Bangalore)
Project Period : 2003-2004
Personnel : Koundinya PR, Hiremath SA, Balachandran N
Results/Recommendations :Post cocoon analysis was studied for 29 silkworm germplasm for 16 traits. High variability for quantitative and qualitative traits was observed and correlation between different reeling traits were established.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003 - 2004.
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Induction of diapause in multivoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) germplasm and genetic stability studies through molecular tools for sustainable use and conservation.
Project Period :2003-2007
Personnel :Radhakrishnan S, Kar PK, Sinha RK, Thangavelu K, Saravanakumar
Funding Source :Department of Biotechnology
Objectives :To understand the differential expression of the diapause gene.
Results/Recommendations :Using the software programme five introns and six exons were identified, the first two exons were coding for diapause hormone and last four exons coding for PBAN peptide. Two sets of primers were designed to amplify the exon as well as intron region of diapause gee. The PCR amplification was performed using standard procedure. It was observed the size of the PCR products were same in diapause as well as in the non-diapause races. Hence the PCR amplified products were further analyzed through the DNA sequencing. The ISSR profiles showing genetic stability in diapause induced batch on comparison with control batch.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2004
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericultural Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur.
Project Title :Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in the selected hotspots.
Project Period :2003-2007
Objective :To evaluate some elite multivoltine silkworm accessions against abiotic stresses particularly in the adverse climatic conditions (high temperature and high humidity/high temperature and low humidity) to identify tolerant/resistant breeds.
Personnel :Kumaresan P, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B, Koundinya PR, Muthulakshmi M, Hiremath SA, Sinha RK, Vidyunmala S, Kasi Reddy, Gururaj R, Dahira Beevi N, Senapati MD, Das R, Raina RK, Rankaj Tewary, Siddique
Results/Recommendations :The results clearly indicated that four accessions viz., BMI-004, BMI-0025, BMI-0027 and BMI-0060 have performed better against both control (BMI-0001 and BMI-0017) for high temperature and low humidity in all the three centres viz., RSRS-Anantapur, Chamarajanagar and Salem.
Similarly, 4 accessions viz., BMI-0027, BMI-0025, BMI-0040 and BMI-0016 have showed better performance against both the control (BMI-0001 and BMI-0017) in CISR-Jorhat for high temperature and high humidity.
The accessions BMI-0040 and BMI-0016 have showed region specific performance especially for high temperature and high humidity condition and BMI-0060 has performed better against high temperature and low humidity conditions.
The above potential multivoltine silkworm accessions are recommended for further multiplication trails as suitable F1 hybrids under AICE for wider acceptability.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : All India Mulberry and Silkworm Germplasm Evaluation Programme (AIMSGEP).
Project Period :2003-2007
Personnel : Radhakrishnan S, Mohan B, Sinha RK, Hiremath SA
Objectives :To find out the true genetic potential and adaptability of silkworm germplasm in different agroclimatic regions in the specific locations.
Results/Recommendations :12 promising bivoltine silkworm germplasm of CSGRC were evaluated. Based on the data on important rearing parameters viz., larval duration, larval weight, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell ratio, ERR (No), ERR (kg), pupation rate, three best performing germplasm were identified from each network centre based on Mano’s cumulative evaluation index value.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2003-2007
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, characterization, evaluation, conservation and utilization of silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Velayudhan K, Kumaresan P, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B
Project Period :2004-2005
Objectives : Collection, Characterization, Evaluation and Conservation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations :Twenty four silkworm germplasm were collected. Morphological characterization of 24 new accessions and preliminary evaluation for 421 accessions were carried out. Based on phenotypic stability, 56 multivoltine accessions were categorized into 4 groups. Under long-term egg preservation for bivoltine germplasm, the hatching performance was affected by 15 months preservation. A new method of mother moth examination for pebrine detection was developed for germplasm stocks and the techniques were standardised. A total of 82 accessions were supplied to 8 research institutes.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :All India Mulberry and Silkworm Germplasm Evaluation Programme (AIMSGEP).
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel : Mohan B, Hiremath SA, Sinha RK
Objectives : Results/Recommendations :Out of the test bivoltines germplasm, Acc.No. BBE-0197, BBE-0222, BBE-0187, BBE-0050 and BBE-0183 performed better in all the 8 network centers.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Biochemical characterization and evaluation of silkworm genetic resources.
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel :Ashok Kumar K, Somasundaram P
Results/Recommendations :Isozyme polymorphism based on 8 isozymes was studied in 28 silkworm germplasm. High molecular weight heat shock proteins (HSP) was observed in Pure Mysore, Nistari, A-25, A4e, MU-11 and LMP and these germplasm can be used as index for thermo-tolerance.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Molecular characterization of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) genetic resources-Phase-II. (Collaborative project with SBRL-Bangalore)
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel :Kar PK, Ashok Kumar K, Sinha RK
Results/Recommendations :DNA finger printing through ISSR technique was carried out with 25 primers for 60 multivoltine silkworm germplasm and phylogenic tree was constructed. Based on the dendrogram 5 major groups were identified.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for post-cocoon traits (Collaborative project with CSTRI-Bangalore)
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel :Koundinya PR, Hiremath SA, Choudhary CC
Results/Recommendations :Post cocoon analysis was studied for 63 silkworm germplasm for 16 traits. High variability for quantitative and qualitative traits was observed and correlation between different reeling traits was established. Top 10 germplasm for reeling traits were identified.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Induction of diapause in multivoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) germplasm and genetic stability studies through molecular tools for sustainable use and conservation.
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel :Ponnuvel KM, Kar PK, Sinha RK, Thangavelu K
Results/Recommendations :Three rearings under low temperature (18°C to 20° C) were completed under 18 hrs. light and 8 hrs. dark regulated photo period. Among the germplasm, Pure Mysore, Rong Daizo and Daizo showed higher degree (more than 95%) of egg diapause and A14DY, Race-B and C.nichi showed less (4% to 8 %) degree. Hatching % of the diapause-induced germplasm was above 85% after 6 months of egg preservation. Genomic DNA was isolated from the test multivoltine germplasm to study the genetic stability.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in the selected hotspots.
Project Period :2004-2005
Personnel :Kumaresan P, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B
Results/Recommendations :Evaluation of multivoltine germplasm for high temperature & high humidity indicated that 4 accessions viz., BMI-0014, BMI-0027, BMI-0025 and BMI-0017 showed better performance for maximum number of characters than the control BMI-0001. The accession BMI-0014 recorded higher pupation rate than the control. Evaluation of bivoltine showed that accession BBE-0186, BBE-0226, BBE-0189 and BBE-0239 showed better pupation at RSRS-Jammu. BBE-0226, BBE-0198 and BBE-0189 at RSRS-Sahaspur.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2004-2005
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Collection, Characterisation, Evaluation, Conservation and Utilisation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Personnel :Sinha RK, Velayudhan K, Kumaresan P, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B
Project Period :2005-2006
Objectives :Collection, Characterization, Evaluation and Conservation of Silkworm Genetic Resources.
Results/Recommendations :Six silkworm germplasm were collected. Morphological characterization of 7new accessions and preliminary evaluation for 421 accessions were carried out. Evaluation indices were computed for 71 multivoltine accessions10 important economic traits. 10 bivoltine accessions were identified out of 327 bivoltine accessions. A total of 158 accessions were supplied to 14 research institutes. Software program on bivoltine egg preservation schedule and inventory was developed to compute different preservation schedules and to have inventory of DFLs receipt and delivery.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :All India Mulberry and Silkworm Germplasm Evaluation Programme (AIMSGEP).
Project Period :2005-2006
Personnel :Mohan B, Hiremath SA, Sinha RK
Results/Recommendations :Based on the Mano evaluation indices for cumulative rearing and reeling traits, best performing germplasm with E.I. value more than 55% were identified for each network centres. Among the test accessions, BBE-0183, BBE-0187 and BBE-0197 performed consistently better in most of the network centres.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Biochemical characterization and evaluation of silkworm genetic resources.
Project Period :2005-2006
Personnel :Ashok Kumar K, Somasundaram P
Results/Recommendations :Isozyme polymorphism based on 4 isozymes was studied in 27 silkworm germplasm. Unique alleles were identified among multivoltines and bivoltines, which helped to find the parentage and origin. The type of heat-shock proteins (HSP) induced under thermal stress was found out with 10 bivoltine accessions. Under thermal stress heat-shock protein in the range of 24 to 148 kDa were expressed. Activity of β-esterase in the haemolymph of 10 bivoltine germplasm was studied and correlated with stress tolerance.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Molecular characterization of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) genetic resources- Phase-II. (Collaborative project with SBRL-Bangalore)
Project Period :2005-2006
Personnel :Kar PK, Ashok Kumar K, Sinha RK
Results/Recommendations :DNA finger printing through ISSR technique was carried out with 25 primers for 96 bivoltine silkworm germplasm and phylogenic analysis was made. The association of ISSR markers with quantitative traits viz., fecundity, cocoon weight, shell weight, SR%, ERR and pupation rate were worked out using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The level of heterozygosity, genetic diversity and allelic status were studied among 96 bivoltine accessions found optimal for maintenance from conservation point of view.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title : Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for post-cocoon traits (Collaborative project with CSTRI-Bangalore)
Project Period :2005-2006
Personnel :Koundinya PR, Hiremath SA, Choudhary CC
Results/Recommendations : Post cocoon analysis was studied for 55 silkworm germplasm for 16 traits. High variability for quantitative and qualitative traits was observed and correlation between different reeling traits was established. Top 10 germplasm for 9 reeling traits were identified based on Mano’s evaluation index.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Induction of diapause in multivoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) germplasm and genetic stability studies through molecular tools for sustainable use and conservation.
Project Period :2005-2006
Personnel :Ponnuvel KM, Kar PK, Sinha RK, Thangavelu K
Results/Recommendations :Genomic DNA was isolated from the test multivoltine germplasm and characterized with 15 ISSR primers. The ISSR profiles of control and 6th generation diapause induce batch were compared and no significant change in the profiles of control and treated batches, indicating diapause induction is only transient expression and no genetic drift due to external abiotic factors.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :Evaluation of silkworm genetic resources for tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in the selected hotspots.
Project Period :2005-2006.
Personnel :Kumaresan P, Balachandran N, Muthulakshmi M, Mohan B
Results/Recommendations :Evaluation of multivoltine germplasm for high temperature & high humidity tolerance indicated that BMI-0062 exhibited less bacterial flacherie (0.33%) and BMI-0060 with high incidence (12.3%) and BMI-0045, BMI-0025, BMI-0040, BMI-0027, BMI-0062, BMI-0060, BMI-0001,BMI-0049 showed better performance in unfavourable season. Evaluation bivoltine revealed that accessions viz., BBE-0226, BBE-0258, BBE-0239, BBE-0020 had shown better tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
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Bioinformatics Projects
Project No.:CSGH
Organization :Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :National database on mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sekar S, Mukherjee P, Pavan Kumar T, Goel AK, Thangavelu K
Project Period :1994-1999
Objectives :
· To develop software for integrated database and descriptor preparation for mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
· Software for statistical analysis of mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
· Query base programme on mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :The source code of data storage and data retrieval facility was modified as per the requirement suggested by the scientists of SMGS to make easy report generation. New programmes were developed for augmented RBD experiment and mulberry disease experiment season-wise data storage, computation and retrieval facility.
Both Mulberry Germplasm Information System (MGIS) and Silkworm Germplasm information System (SGIS) were converted to FOXPRO for speedier data processing & retrieval, efficient file handling and statistical analysis. The database import facility for commercial statistical packages for ANOVA, t-test, correlation & regression analysis, stability and principal component analysis was developed. Augmented RBD database program was developed for mulberry germplasm evaluation.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1995 –1999
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Project No.:CSGH
Organisation : Central Sericulture Germplasm Resource Centre, Hosur
Project Title :National database on mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
Personnel :Sekar S, Mukherjee P, Thangavelu K, Goel AK
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :To develop software programs on database management for mulberry and silkworm genetic resources.
Results/Recommendations :Software for integrated database and descriptor preparation for mulberry and silkworm genetic resources, software for statistical analysis for mulberry and silkworm genetic resources and query base program on mulberry and silkworm genetic resources were fine tuned with more modules. Catalogues (Volume-2) on Mulberry and Silkworm germplasm was published.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 1999-2000
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