Mulberry Pathology
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on powdery mildew (Phyllactinia coreylia) on mulberry.
Project Period :1967-1970
Objectives :To find out the effect of finding silkworms with mulberry leaves affected by powdery mildew.
Results/Recommendations :
· Since the incidence of powdery mildew was very little, rearing experiments for finding out harmful effect of feeding the silkworms could not be taken up.
· It is proposed to take up for what extent the enzyme activities are affected on account of the attack of pathogens.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1969-70
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on the occurrence of Leaf-spot disease of mulberry.
Project Period :1969-1971
Objectives :To find out the harmful effects of feeding silkworm with mulberry affected by leaf spot disease.
Results/Recommendations :The cocoon qualities suffered to a great extent in respect of batches fed with leaf spot affected leaves. The cocoons test revealed the harmful effects on the yield, silk content, filament length, single cocoon shell weight etc. These investigations had revealed that definite harmful effects on the health of silkworms resulting in deleterious effect on cocoon production.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1969-71
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Analysis of Spotted and Non-spotted leaves.
Project Period :1969-70
Results/Recommendations :In the spotted leaves the crude protein as well as total mineral content was low as compared to the control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1969-70
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigations on the occurrence of leaf spot disease of mulberry.
Project Period :1970-71
Objectives :To find out the harmful effects of feeding silkworm with mulberry affected by leaf spot disease.
Results/Recommendations :The cocoon qualities suffered to a great extent in respect of batches fed with leaf spot affected leaves. The cocoon tests revealed the harmful effects on the yield, silk content, length of the filament, single cocoon shell weight etc. These investigations had revealed that definite harmful effects on the health of silkworms resulting in deleterious effect on cocoon production.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1970-71
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigations of the occurrence of leaf spot diseases on mulberry-Feeding trials with leaf spot affected leaves.
Personnel :Suryanarayan SK, Madhava Rao YR
Project Period :1973-1975
Objectives :To find out the effect of feeding the silkworm with spotted leaves.
Results/Recommendations :The growth and the weight of the larvae were affected. The moulting period was extended to 1 day and 19 hrs. more than in case of controls. The cocoon characters like yield, weight, shell wt., filament length and percentage of silk were also affected as compared to control. But mortality was not observed in the treatments. These experiments have shown that the spot diseased leaves are not suitable for feeding silkworms.
Source of Information :Annual Report - 1973-75
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Control of diseases of mulberry-Feeding experiments to study the residual effects of fungicides on silkworms.
Project Period :1973-1974
Objectives :To find out the effects on the silkworms with Bordeaux, Blitox, Cercobin and Difolatan 80w sprayed leaves under the laboratory conditions.
Results/Recommendations :Cercobin and Difolatan 80W have very less residual effects on the silkworm. Regarding the economic characters of cocoons it was observed that there was no variation between the treated and the control.
Source of Information :Annual Report - 1973-74
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on powdery mildew disease of mulberry. Isolation of varieties resistant to powdery mildew disease.
Personnel : Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR
Project Period :1975-1976
Objectives :To isolate powdery mildew resistant varieties.
Results/Recommendations :It is observed that Assamabola x Philippine is showing the least degree of infection by the mildew, while the highest incidence of 66.7 and 62.7% was recorded for Local and Kanva-2.
Source of Information :Annual Report-1975-76
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on powdery mildew disease of mulberry- Screening of fungicides for controlling the powdery mildew.
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR
Project Period :1975-1976
Objectives :To study the effects of fungicides on the incidence of powdery mildew.
Results/Recommendations :0.2% Karathane and 0.2% Morestan have given satisfactory results with only 1-2% of incidence as compared to 21% in control leaves.
Source of Information :Annual Report-1975-76
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Foliar and soil application of the proprietary products on micronutrients of leaf yield of mulberry.
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR
Project Period :1975-1976
Objectives :The proprietary products of micronutrients viz., Zimag and Multiplex have claimed as very effective in increasing the yields in plants due to supplementation of micronutrients.
Results/Recommendations :The observation show that these micronutrient substitutes are not very useful in increasing the leaf yield.
Source of Information :Annual Report-1975-76
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Screening of weedicides against Solanum eleagnifolium (Silver leaf night shade).
Personnel : Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR
Project Period :1975-1977
Objectives : To screen the weedicide against Solanum elaegnifolium in Kolar area.
Results/Recommendations :Control of the weed populations recorded 89-80% where 2 sprays are given. In case of one spray 84-69%, control was recorded.
Source of Information :Annual Report-1975-77
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey on diseases of mulberry-Leaf spot disease.
Personnel : Sikdar AK, Shenoi MM
Project Period :1977-1979
Objectives: To conduct survey on diseases of mulberry
Results/Recommendations :S54 with 66% and EB x Kosen with 30.2% infection exhibited maximum and minimum infection respectively to leaf spot disease.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-79
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey on diseases of mulberry-Leaf Rust disease
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Shenoi MM
Project Period :1977-1979
Objectives: To conduct survey on diseases of mulberry
Results/Recommendations :Maximum percentage of infection of 40.6% was noticed in S54 followed by 34% in S41. Minimum percentage of infection of 13.6% was recorded in Kanva-2.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-79
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on Leaf spot disease-A Scale to score leaf spot disease.
Project Period :1977-1978
Objectives :To score the disease incidence in plots using a Standard Scale.
Results/Recommendations :A new scale with 5 grades was developed to score the intensity of leaf spot disease based on visual observation on spot characters.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-78
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on Leaf spot disease-Production of conidia from stages of leaf spot.
Project Period :1977-1978
Objectives :Identifying acute and chronic spots of infection, which are responsible for the build up of inoculum during favourable conditions.
Results/Recommendations :Stage-2 i.e., spots turning brown was identified as acute stage of infection with maximum production of conidia. Stage 1 & 5 produced less number of conidia compared to other 3 stages.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-78
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on Root knot nematode disease of mulberry-Control of root knot disease by soil fumigation.
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Shenoi MM, Bharathi A
Project Period :1977-1979
Objectives: To control root knot disease of mulberry by soil fumigation.
Results/Recommendations :It was observed that the number of knots in DD mixture fumigated plot is 8.4 knots/plants whereas 187.5 and 221.5 knots/plant were observed in Nemagon fumigated and non-fumigated (control) plots respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-79
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on weeds in mulberry garden-Studies on mulberry - weeds competition.
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Shenoi MM
Project Period :1977-1978
Objectives :To study the effect of different densities of weeds on mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Three weeds namely Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon an Oxalis acetasella were maintained in pots with one Kanva2 sapling and significant reduction in fresh and dry weight of mulberry was noticed due to its competition with Cyperus rotundus and Cynodon dactylon
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-78
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Maintenance of mulberry garden-Estimation of losses due to powdery mildew.
Personnel : Jammy TR, Francis M
Project period:1977-1982
Objectives : To find out the effect of fungicide in the control of powdery mildew disease as it prevalent throughout the year.
Results/Recommendations :It was observed that Bavistin spray at 0.02% concentration is effective in controlling the powdery mildew disease.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-82
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on Leaf Spot disease-Assessment of leaf yield loss due to weeds.
Personnel :Jolly MS, Sastry CR, Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR, Bharathi A, Bongale UD
Project Period :1978-1981
Objectives :To estimate the loss of leaf yield due to weeds infestation in field condition.
Results/Recommendations :0 4, 8, 16, 32 weeds/sq mt of mulberry garden were maintained the leaf yield loss was from 30.36% to 57.23% in 4 weeds/sq mt and 32 weeds/sq ft.
Source of Information :Annual Report: 1977-81
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Residual toxicity of weedicides on silkworms-Effect of different weedicides plot leaves on silkworm rearing.
Personnel :Jolly MS, Samson MV, Nataraju B
Project Period :1980-1981
Objectives :To find out the suitability of leaves from plots sprayed with weedicide after specific duration for silkworm rearing.
Results/Recommendations :
· The data indicated that feeding silkworms with leaves obtained from mulberry plots sprayed with weedicides has not adverse effects on the silkworms.
· The disease recorded for different treatments though display higher mortality percentages (4.6-11.5%) over control (4.3) are not significantly very high.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1980-81
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on mulberry diseases and their control measures-Control of leaf spot disease by fungicides.
Personnel :Jolly MS, Sikdar AK, Govindaiah, Giridhar K
Project Period :1980-1985
Objectives : To control leaf spot disease by fungicides.
Results/Recommendations :Feeding of spot infected leaves to silkworm is deleterious to silkworm larvae. Bavistin at 0.2% was recommended for the control of the disease.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on mulberry diseases and their control measures-Screening of mulberry genotypes for disease resistance to leaf spot, leaf rust and root knot diseases.
Personnel :Sikdar AK, Madhava Rao YR, Giridhar K
Project Period :1980-1985
Objectives : To screen mulberry genotypes for disease resistance to leaf spot, leaf rust and root knot diseases.
Results/Recommendations :Varieties S54 and EB x Kosen showed resistant to leaf spot and local, S41, B763 and Mandalaya were found moderately resistant to root knot disease while incidence of leaf rust was observed in almost all the varieties (>20%)
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on mulberry diseases and their control measures-Survey of mulberry disease.
Personnel :Sastry CR, Sikdar AK, Giridhar K
Project Period :1980-1985
Objectives : To conduct survey on mulberry disease.
Results/Recommendations :Incidence of two diseases viz., stem canker and sooty mould were recorded. Root knot incidence was severe at Mugur, K.P. Doddi and Kollegal and more prevalent in sandy soil under irrigated farming system. The incidence of leaf spot was observed more during rainy followed by winter.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on mulberry diseases and their control measures-Control of root knot nematode disease by application of oil cake and its residual toxicity on silkworm.
Personnel :Jolly MS, Sastry CR, Sikdar AK, Govindaiah
Project Period :1980-1985
Objectives : To control root knot nematode disease by application of oil cake and its residual toxicity on silkworm.
Results/Recommendations :Temik 10G (3 kg ai/ha) and Neem oil cake (1 ton/ha) in 4 split doses/year were found to be effective against the root knot nematode disease and recommended to field. Bioassay study was conducted and results showed that the toxic effect was not found on silkworms after 40-45 days of Temik 10G application.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on leaf spot disease-Efficacy of Bayleton 25wp and Baycor 25wp against leaf spot.
Personnel : Jolly MS, Sastry CR, Sikdar AK, Govindaiah
Project Period :1981-1983
Objectives :To find out an effective and economic fungicide for the control of leaf spot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Bavistin was the most effective fungicide compared to Bayleton and Baycor.
· Bavistin is economical at 0.01% concentration
· There was no residual toxicity in the leaves after seven days from the date of spraying.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-83
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on root-knot disease of mulberry-Control of root-knot disease by Temik 10G (Aldicarb) oil cakes and trap crops (Marigold).
Personnel :Jolly MS, Sastry CR, Sikdar AK
Project Period :1981-1983
Objectives :To find out the effect of nematicides and deoiled cakes to reduce the nematode disease infestation and to improve plant growth.
Results/Recommendations :
· Aldicarb application at 3 kg ai/ha/yr applied once in 3 months has given considerable improvement in plant growth and reduced the disease infestation.
· Neem oil cake-application at 1 ton/ha/yr applied once in 3 months in proved plant growth and reduced the disease.
· Aldicarb and Neem oil cake application are found to be economical.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1981-83
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the leaf spot disease of mulberry-Incidence of leaf spot disease under different agronomical practices.
Project Period :1982-1984
Objectives :To study the disease incidence under different spacings, harvest methods, and nitrogen application and to find out suitable agronomical practices for the disease control.
Results/Recommendations :Powdery mildew incidence was studied under various agronomical practices like different spacings. Under 2' x 1' spacing the disease incidence was 16.59% and it has increased upto 35.78% in 4' x 2' spacing, but the disease occurrence was decreased to 19.09% under 4' x 2½' spacing. There was no significant difference between crown height harvest method and their interaction with regard to disease incidence.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1982-84
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry varieties for disease resistance-Screening of mulberry varieties for leaf spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust and root knot nematode.
Project Period :1982-1984
Objectives :To study the degree of disease resistance of different mulberry varieties for exploitation in breeding programmes.
Results/Recommendations :About 20 high yielding varieties of mulberry were screened for leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases. The incidence of leaf spot ranged between 5 to 15% and that of powdery mildew about 10-30% during Dec-Jan.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1982-84
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on root-knot disease of mulberry-Survey and incidence of root-knot disease of mulberry.
Project Period :1983-1985
Objectives :To find out the occurrence of root-knot disease at two Research Extension areas namely Krishnapuradoddi under irrigated condition and at Mugur under rainfed conditions.
Results/Recommendations :Survey on the incidence of root-knot nematode infestation in mulberry gardens was conducted in RSRS, Kollegal area covering 03 gardens comprising 134 acres, under rainfed and irrigated conditions. The incidence was observed mostly in the irrigated gardens of lighter soils (20 acres) and less in black cotton soils, under both rainfed and irrigated conditions.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-85
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies and control measures of important mulberry pests/diseases-Studies on the root-knot nematode disease of mulberry-Pre-planting application of nematicides and oil cakes for the control of root-knot disease in mulberry.
Project Period :1983-1986
Objectives :To study the effects of nematicides and Neem oil cake as pre-planting applications for the control of nematode incidence in infestation prone gardens.
Results/Recommendations :Field experiments were conducted by using different Nematicides like Temik 10 G (Aldicarb), Furadon and Neem oil cake as pre-planting applications for the control of root knot nematode disease. The leaf yield and root knots were recorded for assessment of disease. The number of root-knot/plant decreased considerably in Aldicarb application (38%) followed by Furadon (28%) and Neem oil cake applications (27%) whereas highest increase in leaf yield was found in Neem oil cake (76%) followed by Aldicarb (47%) and Furadon (23%) over control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1983-86
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Effect of different dosages of nematicides and neem oil cake on the incidence of root knot disease in mulberry.
Personnel :Madhava Rao YR, Govindaiah
Project Period :1984-1986
Objectives :To find out effective and suitable dosage of Nematicides and Neem oil cake for the control of root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Application of Aldicarb 500 mg/plant, Furadon 500 mg/plant and Neem oil cake 30 gm/plant reduces the disease and increased the leaf yield by 42%, 42% and 26% respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1984-86
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the alternate and collateral weed hosts for root knot nematode in mulberry garden.
Personnel :Madhava Rao YR, Govindaiah
Project Period :1984-1986
Objectives :To study the common weeds of mulberry garden which act as spreading agent of root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :45 common weeds of mulberry garden were studied. Out of these, 13 weeds showed severe infestation.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1984-86
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of mulberry varieties for disease resistance-Screening for leaf spot and leaf rust disease.
Personnel : Madhava Rao YR, Dinesh Kumar
Project Period :1985-1986
Objectives :To study the resistance of different mulberry varieties for leaf spot, leaf rust and powdery mildew disease.
Results/Recommendations :
Leaf Spot: Among 15 high yielding varieties screened, disease incidence found very less in varieties S54 (1.2%), S1 (1.41%), RFS135 (2.10%) and Assamabola (3.53%) and these varieties found to be more in variety local (27.91%), S41 (21.98%) and S30 (23.49%) and they are more susceptible for Leaf spot disease.
Leaf Rust: Among 15 high yielding varieties, disease incidence was not found in variety viz., B763, B776, B799, S1, OPH1, RFS135, Assamabola, AB x Phil and EB x Kosen are found to be more resistant for leaf rust disease.
The disease observed in varieties like Local, K2, S30, S36, S41 and S54 the disease ranged from 10.71% to 28.56%.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1985-86
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on alternate weed host of root knot disease of mulberry.
Personnel :Madhava Rao YR, Dinesh Kumar
Project Period :1985-1986
Objectives :To study the common weeds of mulberry garden which act as spreading agent or root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Out of 45 weeds screened disease found very severe in 13 weeds viz., Mimosa pudica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Axalis corniculata, Cleoma viscosa, Borreria ocymoidas, Digera arvensis, Trianthema monogyna, Astereantha longifolia, Waltheria indica, Lagasca mollis and Brachiaria reptons weeds in addition to compete for food with mulberry also spreads the root knot disease.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1985-86
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Screening of mulberry varieties against root knot disease.
Personnel :Madhava Rao YR, Dinesh Kumar
Project Period :1985-1987
Objectives :To study the resistance of all the available varieties of mulberry for root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :25 mulberry varieties were screened to assess the relative resistance/susceptibility to root-knot disease. Among these varieties like S30, S54, S1, RFS135, RFS175, Mizusawa, Assambola, OPH 1 and Acc. 115 are found to be moderately resistant to the disease. The number of root-knots and egg masses/plant were 0-49 and 0-21.25 respectively in these varieties.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1985-87
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies and control measure of important mulberry pest/diseases-Studies on the occurrence and control measures of foliage diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1987
Objectives :To study the occurrence of foliage diseases under different agronomical practices and to test different fungicides for the control of the diseases.
Results/Recommendations :The incidence of leaf spot and powdery mildew were 0.32 to 15.70% and 1.77 to 18.5% respectively. At present, identification of 10 fungi are found to be new to mulberry. For stem and leaf blight disease pathogenicity trial has been completed and fungal isolates are found to be pathogenic.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-87
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the incidence and intensity of powdery mildew and leaf rust diseases and their control measures using fungicides.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Gunashekar V
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives :To study the incidence and intensity of powdery mildew and leaf rust diseases in different seasons and climatic conditions and to screen fungicides for the control of disease.
Results/Recommendations :Out of five fungicides tested Karathane and Bavistin are found effective for powdery mildew and Foltaf, Bavistin and Sulfex for rust disease. Besides controlling the disease all the fungicides also showed a trend of growth stimulation.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1989-90
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of disease resistant varieties of mulberry-Screening of mulberry varieties for leaf spot diseases.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :To study the disease resistance/susceptibility of different germplasm varieties of mulberry for leaf spot disease.
Results/Recommendations :
· During the period, 100 germplasm varieties of mulberry were screened for leaf spot disease in rainy and winter seasons. During the rainy season, out of 100 germplasm varieties screened 90 were found affected by leaf spot disease. Among these, the percentage incidence ranged (from 1.58-10% in 21 varieties, 10-20% in 36 varieties and in others it was between 20-41%. However, Acc 125, Punjab local, C776 and K2 were found to be resistant showing 1.58%, 3.96%, 4.83% of resistance respectively.
· During winter season, only 25 varieties were affected with this disease and the maximum of 15.9% of disease incidence was recorded in M12 x Catt (P7-P9) and in other varieties the percentage incidence was ranged from 1.22% (S30) to 9.38%. Further, Acc 125, Punjab local (C776 and Kanva-2 were not affected by the disease).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Screening of mulberry varieties for powdery mildew disease.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :To study the disease resistance/susceptibility of different germplasm varieties of mulberry for powdery mildew disease.
Results/Recommendations :During the rainy season 46 varieties were found affected by the disease. Of these, in 21 varieties the percentage incidence was recorded in between 0.42-10% and in others except in Punjab local (30.2%) all others recorded between 10-20% of disease incidence. Whereas during winter only 18 varieties were recorded with powdery mildew in all the varieties the disease incidence was 1.9% (Miz x Cat) to 9.3% (AB x Phil) except C776, EB x Kosen and K2 x BC showing 14.55, 12.42 and 14.78% of disease incidence respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Screening of mulberry varieties for leaf rust disease.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :To study the disease resistance/susceptibility of different germplasm varieties of mulberry for leaf rust diseases.
Results/Recommendations :The percentage incidence of the disease ranged in between 20-30 in 31 varieties 30-40 in 36 varieties and 40-50 in 4 varieties. Five varieties viz., Acc.106 (15.09%), S1531 (16.3%) S523 (20.96%), Himachal local (20.89%) and Acc.124 (13.08%) were found to be moderately resistant and Acc.151 (0.01%), Local x Kokuso (3.03%) and Acc.121 (8.55%) have shown the resistance to the disease during the season.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the root knot nematode disease of mulberry-Effect of different dosages of Furadon for the control of root-knot disease.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :To test the effect of nematicide (Furadon) for the control of root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Furadon application considerably reduced the root-knot disease and improved the plant growth and the yield. An average of 11.18 -23.95% plant growth and 16.41-37.17% leaf yield was increased in different treatments over control. The number of root-knots was reduced by 52-81 and the number of egg mass per gram root weight by 50.13-82.45% over control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Effect of Neem and Pongamia green leaves incorporation to the soil for the control of root knot disease.
Personnel : Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1988
Objectives :To test the efficacy of green leaves of Pongamia and Neem for controlling root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Mulching was done at 1 ton/acre/yr in both the cases. Pongamia green leaves mulching was found to be more effective over neem leaves. In case of the pongamia the leaf yield was increased by 28.44-41.17% followed by neem leaves 16.13-38.67% over control. The number of roots and egg masses were found to be very much reduced (94.51 and 94.73% in pongamia and 89.89-90.64% in neem) over control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey on distribution of root knot disease in extension areas.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gargi, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1987
Objectives :To study the occurrence and distribution of root knot disease in different soil type under irrigated and rainfed conditions in extension areas.
Results/Recommendations :During the year, survey on root knot disease was conducted at Madaksira and Bidaraguppe areas. At REC, Madakasira disease was not present in all the 20 gardens surveyed covering 7 villages. In Bidaraguppe areas, out of 37 gardens surveyed, 18% were found to be affected.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-87
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on control of Tukra disease of mulberry (RSRS, Salem).
Personnel :Gangwar SK, Chandrasekar M, Veeraiah TM, Thangavelu K
Project period:1986-1987
Objective: To control Tukra disease of mulberry
Results/Recommendations :Nuvacron, Metasystox and Delson 50 at 0.05%, A.I. were selected for treatments. Among the insecticides tested, Nuvacron has resulted 50% control of mealy bugs and was safe for silkworm rearing after 7th day of spray.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-87
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey of mulberry diseases-a) Root knot Nematode and b) Other diseases
Personnel :Thangavelu K, Veeraiah TM, Chandrasekar M
Project period:1986-1987
Objective:To conduct survey on mulberry diseases
Results/Recommendations :
Root knot nematode :Soil samples were collected from 10 places covering two districts of Madurai and Dharmapuri and were observed for the presence of mulberry root knot nematode. One samples from Madurai district and town from Dharmapuri district revealed the presence of Meloidogyne sp.
Other diseases :During December 1986, 2% incidence of mulberry bacterial leaf spot was noticed in P.M. Palayam and NKP Road villages.
Stem rot on MR2 mulberry variety was noticed during November 1986 in Pudupatti, Fungal leaf spot of mulberry was also noticed during November, 1986.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1986-87
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the occurrence and control measures of important disease of mulberry-Screening of mulberry varieties for disease resistance against leaf spot, powdery mildew and leaf rust disease.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Gunashekar V, Govindaiah
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives :To screen the genotypes resistance against leaf spot, powdery mildew and leaf rust diseases.
Results/Recommendations :More than 100 genotypes were screened to know the resistance against leaf spot, powdery mildew and leaf rust diseases. Varieties Kalliakuthai and Bilidevalaya were found resistant to leaf spot while MR2 and Kalliakuthai to powdery mildew. However, one of the varieties were found immune and resistant to leaf rust disease.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on occurrence and control measures of important diseases of mulberry-Effect of different doses of neem oil cake and furadon on control of root knot disease.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Govindaiah
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives : To studythe effect of different doses of neem oil cake and furadon on control of root knot disease of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Application of Furadan (40 kg) or Neem oil cake ( 2 ton) per ha/yr in 4 split doses has been reduced the disease severity by 67.87 and 63.73% respectively. There is no residual toxicity of furadon after 40-45 days of application on silkworm.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on occurrence and control measures of important disease of mulberry-Effect of mulching of green leaves and intercropping of marigold plants on control of root knot disease.
Personnel : Govindaiah, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives : To study the effect of mulching of green leaves and intercropping of marigold plants on control of root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Mulching of green leaves of Neem/pongamia (2 ton/ha/crop) and intercropping of marigold plants (30 cm distance) has reduced the disease severity by 60.66 and 54.60% respectively. There is no residual toxicity on silkworm even after 2 days of application.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on occurrence and control measures of important disease of mulberry-Studies on epidermal features of germplasm varieties in relation to disease resistance.
Personnel :Tomy Philip, Govindaiah, Nishita Naik V
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives : To study the epidermal features of germplasm varieties in relation to disease resistance.
Results/Recommendations :25 mulberry varieties were screened in relation to anatomical and structural features to know the resistance/susceptibility. The varieties which are having thick cuticle/epidermal layers, high amount of wax and less stomatal frequency are found to be resistant against leaf spot (Bilidevalya and Kallikuttai) than those with thin cuticle/epidermal layers.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on occurrence and control measures of important disease of mulberry-Screening of mulberry varieties against root knot disease for resistance.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD, Gunashekar V
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives :To assess the mulberry genotypes for their relative resistance/susceptibility against root knot disease.
Results/Recommendations :100 mulberry genotypes were screened to assess their relative resistance/susceptibility against root knot disease. Genotypes S30, S31, RFS135 and Assamabola showed moderately resistant reaction against the disease.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on occurrence and control measures of important disease of mulberry-Survey on root knot disease of mulberry.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD
Project Period :1986-1990
Objectives : To conduct survey on root knot disease of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Survey conducted in 3 districts of Karnataka and found 57.7, 61.8 and 13.0% of disease incidence in Bangalore, Mandya and Mysore districts, respectively. In Bidaraguppe, out of 37 gardens surveyed, 18% was found to be affected by the disease whereas none of the gardens were affected at Madakasira.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Control of root-knot nematode by Rugby 10G the nematicide.
Personnel : Govindaiah, Sharma DD, Gunashekar V
Project Period :1987-1989
Objectives :To test the effect of Rugby 10G for the control of root-knot nematode disease.
Results/Recommendations :Field experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of Furadon in different dosages (2, 4, 6 kg ai/ha/yr). Furadon application considerably reduced the root-knot disease and improved plant growth and leaf yield over control. Rugby 10G was found effective in pre and post treatment application under pot culture experiment. It reduced root-knots and egg masses considerably.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-89
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on Bacterial disease of mulberry-Culturing, Identification pathogenicity trials of pathogenic bacteria and their control measures.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD, Gunashekar V
Project Period :1987-1989
Objectives :To study the common bacterial diseases of mulberry and their control measures.
Results/Recommendations :Eight bacteria were isolated, purified from diseased leaf samples collected from different places like Mysore, Palghat, Kanjirapally and RSRS, Coonoor and maintained on nutrient agar media. Seven bacterial cultures were send to US Department of Agriculture, USA for identification. The above cultures were studied and identified for gram positive and gram negative bacteria and identified as Pseudomonas mori and Xanthomonas species. Various in vitro fungicides were screened against Pseudomonas mori and Foltaf and Dithane M45 were found effective on par with recommended antibiotic (Streptocycline).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-89
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey on mulberry diseases in Tamilnadu.
Project period:1987-1988
Objectives :Studies on different mulberry diseases in Tamilnadu.
Results/Recommendations :Leaf spot in rainy season and tukra in summer are the important diseases in Tamilnadu followed by bacterial blight in rainy season, violet and white root rot and powdery mildew in winter. Tukra is comparatively more severe on MR2 variety followed by Local and K2 mulberry varieties.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Incidence on the nematode Xiphinema basiri on mulberry in Tamilnadu.
Project period:1987-1988
Objectives :To study the effect of nematode on mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Nemotode infested plantations were recorded at Sevalur, Pillavakkal and Srivilliputhur (Kamaraja District) and Mavuthurkarai. During July 1987, 50% wilting was recorded at Konam, 25% at Sriviiliputhur and 5% at Sevalur, Pillavakkal and Maruthur-Karai and the incidence was sporadic in all to other sericulture places. The casual organism was observed to be Xiphinema basiri, which is a first record on mulberry.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-88
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the new fungal diseases of mulberry and their pathogenecity trials.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1988-1991
Objectives :To study and identify the new fungal diseases of mulberry if any.
Results/Recommendations :A new leaf blight disease was found in seed nurseries of different mulberry varieties grown at CSR&TI, Mysore. Most of the seedlings (70-80%) and also saplings grown nearby were found infected by the disease. The disease symptoms on leaf were characterized by the initial appearance of slight burning at the leaf tip, later spreading towards the base and gradually entering the main stem through petiole.
The present study revealed that Alternaria alternata is potential pathogen and may become a main threat to mulberry cultivation in future.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-91
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Survey on different diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :To assess the incidence, intensity and prevalence of various diseases of mulberry grown under different agro climatic conditions.
Results/Recommendations :Survey on the incidence, intensity and prevalence of different mulberry diseases has been conducted at CSRTI, Mysore and its REC areas of Madivala, Sirsi, Palghat, Kanjirapally and Coimbatore during winter and rainy seasons.
RECs
Leaf spot
Leaf Rust
Powdery mildew
Leaf Blight
Root knot
Other Diseases
Kanjirapalli
5.11
15.43
3.77
-
-
-
Palghat
9.50
0.37
4.65
-
-
-
Coimbatore
1.62
4.31
-
-
-
-
Sirsi
-
3.10
8.50
0.20
Wilting -0.1%
Madivala
2.10
0.74
7.00
20.0
-
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Biological control of root-knot disease of mulberry by marigold intercropping and soil Actinomycetes.
Personnel : Govindaiah, Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :To find out suitable biological control method of controlling of the root-knot disease of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Marigold has been planted at a distance of 15, 30 and 45 cm. Intercropping at 30 cm distance considerably reduced the disease intensity having 12.51 root-knot/plant and 2.29 egg masses/g fresh weight root tissue, whereas control represents with 48.48 root knots/plant and 10.49 egg masses/g fresh weight of root.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the viability of nematode eggs.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives :To know the survival of the nematode eggs under different temperatures.
Results/Recommendations :Eggs of the nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) were collected from the diseased mulberry roots and kept at different temperatures (10, 20, 30 & 40°C) for a period of one year. Results reveal that eggs of Meloidogyne incognita remain viable at 10°C upto 175 days, 145 days, at 20°C, 40 days at 30°C and 25 days at 40°C.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1988-89
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studeis on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Field evaluation of fungicides for the control of powdery mildew disease.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Gunashekar V, Thiagarajan V
Project Period :1988-1992
Objectives :To test the efficacy of fungicides for the control of powdery mildew disease.
Results/Recommendations : Fungicides like Bavistin, Karathane, Sulfex, Kavach, Dithane M-45 and Foltaf at 0.1 and 0.2% concentrations were tested for the control of powdery mildew. Experimental data revealed that Bavistin and Karathane were effective at both concentrations tested and checked the disease incidence upto 75-81% over control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1992-93
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on Tukra disease-Control of tukra disease with insecticides (RSRS, Salem).
Project period:1988-1991
Objectives :To find out suitable control measures for tukra disease in Tamil Nadu.
Results/Recommendations :Quinolphos (Ekalux), Phorate (Foratex), Dimethoate (Rogor) and Methylparathion (Metacid) are effective in controlling tukra incidence and improving leaf yield.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1987-88, Directory of Concluded Projects – CSRTI, Mysore.
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on incidence of mulberry diseases in Tamil Nadu in respect of area, season, climate and variety. (RSRS, Salem)
Personnel :Thangavelu K, Veeraiah TM, Gangwar SK, Chandrasekar M, Rajkumar
Project Period :1988-1989
Objectives : To study the incidence of mulberry diseases in Tamil Nadu in respect of area, season, climate and variety.
Results/Recommendations :Tukra in summer and bacterial blight in monsoon season are most severe. Tukra caused more damage on K2 and S36 followed by local, MR2 and S54 were free from fungal leaf spot, bacterial blight and leaf rust. Powdery mildew was found on all varieties.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on root knot nematode disease of mulberry-Economic threshold level and avoidable leaf yield loss.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To study on root knot nematode disease of mulberry to understand the economic threshold level and to avoid leaf yield loss.
Results/Recommendations :Morus incognita was found to be highly pathogenic to mulberry and caused significant reduction in plant growth and leaf yield at 1000 larvae/plant. The avoidable leaf yield loss in field conditions was 11.8%.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on root knot nematode disease of mulberry-Identification of race of Meloidogyne incognita infesting mulberry.
Personnel : Sharma DD, Govindaiah
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives :To Identify the race of Meloidogyne incognita infesting mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :The race of Morus incognita infecting mulberry was recognized as race-2 based on its parasitism of different host plants like cotton, peanut, tobacco, pepper and watermelon
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Identification and control of Fusarium spp. associated with mulberry.
Personnel :Gupta VP, Govindaiah
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To Identify and control of Fusarium spp. associated with mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Fusarium pallidoroseum and F. moniliforme var. intermedium were observed causing leaf blight diseases. Whereas F. oxysporum was observed as a causal agent of leaf spot disease. Aqueous leaf extracts of Pongamia pinnata, Calotropis gigantia and Azadirachta indica, were found to be most effective which reduced diseases by 57.2-67.1% under green house conditions.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Evaluation of plant extract for the control of fungal diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Sarvamangala HS, Govindaiah
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives :To evaluate the plant extracts for the control of leaf spot and leaf rust disease in mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Various in vitro plants extracts were tested against the leaf spot and leaf rust disease in mulberry. Results revealed that A. indica inhibited the germination of uredospores to an extent of 91.2%. Whereas extracts of Eucalyptus sp. and Calotropis gigantia were highly fungi toxic against Cercospora moricola and inhibiting the conidial germination by 91.5 and 91.3% respectively. Under field condition, leaf extracts of Eucalyptus Spp. and C. gigantia reduced the incidence of leaf spot disease by 66.6% and 56% respectively.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Biological control of Fusarium disease in mulberry using Trichoderma spp.
Personnel :Latha J, Govindaiah
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To develop biological control of Fusarium disease in mulberry using Trichoderma spp.
Results/Recommendations :Various in vitro Trichoderma species were tested against Fusarium pallidoroseum causing leaf blight disease in mulberry. Results revealed that T. harzianum and T. viridae were found antagonistic against the pathogen at 20% concentration and reduced that radial growth of pathogen to an extent of 63.7 and 76.9% respectively.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Control of foliar diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Gunashekar V, Govindaiah, Sharma DD
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To control foliar diseases of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Bavistin and Karathane was found effective to control powdery mildew upto an extent of 75-79% whereas Foltaf and Kavach were effective in leaf rust control up to 50% and also increased 29% leaf yield. There is no residual effects of fungicides on silkworm growth and development even after feeding 2 days respectively.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Survey on the incidence of mulberry diseases and studies on the extent of adoption of plant protection measures by sericulturists.
Personnel :Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip, Sharma DD, Govindaiah
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To conduct survey on the incidence of mulberry diseases and studies on the extent of adoption of plant protection measures by sericulturists.
Results/Recommendations :Survey conducted in South India revealed that the incidence and severity was found varying from place to place. Incidence of leaf spot, rust, powdery mildew, leaf blight, bacterial blight, root knot and root rot varies from 0.5-23; 1-9; 0.5-13;, 1-20; 0.5-7.0; 3-55 and 1-15% respectively. Studies on the extent of adoption of plant protection measures have shown that though many of the farmers have knowledge about mulberry disease, only 0.73% were adopting them in the field. Adoption level increase corresponding to increase in education. The main reason for non-adoption was financial constraints of toxicity to silkworm and lack of knowledge on control measures and the ill effects of diseases on mulberry leaf quality.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Identification of new diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Gunashekar V, Tomy Philip, Sharma DD, Govindaiah, Swamy KS
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To study on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Identification of new diseases of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Myrothecium roridum (leaf spot), Alternaria alternata (Leaf blight), Collectrotrichum gleosporioides (Black leaf spot), C. lindermuthianum, Pestalatiposis disseminate (anthracnose), Fusarium moniliforme var. intermedium , F. pallidoroseum, F. pallidoroseum (leaf blight), Helminthosporium tetramera (leaf blight) and F. oxysporum (leaf spot) have been identified a new pathogens/disease in mulberry.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Influence of different agronomical practices on the intensity of major foliar diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Govindaiah, Das PK, Katiyar RS
Project Period :1990-1994
Objectives : To study the Influence of different agronomical practices on the intensity of major foliar diseases of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :An experiment on impact of different agronomical practices to know the intensity of foliar diseases like leaf spot, rust, powdery, leaf blight and bacterial blight were conducted. Closer spacings recorded more disease intensity than wider spacing (90 x 90 cm). Minimum disease intensity was observed in 20 kg bacterial biofertilizer (BBF) along with 150:180:120 kg NPK/ha/yr was applied followed by 300:180:120 kg NPK/ha and 20 kg BBF + 150:120:120 kg NPK/ha/yr. Intensity of all the five diseases were significantly reduced when VA mycorrhiza was applied along with 90 or 60 kg phosphatic fertilizers. Similarly, application of 20 kg bacterial biofertilizers along with 150:120:120 kg/ha/yr has also brought down the disease intensity of above mentioned five diseases in comparison to control where 300:120:120 kg NPK/ha/yr was applied without biofertilizers.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on root-rot diseases of mulberry and their control by chemical and biological methods.
Personnel :Tomy Philip, Latha J, Sharma DD, Govindaiah
Project Period :1993-1997
Objectives :To take up survey on the incidence of root-rot disease in mulberry growing areas of Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Results/Recommendations :Survey revealed that the disease incidence was noticed from 3 to 55% in infected gardens and causal agents were identified as Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum. An integrated new technology has been developed to manage the disease which involves the saplings root dipping in 0.1% Dithane M-45 solution for 30 minutes and soil application of Raksha, a new talc based bioformulation produced by Trichoderma harzianum (TH-1). This technology provides about 78% protection against the disease.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1992-97
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Control of root-knot nematode disease using nematicides, organic manures, intercrop and mulching of medicinal plants.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD, Himantharaj MT
Project Period :1993-1994
Objectives :To test the efficacy of nematicides, organic manures, intercrops and mulching of medicinal plants for the control of root knot nematode disease.
Results/Recommendations :Rugby 10G @ 20 kg/ha or neemcake @ 1MT/ha or sesamum intercropping may be followed as per the availability. Residual toxicity of these materials on silkworm was tested by feeding leaves from treated plots and non- toxic effect on silkworm growth and cocoon characters was recorded. Hence, Rugby 10G or Neemcake are recommended for immediate application after pruning along with the fertilizer.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1993-94
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Management of fungal diseases associated with mulberry nurseries.
Personnel :Gupta VP, Govindaiah
Project Period :1993-1994
Objectives : To evolve suitable controlling methods of fungal diseases associated with mulberry nurseries.
Results/Recommendations :Survey revealed that stem canker, cutting-rot, collar rot, sprout blight, root-rot, wilting and dying of saplings are the major diseases associated with mulberry during its initial establishment in nurseries as well as in fields.
Phoma Sorghina, Fusarium, Pallidoroseum and Collectotrichum gloeosporoides were identified to be pathogenic to mulberry cuttings and saplings causing collar rot and sprout/leaf blight. For the selection of effective biocontrol agents, 15 isolates of different Trichoderma species, Glicocladium virens and Laetisaria arvails were tested in vitro for their antogonistic abilities against all the above five pathogens of mulberry nursery.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1993-94
******
SubjectIndex :si 15
Sl No :381
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Effect of VA mycorrhizal application on the incidence of various mulberry diseases.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Govindaiah, Katiyar RS
Project Period :1993-1994
Objectives :The incidence of major mulberry diseases namely, leaf spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, leaf blight was recorded in a mycorrhizal experimental plot.
Results/Recommendations :Minimum disease incidence was recorded where Glomus fasciculatum along with phosphatic fertilizer @ 90 kg/ha was applied. The incidence of leaf spot, powdery mildew, leaf rust, leaf blight and bacterial blight was 3.87, 4.80, 5.38, 2.45 and 2.57% respectively. This is was followed by Glomus fasciculatum + 60 kg phosphatic fertilizer, where the incidence was 4.57, 5.16, 5.90, 2.97 and 3.4% respectively. The difference between these two treatments was non-significant and both Glomus fasciculatum and Glomus mossae were found equally effective for reducing the disease incidence, while in control, it was 6.85, 8.33, 8.27, 7.81 and 8.26% respectively.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1993-94
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Identification and evaluation of antagonistic microbes and development of integrated method for the control of root-knot nematode disease.
Personnel :Govindaiah, Sharma DD, Bajpai AK
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives :To study the comparative efficacy for controlling root knot nematode disease.
Results/Recommendations :The recommended chemical nematicides like Furadan and Rugby 10G are persistent in mulberry leaves for more than 40 days, costly and harmful to the beneficial soil microorganisms too. Thus a new eco-friendly technology involving biocontrol agent Verticillium chlamydosporium mixed with FYM and neem oil cake in the ratio of 1:200:24 at 80 kg bionematicide +20MT FYM + 2MT Neem oil cake/ha/yr was developed. The mixture should be applied in 3 doses/year at an interval of 4 months during cultural operations/fertilizer application followed by irrigation. It reduces the disease severity by 85-90% and leaf yield increased by 23%.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1994-97
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Mulberry diseases and their management-Soil borne disease and their integrated management-Field evaluations for the control of major soil borne diseases (root knot) of mulberry.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Chandrashekar DS, Srikantaswamy K, Govindaiah
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To evaluate suitable methods for controlling of the major soil borne diseases (root knot) of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Furadan @ 40 kg/ha/yr and neem oil cake @ 2 ton/ha/yr were applied in 4 split doses at 10 farmers fields. Neem oil cake reduced the number of root knot /plant, egg mass production/plant and nematode population in soil by 66.75, 67.54 and 73.05% respectively and leaf yield increased by 18.87%. However, application of Furadan reduces by 72.12, 73.68 and 76.10% respectively and leaf yield increase was 16.91% over non protected plants.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar diseases of mulberry and their management-Epidemiology and control of foliar diseases of mulberry in farmers gardens.
Personnel :Gunashekar V, Gupta VP, Srikantaswamy K
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To study the epidemiology and control of foliar diseases of mulberry in farmers gardens.
Results/Recommendations :Eight crops data on the incidence and development of major foliar diseases was recorded in 10 farmers garden at an interval of 7-10 days starting from pruning to 60 days crop. Occurrence of diseases was almost negligible during January to June and was found severe from July to December. Leaf rust was found initiated 35-40 days and reaches upto 46% severity with 36% defoliation of coarse leaf within 6 days. Similarly leaf spot was found initiated between 20-25 days after pruning and severity extended upto 36%. Whereas powdery mildew incidence was found sporadic, depending on rainfall and number of rainy days.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on integrated management of various mulberry diseases-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management - Assessment of qualitative and quantitative crop loss due to foliar fungal diseases.
Personnel :Srikantaswamy K, Govindaiah
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To assess the qualitative and quantitative crop loss due to foliar fungal diseases.
Results/Recommendations :Maximum leaf rust incidence was recorded in S54 (29.8%) and minimum in local (9.5%) with the leaf yield loss ranging from 5.1-16.8%. Maximum loss was recorded in S36 and minimum in local. In case of leaf spot, maximum disease incidence was recorded in local (17.5%) and minimum in S13 (3.5%) with the loss ranging from 2.3-20%. Maximum loss was in local (20%) and minimum in S13 (2.3%). Reduction of total proteins and sugars was observed in affected leaves of all the varieties. Further, it is also observed that more phenolic content was synthesized in infected leaves at faster rate due to host pathogen interaction.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Mulberry diseases and their management-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Phytotoxin production and in vitro screening of mulberry germplasm against leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora moricola.
Personnel :Gunashekar V
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To study the phytotoxin production and in vitro screening of mulberry germplasm against leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora moricola.
Results/Recommendations :Cercospora moricola was isolated from infected leaf collected from different parts of south India. Effect of environmental factors on growth of Cercospora moricola was determined in infected leaf. Toxin was extracted and protocol was developed.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Mulberry diseases and their management-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Evaluation of mulberry genotypes for disease resistance.
Personnel : Chandrashekar DS, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To evaluat mulberry genotypes for disease resistance.
Results/Recommendations :Kajali and MS2 and yield trial varieties S30 x Ber C776, K2 x Kosen, Miz x RFS135, Miz x S41, Acc.155, Ber S799 were identified as resistant/tolerant to leaf spot while Cattaneo and China peking as resistant/tolerant to leaf rust.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Mulberry diseases and their management-Studies on foliar disease of mulberry and their management-Field evaluation for the control of major foliar diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Srikantaswamy K, Gupta VP, Gunashekar V
Project Period :1994-1997
Objectives : To control major foliar diseases of mulberry in the field.
Results/Recommendations :On farm demonstrations were conducted for leaf spot, powdery mildew and leaf diseases in farmers fields. Recommended fungicides Bavistin (0.2%) was sprayed for the control of leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases and Foltaf (0.2%) for leaf rust. The disease severity was reduced to an extent of 70-85% and 50-85% due to leaf spot, powdery mildew and leaf rust respectively in protected plots, resulting in an increase in leaf yield from 767-1277 kg, 362-1556 kg and 305-1415 kg/ac/crop.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of some antagonistic microbes for biological control of foliar diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Shivapratap HR, Tomy Philip
Project Period :1995-1996
Objectives :To identify effective biocontrol agents against major diseases, especially on the foliage.
Results/Recommendations :The present study clearly reveals that potential of some Trichoderma sp. as a possible biocontrol agent for foliar diseases of mulberry.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation,1996
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Mulberry diseases and their management-On farm trials of IPM technologies for the control of nursery and root-rot diseases.
Personnel :Gupta VP, Sharma DD, Srikantaswamy K
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :To develop more effective integrated method for nursery disease management, NURSERY-GUARD was evaluated in combination with various other effective cultural and chemical methods.
Results/Recommendations :The results obtained from on-farm trials are on par with the experiment trials conducted at CSR&TI, Mysore where 45.9% disease control was achieved, with 59.5% increase in survivability of saplings of mulberry variety K2.
Pooled data of trials indicated that the IPM technology controlled the disease by 53.5 to 77.9% at RSRS farms and 57.4 to 77.2% at farmers fields. The results are on par with the experimental trial conducted at CSR&TI where 73.9% disease control was achieved.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1998-2000
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of antagonistic microbes and development of biocontrol methods for leaf spot and rust disease of mulberry.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Gupta VP
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives : To develop biological methods for the control of Leaf spot and Leaf rust diseases.
Results/Recommendations :Twelve phylloplane microbes isolated from healthy mulberry leaves and 10 known biocontrol agents belonging to Trichoderma spp. were screened in vitro for their antagonistic reactions against the pathogens causing leaf spot (Cercospora moricola) and leaf rust (Cerotelium fici) diseases. Based on the potential biocontrol agents Trichoderma harzianum (TH-1) and T. psuedokoningii (TP) were reduced the disease severity of leaf spot by 45.1 and 41.3% and leaf rust by 40.0% and 37.0% respectively over the untreated check while in case of combined application of both biocontrol agents, the disease severity was reduced by 50.0 and 44% respectively for both the diseases.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1998-2000
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of promising and elite genotypes for tolerance to root knot disease.
Personnel :Srikantaswamy K, Chandrashekar DS
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :Root knot caused by the nematode, meloidogyne incognita is the most serious and widely distributed disease of mulberry which reduces more than 12% leaf production and causes revenue loss to mulberry growers.
Results/Recommendations :A field experiment was conducted in hot spot are (300-320 larvae/250 cc soil) to know the impact of recommended different soil treatments like i) application of talc based Bionema (Verticillium chlamydosporium) + neem oil cake (NOC), ii) application of Furadan, iii) NOC and iv) VAM on seven popular mulberry varieties for the control of root knot nematode disease for two consecutive years. It has been concluded that for better management of root knot disease the plantation of any moderately resistant variety (V1, S13 or S34) under soil application of Bionema+NOC can be taken up in disease prone areas.
Source of Information :Annual Report:1998-2000
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Improving sericultural productivity under irrigated condition-Development of package of practices for mulberry-Survey on the occurrence of pests and disease of mulberry and silkworm in Kolar and Bangalore districts. (RSRS, Kodathi)
Personnel :Ramarao B, Mohandas TP
Project Period :1997-2000
Objectives :To study the occurrence of pests and diseases of mulberry and silkworm in Kolar and Bangalore districts.
Results/Recommendations :Pooled data collected from 80 sericulturists from Bangalore and Kolar districts during summer, rainy and winter seasons indicated that tukra (4.7-11.3%) among mulberry diseases and uzifly (2.5-4.8%) in silkworm are a serious problems.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of promising genotypes for tolerance to leaf rust and leaf spot diseases.
Personnel : Srikantaswamy K, Chandrashekar DS
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives :To identify the promising mulberry genotypes for the tolerance to leaf spot and leaf rust diseases.
Results/Recommendations :
· Among the genotypes, AR-series (AR1 to AR6) and resource constraints genotypes (63, 519, 1133 and 1138) were found to be resistant for leaf spot disease, where the disease severity was less than 5%. The genotypes S36 and V1 were moderately resistant where the disease severity was noticed upto 20%. Resource constraint genotype 566 was found to be susceptible and disease severity ranged from 20-50%.
· In case of leaf rust disease, the genotypes S36 and V1 were found to be moderately resistant where the disease severity was recorded upto 20%. All other test genotypes were susceptible to leaf rust with varied degrees of severity (20-50%).
Source of Information :Annual Report:1998-99
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Effectiveness of antagonistic microbes and botanicals against bacterial blight of mulberry (Morus alba L.).
Personnel :Mohammad Farooq Baqual, Chandrashekar DS
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives :
· Study the occurrence of bacterial blight disease of mulberry in Mysore region.
· Isolation and culturing of pathogens associated with bacterial blight.
· In vitro screening of biochemical agents and botanicals (plant products and extracts) for the control of bacterial blight disease.
Results/Recommendations :
· The maximum incidence and intensity of bacterial blight was observed in Kollegal and T.N. Pura with DI of 45.9% and 44.9% and PDI of 31.2 and 30.8 respectively. The severity of bacterial blight disease was favoured by the temperature ranging 26.5-33.6°C and RH ranging from 72.5-86.7%.
· The two bacterial isolates namely B1 (yellow colour) and B2 (creamish white) were isolated. Based on symptomology, colony characters, cultural and biochemical studies, the causal organisms of disease were identified as X. campestris pv. mori (B1) and P.syringae pv. mori (B2).
· Among all the bio-control agents tested P. fluorescens (PF2) and Trichoderma harzianum (TH1) showed the degree of antagonism at par with fungicide against both the bacteria. However, the efficacy of antibiotic was significantly higher when compared to bio-control agents, plant products, plant extracts and fungicide.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation, 1999
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Preliminary investigations to economize mulberry leaf production by using phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB).
Personnel :Subhash YR, Das PK
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives :To minimize the cost of production of mulberry leaf using cheaper source of phosphorus with the help of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). This will enable the farmers to utilize phosphate solubilizing bacteria in mulberry field to avoid using costly single super phosphate as well as to curtail phosphorus by 50-75% which will improve the economic status of the farmers.
Results/Recommendations :It was revealed that it is possible to maintain mulberry leaf yield and quality through the support of phosphate solubilizing bacteria like Bacillus megatherium at reduced level of phosphorus application.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation, 1999
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Technology trials-Raksha for control of root rot. (RSRS, Salem)
Personnel :Dahira Beevi, Vijayakumar R, Vijayaraghavan K
Project Period :1998-1999
Objectives : To study the efficacy of Raksha for control of root rot in mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Trial taken up with 10 farmers. Treatment of Raksha was given at monthly intervals for a period of 3 months. The survival of treated plant after 90 days varied from 40% to 82.35%.
Source of Information :Directory of Concluded Projects of CSRTI, Mysore- 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of beneficial rhizobacteria for their mode of action in biological control of foliar diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Chudarathna, Gupta VP
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :
· Evaluation of various rhizobacterial isolates for their direct interference with fungal pathogens, Cercospora moricola cooke. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Cerotelium fici (Cast.) Arthur causing leaf spot, leaf blight and leaf rust diseases, respectively in mulberry.
· Evaluation of rhizobacterial isolates for their plant strengthening action in mulberry against leaf spot, leaf blight and leaf rust diseases.
Results/Recommendations :It can be concluded that CFs of AZC-3 and B. megatherium induced the systemic resistance in mulberry seedlings. The present investigation appears to be the first report on induction of systemic resistance in mulberry against leaf spot (Cercospora moricola), leaf blight (Alternaria alternata) and leaf rust (Cerotelium fici) diseases.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation, 2000
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Use of biocontrol agents for hastening the decomposition of sericultural wastes and their impact on suppression of soil borne diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Mahadevaswamy H, Chandrashekar DS
Project Period :1999-2000
Objectives :
· To know the role of known biocontrol agents (T. pseudokoningii and V. chlamydosporium) in the form of bioformulation for hastening the decomposition of sericultural waste.
· Estimation of NPK contents and colony forming units (CFU/g) of biocontrol agents in composted materials.
· To know the effect of composed materials enriched with biocontrol agents in suppression of soil borne diseases of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :It can be concluded from the study that lignite and talc based bioformulations namely Nursery-guard (T.pseudokoningii) and Bionema (V. chlamydosporium) respectively are capable of decomposing various sericultural wastes especially biogas slurry and farm yard manure in the form of value-added composts which suppressed the various soil borne diseases of mulberry such as stem canker, cutting rot, die back and root knot nematode besides improving the plant growth. The composts prepared by the process described here is the enrichment of composting techniques and shortening the compost preparation time which could help the farmers to get the compost within a short period of 105 days.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation, 2000
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Scanning electron microscopic studies on root knot disease of mulberry (TEMP-0011).
Personnel :Govindaiah, Babu AM
Project Period :2001-2002
Objectives :To study the development of the nematode in root tissues in order to find out the mechanism of different recommended control measures.
Results/Recommendations :Among the four varieties, V1 showed less number of galls of smaller size while in other varieties, local, K2 and S36, the galls were more. Roots pre-treated with different treatments had less number of juveniles in roots (1.27/mm2) as compared to check (3.36/mm2) while in post-treated plants, the number of juveniles were noticed as 1.94/mm2. Nematode population significantly reduced under treatment with Furadon followed by Bionema and neem oil cake as compared to control.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2001-02
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Electron microscopic investigation of tukra in mulberry (TEMP-0010).
Personnel :Babu AM, Vineet Kumar, Sathyaprasad K
Project Period :2001-2003
Objectives :To investigate the involvement of any microorganism with the tukra of mulberry and to understand the anatomical and ultra structural alterations in stem and leaf associated with the development of the symptoms under electron microscope.
Results/Recommendations :The infected cells became enlarged and were filled with degenerating membranes and autolytic vacuoles. Many surrounding cells also became necrotic and showed signs of senescence. The phloem area of tukra-infested stem appeared 'darker' under TEM. Corresponding areas of healthy mulberry plants did not show similar groups of darkened cells and did not have the unusual bodies. However, any involvement of phytoplasm or virus could not be established by the TEM studies.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2001-03
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Efficacy of new fungicides against leaf spot [Cercospora moricola (cooke) sacc] and leaf rust [Cerotelium fici (cast) arth] diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Arun Kumar Ghosh, Sharma DD
Project Period :2001-2002
Objectives :
· In vitro screening of various systemic and non-systemic fungicides for their anti fungal action against leaf spot and leaf rust diseases.
· Evaluation of effective fungicides along with recommended fungicides to know their comparative efficacy against leaf spot and leaf rust diseases at field.
Results/Recommendations :It has been concluded from the present study that two times of combined foliar application of Roko (0.1%) + Dithane M-45 (0.1%) or Roko (0.2%) in one crop period can effectively be used for the control of leaf spot and leaf rust diseases in mulberry. The net profit and cost benefit ratio can also be achieved more by the use of Roko+Dithane M-45 or Roko alone than that of recommended fungicides. The tentative safe period for feeding the leaves to silkworm is one week.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation, 2002
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Efficacy of seed kernels against root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in mulberry.
Personnel :Sanchayita Mukherjee, Govindaiah
Project Period :2001-2002
Objectives :To test various seed kernels under in vitro on hatching of Meloidogyne incognita eggs, mortality of larvae and impact on suppression of root knot disease in vivo (pot culture)
Results/Recommendations :In the present study, both Neem and pongamia were found to be effective and can be used against Meloidogyne incognita in the form of seed kernel powder/oil cake. It is seems to be useful in developing an ecofriendly integrated approach for the control of root knot nematode disease in mulberry.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertation,2002
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Isolation and identification of soil borne fungal and bacterial pathogens associated with root knot disease and their pathogenicity on mulberry.
Personnel :Nishitha Naik V, Chowdary NB, Sharma DD
Project Period :2002-2005
Objectives :Root knot disease reduces about 12% leaf production besides reducing the leaf protein, which is pre-requisite to obtain the good quality of cocoons.
Results/Recommendations :The disease incidence was very high when the nematode and two fungi were present resulting in the death of maximum number of plants (88.9%) due to synergistic effects compared to the incidence when the three organism were present individually (16.7-27.8%). Correlation studies indicated positive correlation between nematode and the fungi. The reduction in growth parameters was comparatively less in case of concomitant inoculation.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2002-05
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Evaluation of chemical elicitors for the induction of systemic acquired resistance in mulberry against leaf spot (Cercospora moricola Cooke) disease.
Personnel :Satyabrata Sahu, Gupta VP, Jhansilakshmi K
Project Period :2002-2003
Objectives :To investigate the role of chemical elicitors in inducing the systemic acquired resistance in mulberry plants against leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora moricola.
Results/Recommendations :
· The SA derivatives (Acetyl-salicylic acid and Sodium salicylate) and 4-amino-n-butyric acid may be effective alternatives to the toxic chemical fungicides presently used for the control of leaf spot disease in mulberry.
· The present investigation appears to be the first report on the use of chemical elicitors for the induction of systemic acquired resistance in mulberry against leaf spot Cercospora moricola disease.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertations, 2003
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Influence of abiotic and stress factors on growth and sporulation of biocontrol agents used in control of soil borne diseases of mulberry.
Personnel :Pallab Kumar Das, Sharma DD
Project Period :2002-2003
Objectives :
· To know the optimum range of temperature and relative humidity for the growth and sporulation of Verticillum chlamydosporium, Trichoderma harzianum and T Pseudokoningii that are used for biological control of root knot, root rot and nursery diseases of mulberry respectively.
· To know the effect of different stress factors such as alkalinity, salinity and drought on growth and sporulation of these bio control agents.
· Refinement of recommendation based on the best survival/multiplication of bio control agents in different stress factors under different agro-climatic conditions for suppression of various soil borne diseases of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :This study indicates that temperature range of 25 to 35°C, RH between 70-90% and acidic to slightly alkaline range of pH (6.5-8.5) are most favourable (optimum) for maximum growth and sporulation of V. chlamydosporium, Trichoderma harzianum and T pseudokoningii. These bio control agents are mesophilic, acedophilic to slightly alkalophilic in nature and moderately tolerant to salinity (saline stress at the level of 3.65-4.96m mhos/cm EC) and drought (at osmotic stress of 5.5-7.7bars). Therefore, it is possible that under such ecological conditions these bio control agents may colonize well to suppress the pathogens population.
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertations, 2003
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on the association of fungal and bacterial pathogens with root knot nematode disease complex and their management in mulberry-Management of root knot disease complex through integrated approach.
Personnel :Nishitha Naik V, Sharma DD
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To screening various botanicals, biocontrol agents, oil cakes and chemicals for the control of root knot disease complex for developing an integrated disease management (IDM) strategy for root knot disease complex.
Results/Recommendations :Results revealed that maximum reduction of disease complex was recorded in the treatment where Bioconsortium mixed with Pongamia oilcake, Lawsonia inermis and FYM (:1:10:25) was applied at 200g/plant (3 times/yr at an interval of 4 months) followed by Bioconsortium + Pongamia oil cake + FYM (1:10:25) at 200g/plant over the control (without treatment. The above treatments reduced the severity of disease complex (root knot Additional Director root rot) to an extent of 79.5-82.2 and 75.4-80.9% respectively and there was no significant difference between these two treatments. Rhizosphere study revealed that the colonies of biocontrol agents (T. harzianum and T. viride) survived upto 120 days in soil. The shelf life of bioconsortium was determined as 12 months at room temperature (25-30°C). The technology is easily adoptable, ecofriendly and has no residual effect on silkworm. The cost benefit ratio is worked out at 1:1:2.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-06
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on predisposing factors for outbreak of root rot of mulberry and disease management with special emphasis on use of bio-control agents and botanicals-Collection of disease samples for isolation and identification of pathogens involved in root rot disease and their pathogenicity on mulberry.
Personnel :Mala VR, Chowdary NB
Project Period :2003-2005
Objectives :To isolate the pathogens associated with root rot disease in mulberry and to prove the pathogenicity alone and in combination.
Results/Recommendations :Root and soil samples of affected plants from 90 mulberry gardens from Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, were collected and four fungi were isolated. These were identified as Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizactonia solani and black sterile mycelia. All the four fungi were found to be pathogenic to mulberry causing the root rot disease. Virulency test (two trials data) indicated 45-64% disease severity under individual inoculation of the pathogen and the severity significantly increased under combined inoculation of the pathogens (66-100%), thus providing the microbial complexity. It was also observed that wilting was caused by Fusarium oxysporum and rotting of root by the rest of the pathogens. Role of individual and combined inocula of these pathogens was ascertained on the development of root rot disease. The results indicated that in addition to mortality caused by infection of individual pathogen, synergistic relationship occurs between the soil borne pathogens leading to higher disease severity.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-05
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on predisposing factors for outbreak of root rot of mulberry and disease management with special emphasis on use of bio-control agents and botanicals-Influence of edaphic and abiotic factors responsible for out break of root rot disease.
Personnel :Chowdary NB, Reddy MM
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :To investigate the role of edaphic and abiotic factors responsible for the outbreak of root rot disease.
Results/Recommendations :Soil samples from healthy and diseased gardens (90 samples each) covering Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu were collected and analysed for soil pH, EC, organic carbon content, NPK and Zn by adopting standard methods. Though the disease was noticed both in black and red soils, sandy soil was more prone to disease compared to loamy soil. The incidence of root rot disease was favoured in the soils with 7.92 to 9.71 pH with low soil moisture, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc contents. The above studies will help in managing the root rot disease through nutritional supplementation and soil moisture conservation in addition to altering the farmers for taking up soil test based reclamation measures for preventing the disease occurrence.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-04
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Investigation on predisposing factors for outbreak of root rot of mulberry and disease management with special emphasis on use of bio-control agents and botanicals-Histopathological investigation on infection process of root rot disease by light and scanning electron microscopy.
Personnel :Chowdary NB, Babu AM
Project Period :2003-2005
Objectives :To understand the mode of infection, development of the disease and the extent of damage caused by pathogen(s) in the tissues through light and scanning electron microscopy.
Results/Recommendations :The root rot pathogens initially colonized the surface of the roots and entered the epidermal cells invading xylem parenchyma. Ahead of invasion of the pathogen into root tissues, the ray and axial xylem parenchyma were filled with darkly stained materials, which were conspicuously absent in healthy tissues.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-05
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Impact of microbially enriched compost suppression of soil borne diseases of mulberry-Effect of composts enriched with useful/antagonistic microbes on sprouting survivability and suppression of nursery diseases.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Das PK, Mala VR
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To know the impact of various types of composts enriched with useful/antagonistic microbes on suppression of nursery diseases in terms of sprouting and survivability of stem cuttings during nursery plantation.
Results/Recommendations :A preliminary screening was conducted in 1m2 nursery beds under RBD with 15 treatments along with control and recommended method (Dithane M45+Nursery guard). The pathogens causing nursery disease were inoculated at 500g/sub plot (4.7x107 spores/g). After 30 days, enriched compost of each treatment was broadcasted at 2 kg/m2.
After mixing, 100 cuttings of V1 (susceptible to nursery diseases) were planted/treatment followed by irrigation. Results revealed that among the enriched composts the maximum sprouting and survival were observed in SR enriched with RP+AZ+PSB+Th+Tp+Vc followed by SR enriched with RP+Az+PSB+Th+Tp+Vc+poultry manure. The percentage increase in sprouting and survival in the two treatments were 25.0 and 23.6 and 21.7 and 20.0 respectively over the control (soil with pathogen load).
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-06
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Impact of microbially enriched compost suppression of soil borne diseases of mulberry-Impact of composts enriched with useful/antagonistic microbes on suppression of root knot disease of mulberry.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Nishitha Naik V, Das PK, Chowdary NB
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To know the effect of composts enriched with useful/antagonistic microbes on suppression of root knot disease of mulberry.
Results/Recommendations :Preliminary screening was conducted with 13 different treatments of enriched composts, recommended method (Dithane M45+Raksha) and control (soil with pathogen load) in infected potted plants (V1) for shortlisting to conduct the field trial. Third and final dose of enriched composts were applied at 250 g/plant around the root zone and data were collected on different parameters. Maximum disease control of 61.5% was recorded inn SR enriched with RP+AZ+PSB+Th+Tp+Vc followed by SR+RP+Az+PSB+Th+Tp+Vc followed by SR+RP+Az+PSB+Th+Tp+Vc+poultry manure (57.5%) treatments. SR + poultry manure controlled the disease only upto 36.0%. The disease control in all the enriched composts was significantly lesser than that of presently recommended method (Dithane M45 + Raksha 74.5%).
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-06
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Screening of leaf roller and other lepidopteran pests of mulberry for pathogenic microbes in sericultural areas of Tamil Nadu. (RSRS Salem)
Personnel :Mary Flora CA, Dhahira Beevi N, Selvakumar T, Qadri SMH
Project Period :2003-2006
Objectives :To screen the mulberry leaf roller and other lepidopteran pests for presence of pathogenic microbes in sericultural areas of Tamil Nadu and to identify the alternate hosts of mulberry pest and silkworm pathogens.
Results/Recommendations :Surveys were conducted covering 100 farmers in Erode and Salem districts for incidence of leaf roller and other lepidopteran pests of mulberry. The pest incidence was recorded. Though the incidence was recorded, no mortality of pest was recorded due to microbes. Agricultural crop in the mulberry garden vicinity were also screened for occurrence of mulberry pest but no alternate host was identified. Microsporidian spores were isolated from 2 butterflies.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-06
******
SubjectIndex :si 15
Sl No :411
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Phytosanitary effect of plant growth -promoting rhizobacteria and chemical elicitors against multiple foliar diseases in mulberry.
Personnel :Sidhartha Mishra, Gupta VP, Chowdary NB
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :
· To assess the compatibility of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and chemical elicitors that induces systemic resistance in mulberry against foliar diseases.
· To evaluate the stand-alone and integrated application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and chemical elicitors for plant strengthening phytosanitary actions in mulberry against mixed infections of Cercospora moricola and Cerotelium fici causing leaf spot and leaf rust diseases respectively.
Results/Recommendations :The present study indicates that the integrated application of PGPR and chemical elicitors is more effective than their individual application against multiple infections in mulberry. This study thus holds the great promise to provide more effective ecofriendly alternatives to the toxic chemical fungicides presently used for the control of leaf spot and leaf rust diseases in mulberry and also the solution to protect mulberry plants from multiple/mixed infections of leaf spot and leaf rust diseases. The present investigation appears to be the first report on the use integrated application of biological and chemical elicitors for the induction of systemic resistance in susceptible mulberry variety against multiple infections.
Source of Information : M.Sc. Dissertations, 2004
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the standardization of air sampling method for the estimation of air borne fungi pathogenic to silkworm, Bombyx mori L.
Personnel :Milan Kumari, Chandrasekharan K, Nataraju B
Project Period :2003-2004
Objectives :
· To standardize the methodology for the quantification of air borne fungal pathogens of silkworm i.e., Beauveria bassiana, Spicaria prassina and Aspergillus tamarii under laboratory conditions.
· To correlate the air borne fungal conidia with fungal epizootics in silkworm rearing.
Results/Recommendations :
· The air borne fungal conidia and its load has a direct correlation in the development of the fungal diseases in silkworm.
· Sabouraud's Dextrose agar could be used in petriplates for air sampling of the conidia of Beauveria bassiana and S. prassina while Czapek dox agar could be suitable for Aspergillus tamarii.
· Ninety seconds exposure time should be given to quantify the air borne fungi pathogenic to silkworm.
· The colony counts in the petriplates should be done up to 6th day after exposure to the pathogens to quantify its number in air.
Source of Information : M.Sc. Dissertations, 2004
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Studies on the incidence, crop loss and management of root rot disease of mulberry in Tamil Nadu-Survey on incidence and quantitative crop loss assessment of root rot disease of mulberry in Tamil Nadu (RSRS, Salem).
Personnel : Qadri SMH, Dhahira Beevi N, Chowdary NB
Project period:2003-2005
Objectives :To study the occurrence and distribution of root rot disease and its quantitative crop loss assessment.
Results/Recommendations :Survey was conducted in Salem, Erode and Dharmapuri districts covering 25 farmers from root rot incidence. The range of disease incidence varied from 0.05 to 28.00%.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-05
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Sustainable sericultural development through integrated, nutrient, pest and disease management in South India- Farmer’s participatory mode-Effect of different non-edible oil cake on mulberry leaf production and their influence of key pest infestation.
Personnel : Jayaraj S, Dandin SB, Qadri SMH
Project Period :2003-2005
Objectives :To reduce the dosage of inorganic fertilizer by substituting with different non-edible oil cakes in mulberry production and their influence on key pest infestation in mulberry garden.
Results/Recommendations :The experiment was laid out with 5 treatments in 5 replications at two locations in an established mulberry garden of MR2 variety in Krishnagiri Taluk. Observations on total biomass and leaf yield were recorded, which indicated the superiority of the treatment with neem cake + 75% N over others.
Source of Information :Annual Report:2003-05
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore.
Project Title :Elicitation of systemic resistance in susceptible mulberry cultivars against leaf rust (Cerotelium fici) disease by plant activators.
Personnel :Khasru Alam, Gupta VP
Project Period :2004-2005
Objectives :
· To evaluate the plant activators for the induction of systemic resistance in susceptible mulberry variety against leaf rust disease.
· To study the host-pathogen (mulberry-Cerotelium fici) interactions on elicitation of systemic resistance in susceptible mulberry variety against leaf rust disease.
Results/Recommendations :Among all the plant activators, Calcium nitrate at 500 ppm proved to be the most effective alternative to the toxic chemical fungicides presently used for the control of leaf rust disease in mulberry. The present investigation appears to be the first report on the use of plant activators for elicitation of systemic resistances in mulberry against leaf rust (Cerotelium fici).
Source of Information :M.Sc.Dissertations, 2005
******
Project No :CSM
Organization :Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore
Project Title :Investigation on predisposing factors for outbreak of root rot of mulberry and disease and disease management with special emphasis on use of biocontrol agents and botanicals-In vitro testing of antagonistic properties of isolated mutants and botanicals against root rot pathogens.
Personnel :Sharma DD, Chowdary NB
Project Period :2004-2006
Objectives :To know the shelf life of the Bioconsortium under room (25-30°C) and low (5°C) temperatures.
Results/Recommendations :12 biocontrol agents were screened against four pathogens viz., F. solani, F. oxysporum, black sterile mycelia and R. solani under in vitro conditions. Among them, three region specific isolates of Trichoderma (Tri-2KAR, Tri-5:AP and Tri-11:TN) were found to be effective against all the root rot pathogens. A talc-based Bioconsortium was prepared from the above three isolates of Trichoderma and packed indifferent coloured polythene bags (milky white, transparent, red, blue, black and yellow) for selection of packing material and to evaluate the shelf life of product. Results revealed that in milky white bag, there was no significant decrease in the population (cfu/g) of Trichoderma in formulation compared to initial population of bio-agents and was found most suitable for preservation at room temperature (28-30°C) upto180 days.
Source of Information : Annual Report: 2005-2006
******