In this lab, we demonstrated the potential and kinetic energy that an asteroid has before and during impact on the moons surface. We did this by dropping different weight eggs into a container of flour from varying heights and then measuring the depth of the crater that it left. I got a meets- because I forgot to write in complete sentences on a few questions, and I am very disappointed in myself, but I will definitely remember this in the future. I did go back and revise my note-catcher to make every incomplete sentence complete.
This assignment was not very enjoyable for me because though I understood the concept, I did not really understand how to apply it to this case. I am really disappointed in myself, because on one of the pages, the division symbol looked a ton like an addition symbol, and I was not really thinking, or using my background knowledge, so I used addition instead, and got all of the problems in that section wrong, which led to me getting an approaching on this assignment. Other than that, I was still pretty confused on the rest of the assignment, but I tried my best, in the end though, I am not proud of this assignment.
This assignment was really fun for me to complete! I am very proud of it. I got an exceeds on this assignment because I worked really hard on it, almost three hours! I took it home and really enjoyed spending my time doing so. My goal for the next project is to find a way to make it enjoyable for me, so that I can do my best work!
In this lab, we demonstrated energy transfer, the different types of forces, and how to protect an egg while keeping the actual science behind it in mind. I feel like my group did well with this concept. I worked with Jyles and Olivia and we designed a pretty well thought out structure that kept our egg safe until the end. Ours was the lightest design, so as science goes, and common sense, ours went the slowest of all, leading it to have a reduced impact force.
In this lab, we made structures designed to keep a raw egg from breaking when dropped from a tall place. I worked with Jyles and Olivia on this project and our egg survived. But there is much more in play than just the structure, such as the mass, acceleration, energy, impact force, and gravity. The main force acting on the egg when dropped is gravitational force. This is the amount of force that is pulling the egg back towards the ground, which is actually 9.81 Newtons. This force is pulling the egg down towards the ground while the parachute attached to the contraption holding the egg is exerting normal force, which is the force pushing back down against gravity, which slows the egg down significantly. Newton’s three laws are all represented by this lab, the first law stating that an object will not move unless another external force acts upon it, and this is true, because the egg has potential energy before being dropped, but when averted upon by the person dropping it, gravitational force, and normal force, it begins to move. Newton’s second law states that an object's force is equal to its mass times acceleration. For example, if the mass of the egg structure is 95g, and the acceleration is the gravitational force which is 9.81, 95 (Mass) *9.81 (Acceleration) = 931.95N (Force). The greater the mass, the greater the impact force will be. Newton’s third law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. For example, when the egg lands on the ground, the force of gravity is pulling it towards the ground, but normal force is pushing back up against it. The acceleration of an object relies almost completely on gravity here on Earth. In a vacuum though, all objects, no matter their mass, all move at the same rate due to the gravitational force acting upon them. Air resistance is non-existent in a vacuum though due to the fact that there is no air in a vacuum. In the egg drop, designs such as those that included parachutes were the most effective at protecting the egg because the parachute gave the structure more air resistance, which contradicted the gravitational force pulling it towards Earth, which resulted in slowing the egg down, and giving it a more gentle landing.
For this lab, we built film canister rockets out of paper, tape, and lots of trial and error. Then we attached a film canister to the bottom of the rocket and filled it with a small amount of water before placing half of an alka seltzer tablet inside. The goal was for the lid to pop off once the chemical reaction had happened, but our lid wasn't working very well, so the water just seeped out, and all three times we tried this, it didn't move. This was the case with many others. I got a meets on this lab because I completed all of the questions correctly and efficiently, but my reflection could have been more thoughtful.
During our first test launch, we ran into some important complications, along with successes as well. First and foremost of the complications, the fins were not long enough to reach the ground with the bike pump attached, so Olivia had to hold it up, but it was pointed sideways, so it ended up flying to the right, straight into a tree. Sadly, the egg broke, which was expected, but for our next design, we are planning on making the fins longer to avoid this problem in the future. We also noticed that our rocket went faster than most others, so we believe that this is because our rocket is lighter than others, and we filled the bottle halfway full with water, which ended in more thrust force. An actual nose cone will probably be one of the other new additions, since as of right now, our nose cone is a bunch of straws tied together at the top, so it is not the most functional. We might also add more padding and protection for the egg, seeing as it broke. So in conclusion, we will add bigger fins, a better nose cone, more padding for the egg, and possibly more water for a bigger thrust force. Hopefully, through these additions and changes, our rocket will fly straight, fast, and not break the egg!
Our second test launch was not the most successful. All of the things that we decided to change about our first design were done, but at a very excessive rate. We wanted to make the fins bigger and heavier, and we did, but they were too heavy. We added more water, but then we added too much water and it didn't leave the ground. So while the water was draining out, we picked it up and launched it with the water left in it, which was slightly more than the first launch still! When we launched it this time, it left the ground, but only made it about 6-7 feet in the air, and without almost any velocity. This was most likely due to the fact that we lost the cork that we used the first launch, and used one that did not fit tightly, so it did not launch with as much velocity. Now we have many more corks, which all fit tightly, and we are going to redo the straws, make new fins, add a nose cone, and use the same egg-protecting system that we used last launch. We are going to use a thinner material for the fins, (a Digiorno pizza box) because while observing Miles and Maya's last launch, we realized how well lighter and thinner fins work. (Theirs went the highest)
Our third launch had mixed success. On one hand, our rocket had a ton of speed when we launched, but it went to the side a ton, and ended up farther down the road, almost by Sage! The changes we made were to add much lighter fins, made out of a Digornio pizza box. They worked very well, because the drag force was reduced, but since they were so flimsy, the rocket wouldn't stand up on it's own, so Jyles had to hold it up once again, which caused it to fly sideways once again. We replaced the straws with fresh ones, since the last ones were destroyed, and I think it helped the structural integrity of the rocket a ton! We also added less tape than the last design because it had added a ton of unnecessary weight to the structure that dragged it down. The cork also had a very good seal, so much that it ended up taking the needle of the bike pump with it! For the last design, we think that we will keep it light, but add a nose cone, because we have been saying that we would, but it never happened. We are also planning on making the protection for the egg better, since we have just been using over-sized bubble wrap. (Which has not worked very well.
This was our last launch before exhibition, and it was pretty successful. I think that we have come a long way from where we started with our design, which was not aerodynamic in the least, because this one looks sharp and fast enough to hurt someone. This launch was pretty good, it went higher than the other ones, straighter than the others ones, and it was the first rocket that DIDN'T break our egg! I am pretty sure it was mostly because of the nose cone though. The rest of the designs didn't really stand on their own, and if they did, it was because the fins were super reinforced with strong materials that also weight a ton, but this one did! And it weighs very little, even with the egg in it! We also figured out that 200-250 ml of water is the perfect amount for our rocket, since we have a smaller rocket. We are not changing anything about this design for exhibition, because it worked better than the rest! The only thing we are doing, is replacing all the straws, nose cone, fins, EVERYTHING, so that it is fresh and ready to fly on the 9th!
Our final rocket design was pretty successful. Our rocket protected the egg and reached a pretty good height, not as high as before, but it got to thirty-four feet! We got second place in the competition, with the winning group only flying 3-4 feet higher than the S.S. Unity.
During this unit, I learned a ton about how Newton's three laws work along with the four forces that greatly impact a rockets aerodynamics, flight stability, and overall good performance. I also learned how to successfully use the iteration design process to build and improve our rocket to bring it to its full capacity. I got an exceeds on this project firstly, because our rocket went fairly high, and protected the egg, I did very well on the rocket manual, my speech at the actual exhibition was high quality, and I delivered it professionally, and lastly, I contributed a ton to my group individually, while maintaining habits of heart and mind the whole time.