Unconscious or implicit bias refers to the associations that are made between different qualities and social categories such as; race, gender or disability that an individual forms outside their own conscious awareness.
Unconscious bias is triggered by our brain automatically making quick judgments and assessments. In 1998, a milestone study carried out by a team of social psychologists at the University of Washington and Yale, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) , promised to lift the veil on people’s subconscious attitudes towards others. Their landmark paper revealed the team described “a new tool that measures the unconscious roots of prejudice” that they said affected 90-95% of people”.
This is a really great video by the Royal Society as it sums up the unconscious bias in a fun and entertaining way...
This video can be used at the beginning any group training session.
Do you have any Unconscious Biases? Probably! But don't worry, everyone does! Take the quiz below to see whether you can identify the unconscious bias being displayed within a scenario!
What is an Example of Unconscious Bias?
Unconscious bias affects everyone but as the name implies…we do not see it. It is essentially a blind spot.
With there being several types of unconscious biases that exist, it does make our embedding mind set more complex to change, these include:
Benefits of overcoming our unconscious bias mind set?
Workplace bias impacts, for example:
The available talent pool.
Employee retention.
Employee engagement.
Employees not realising their full potential.
Workplace interpersonal relationships.
Decision-making.
Creativity.
Innovation.
Organisational reputation.
Customer and service user relationships.
Potential for grievances.
Potential for discrimination.
Potential for employment tribunals.
The Impact on our decision making?
An enormous body of literature confirms that we all have biases—some explicit, many implicit. These biases have an effect on how we view others and how we make decisions, including decisions about our hiring process. Perhaps most disturbing, implicit biases can be at odds with our own conceptions of ourselves and our conscious values and standards.
You may believe yourself to be open-minded and you may be determined to select the most meritorious candidate before you. But a good deal of evidence from the behavioural sciences demonstrates that actual achievements are often set aside in favour of those who fit some group stereotype of those likely to succeed.
Over time, the human brain has developed an ability to use these experiences to create short-cuts and enable us to navigate the incredible amount of information we are exposed to on a daily basis.
This cognitive function can be very helpful, but often leads to snap decisions being made which, in many cases, can be wrong or poorly informed. This can have a negative impact on our recruitment decisions, slow down employee development, impair diversity and drive up attrition.
Activities for Unconscious Bias Workshops or Training
Tackling unconscious bias is tough as it is in the tile... unconscious. But when you try to tackle the in groups, the process become easier. So we have put together some group activities to be used in a workshop or training session.
Exercise 1 - The Circle of Trust
This is an excellent, and non-confrontational exercise for people to explore their unconscious bias as well the behaviours and prejudices.
Each participant writes down the names or initials of ten people that they trust who are not from their immediate family. We have created a template here. Once they have completed all 10 names, each participant places a tick next to each person on the list who shares that characteristic with them e.g a women place a tick next to all female people on their list. The group is then encouraged to evaluate their list and discuss it with the group. In most cases, the group quickly realise how little diversity is shown on their list of trusted people – that their Circle of Trust mainly includes people with backgrounds and characteristics that are similar to their own.
This implicit bias training exercise supports the basis of an honest, progressive discussion about how we form group bonds, how these bonds can unnecessarily exclude others and what steps we can take to extend our trust to people who are from different backgrounds or have different life experiences.
It’s important to make sure that all group members understand and appreciate how common these biases are, and that they are not being judged. Unconscious bias is something that we have or have experienced. It is not unusual that our Circles of Trust are formed of people who we easily relate to but our working lives could be enhanced and our organisations more effective and harmonious if we are open to understanding our biases, how they impact on our decisions to support promoting inclusivity and diversity in our workplace.
Exercise 2 - The Tag Game
This exercise is a great one for creating a safe, non-judgemental space where people can discover their biases and see how they affect their behaviour and responses. It is a great tool for unconscious bias icebreaker.
The Tag Game involves participants placing a variety of different colour, shape and size badges on their upper body. Post it notes may be a good to use here. The group is then encouraged to form smaller groups. There is no talking allowed at this stage and no instructions regarding what criteria should be used to form these groups. Once the groups are formed, instruct the participants to split and form new groups for a further four to six times. More often than not, you’ll find that the groups are formed based on the same shapes and colours rather than seeking out colleagues with different badges. Notably, the group rarely uses other criteria apart from the badges to form these groups. We particularly like this unconscious bias activity as it naturally opens up discussion about social categorisation and how we are predisposed to group bias. From there you can discuss experiences you have had relating to group and unconscious bias and talk about the benefits of diversity and how your business could become a more inclusive workplace.
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