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Common Purposes for Writing
Common Purposes for Writing
To entertain . . . as in a story or personal narrative
To inform . . . as in a research paper or response to reading
To persuade . . . as in a letter to the editor or opinion essay
To request information . . . as in a letter
Opinion Writing
Opinion Writing
ELAGSE5W1 Write opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons.
a. Introduce a topic or text clearly, state an opinion, and create an organizational structure in which ideas are logically grouped to support the writer’s purpose.
b. Provide logically ordered reasons that are supported by facts and details.
c. Link opinion and reasons using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., consequently, specifically).
d. Provide a concluding statement or section related to the opinion presented.
Informative/Explanatory Writing
Informative/Explanatory Writing
ELAGSE5W2 Write informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
a. Introduce a topic clearly, provide a general observation and focus, and group related information logically; include formatting (e.g., headings), illustrations, and multimedia when useful to aiding comprehension.
b. Develop the topic with facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples related to the topic.
c. Link ideas within and across categories of information using words, phrases, and clauses (e.g., in contrast, especially).
d. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
e. Provide a concluding statement or section related to the information or explanation presented.
Narrative Writing
Narrative Writing
ELAGSE5W3 Write narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.
a. Orient the reader by establishing a situation and introducing a narrator and/or characters; organize an event sequence that unfolds naturally.
b. Use narrative techniques, such as dialogue, description, and pacing, to develop experiences and events or show the responses of characters to situations.
c. Use a variety of transitional words, phrases, and clauses to manage the sequence of events.
d. Use concrete words and phrases and sensory details to convey experiences and events precisely.
e. Provide a conclusion that follows from the narrated experiences or events.
exposition the beginning of the story
rising action a series of conflicts leading up to the climax
climax the turning point in the story
falling action the action following the climax
dialogue the words characters in a story say out loud to each other
dialogue tag using phrases to say who has spoken
characterization the creation of a fictional character
trait a quality belonging to a character
evidence clues or details in the text that support an answer or idea
genre a kind of literature with certain characteristics
tone the mood creating by careful word choice and sentence variety
resolution the conclusion that ties all the parts together
Production and Distribution
Production and Distribution
ELAGSE5W4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience. (Grade specific expectations for writing types are defined in Standards 1–3 above.)
ELAGSE5W5 With guidance and support from peers and adults, develop and strengthen writing as needed by planning, revising, and editing. (Editing for conventions should demonstrate command of Language Standards 1–3 up to and including grade 5.)
ELAGSE5W6 With some guidance and support from adults, use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing as well as to interact and collaborate with others; demonstrate sufficient command of keyboarding skills to type a minimum of two pages in a single sitting.
formal language a style for speaking or writing, following the rules of English
informal language a style for speaking or writing that you use with people you know, like friends and family
Research
Research
ELAGSE5W7 Conduct short research projects that use several sources to build knowledge through investigation of different aspects of a topic.
ELAGSE5W8 Recall relevant information from experiences or gather relevant information from print and digital sources; summarize or paraphrase information in notes and finished work, and provide a list of sources.
bibliography a list of sources referred to in a text, usually included at the end of that text
plagiarism copying someone else’s work without giving credit
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