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Chapter 5 Vocabulary
Janissaries
Infantry (slaves), armed with firearms as a part of the Ottoman army from the 15th century to 1826 when it was abolished.
Lived in barracks training year-round
Enslaved soldiers were a common practice in the Islamic world
Were military slaves taken from Christian villages to be raised by Turkish families.
Suleiman (SOO-lay-man) the Magnificent
(r. 1520–1566)
The most illustrious Ottoman sultan (r. 1520–1566); also known as Suleiman Kanuni, “The Lawgiver.”
Fought wars with Europeans. Abbas and Akbar knew them as merchant adventurers.
Shi’ite Islam
A branch of Islam where god gives power over a community to a descendent of Muhammad's sons-in-law, and is the state religion of Iran.
Akbar The Great
Sultan of the Mughal Empire in India.
(1556-1605),
Babur’s grandson,
He extended the reach of the Mughal Empire across the Indian subcontinent and centralizized its administration and started incorporating non-Muslims.
Known as Mughal India's greatest ruler.
Babur
(1483-1530),
The Muslim descendant of both Timur and Chinggis Khan, and founder of the Mughal Empire.
Muscovy
The Muscovite dynasty ruled from 1276 to 1598.
Russian principality, gradually emerged in the Mongol domination era.
Steppe
Grasslands or treeless land, typically favored by Mongol horse nomads.
Prince Ivan IV The Terrible
(r. 1533–1584)
Also known as the fearsome
He pushed Muscovy’s conquests Southeast at the expense of the Tatar Khanates of Kazan and Astrakhan.
Peter the Great
Russian tsar (r. 1689–1725).
He introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elites.
He moved the capital from Moscow to the city of St. Petersburg.
The greatest leader of the Russian Aristrocracy
Dalai Lama
(DAH-lie-LAH-mah)
The universal teacher of Tibetan Buddhism.
Kangxi
(r.1662-1722)
Emporer of the Qing Empire that oversaw the Qing Empire's greatest expansion era.
Led imperial expansion while managing the stability of the Empire.
Led troops in the great campaigns defeating Galdan.
By 1691 he'd brought Inner Mongolia under Qing control.
Chapter 6 Vocabulary
Indulgences
Forgiveness of the punishment due for past sins
Done by the Latin Church
Under Pope Leo X, the church raised funds by adding indulgences
Papacy
The central government of Latin America
Pope is the head
Held a lot of power as far as religious and intellectual authority
Martin Luther
Leader of the Protestant Reformation
Objected to the way preachers asked for money instead of emphasizing faith
Wrote to Pope Leo about his opinions
John Calvin
Reformer during the Protestant Reformation
Protestant Reformation
Religious reform movement that began within the Latin Christian Church in 1519.
Counter-Reformation
Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church that began in response to the Protestant Reformation
Jesuits
New religious order 'The Society of Jesus"
Was among the most important events of the Counter-Reformation
The purpose was to educate the church by teaching and preaching, Europeans wouldn't listen to Protestants
Calvinist
The followers of John Calvin's theological ideals
Witch Hunts
People suspected of witchcraft: White & Black Magic
The Scientific Revolution
An intellectual movement in Europe, promoted by Enlightenment thinkers
The Enlightenment
Enthusiasm for an open and critical examination of human society
Stained Glass
Glass objected were valued manufacturally
Bible stories were depicted in stained glass
Taught illiterate worshippers the fundamentals of their faith
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