What does "ocean issues" mean to you?
What kinds of situations come to mind when you see or hear "ocean issues"?
What do you want to know about "ocean issues"? Why?
海洋汚染とは、人為的要因によって引き起こされる海の汚染のことをいいます。この汚染には、プラスチックなどを含む産業廃棄物の投棄、船の事故などによる石油の流出などといった一時的なものと、工場や家庭からの排水などの化学物質が流れ出てしまう慢性的なものがあります。(ベネッセ教育情報, 日付なし, 海洋汚染とはなに?原因や環境に与える影響、今できる4つの対策を紹介【2025.03.01】)
端的に言えば、海面上昇は気候変動の兆候の一つです。気候変動によって世界の気温が上昇すると、その余分な熱の多くを海洋が吸収します。温度が上昇した海水は、熱膨張と呼ばれるプロセスによって体積が増え、それが海面上昇の大きな要因となります。海面上昇はまた、壊滅的な悪循環のフィードバックループを引き起こします。
例えば、沿岸の生息地を守り、気候変動の原因になる有害な炭素ガスを貯蔵するマングローブ林が、短期間で浸食され、保護機能を喪失することがあります。マングローブが減ると環境内に有害ガスが増え、気候変動が促がされ、気温の上昇とともに海面がさらに上昇するのです。(国際連合広報センター, 2024.09.04, 海面上昇とは何か? 私たちの未来にどう影響するのか?(UN News 記事・日本語訳【2025.03.01】))
乱獲の意味は、魚や鳥や野生動物などの生きものを過剰に捕獲することです。希少な野生植物や人間が使用するものの原料に用いられる植物の過剰な伐採なども含まれます。乱獲により動植物を過剰に捕獲、伐採することで次世代の資源が増加する速度(再生速度)をこえてしまい個体数を維持することが難しくなり、次世代の個体数が徐々に減っていき、やがては絶滅してしまうのです。(サメペディア, 2024.12.20, 乱獲とは?問題点や解決策をわかりやすく解説【2025.03.01】)
1. Ocean threats: “The ocean is the lifeblood of our planet, supporting critical ecosystem services, regulating the climate, and providing livelihoods to billions of people. However, it faces unprecedented threats from pollution including plastic pollution, overfishing, habitat destruction, and climate change. …” (United Nations Environment Programme, 2025, Ocean governance)
2. Rising sea levels: "It is estimated that the oceans have risen by approximately 20-23 centimetres (8-9 inches) since 1880. ... Worryingly, the rate of increase over the last 10 years is more than twice the rate of sea level rise in the first decade of the satellite record, from 1993 to 2002. ...
Rising sea levels are the result of ocean warming and the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, phenomena which are the direct consequences of climate change. Even if global warming is limited to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, which is the goal that countries around the world set as part of the Paris Agreement of 2015, the planet will see a sizeable increase in sea water levels. (United Nations UN News, 24 August 2024, What is sea level rise and why does it matter to our future?)
3. Plastic pollution in the oceans: “Right now it is estimated that up to 12 million metric tons of plastic—everything from plastic bottles and bags to microbeads—end up in the oceans each year. That’s a truckload of trash every minute.
Traveling on ocean currents, this plastic is now turning up in every corner of our planet, from Florida beaches to uninhabited Pacific islands. It is even being found in the deepest part of the ocean and trapped in Arctic ice.
The oceans are slowly turning into a plastic soup, and the effects on ocean life are devastating. ... Plastic is now entering every level of the ocean food chain and is even ending up in the seafood on our plates. But it doesn’t have to be this way. ...” (Greenpeace, 2025, The oceans are in more trouble than ever before)
Japan: Residents lose coastal vistas to fortress-like tsunami walls (Asahi Shimbun, 15 May 2021)
日本:日本の漁獲量が減っているのは、なぜ?(エシカルSTORY Everyday, be good!, 2022/09/25)
日本:世界最大のウミガメ、体内から縦横1m超のプラごみ クラゲと間違え食べた可能性 福井県(福島新聞ONLINE, 2025/01/23)
Japan: Study: Typhoons bring more rain, faster wind as world warms (Asahi Shimbun, 29 August 2023)
England: Coastal homes under threat from rising sea levels [Video 5:36] (Sky News, 12 November, 2022)
New Zealand: Significant sea level rise on its way for NZ much sooner than first thought - scientists [Video 7:19] (NewsHub, 1 May 2022)
Coastal TALES: Telling Adaptations; Living Environmental Stories for Coastal Resilience [Video 4:00] (Heritage Research Lab, 4 February 2025)
Portugal: The battle against the sea - Coastal erosion in Portugal [Video 28:25] (Deutsche Welle, 18 May 2022)
Sea level rise: causes and consequences (Sustainability for All, no date)
Why the world needs a deal to protect its oceans (Al Jazeera, 20 February 2023)
Overfishing (World Wildlife Fund, 2023)
The Coral Reefs of Okinawa are Dying [Video 4:12 (Seawildearth, 4 September 2024)
Overfishing: The worst and best fish you can eat [Video 12:45] (Deutsche Welle Planet A, 28 May 2021)
What is Ocean Acidification? [Video 2:47] (Action for the Climate Emergency, 25 August 2021)
Higher temperatures and plastic pollution threaten oceans [Video 5:36] (Deutsche Welle News, 11 February 2022)
The Environmental Cost of Cruise Ships [Video 3:50] (Brut America, 9 September 2020)
UN secures landmark deal to protect the world's oceans [Video 5:35] (Deutsche Welle News, 5 March 2023)
Examples of local action in Japanese society
プラごみ条約、世界共通の積極的対策盛り込んで若者と企業が要望(朝日新聞, 2024/11/20)
「生き物を守るため」小学生ら70人が『砂浜の清掃活動』漂着したゴミなど350キロ回収(カンテレNEWS, 2025/03/20)
Marine plastic waste in Japan and how we can stop it (21 June 2020, Zenbird)
Examples of local action in other societies
Mahone Bay 'living shoreline' pilot project aims to reduce coastal erosion (CBC, 14 August 2022)
Meet 3 Remarkable Young Activists Making Waves to Protect Our Oceans (Global Citizen, 16 February 2022)
10 Ways You Can Help Save the Oceans (Oceana, no date)