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GAS LAW STUDIES
GAS LAW STUDIES
Learning Objectives:
Learning Objectives:
Upon completion of this assignment, the student should
(CLO1). Explain basic chemical concepts related to chemical changes, energy, and properties of matter.
(CLO2). Apply the methods of scientific inquiry
(CLO3). Analyze evidence to decide if generalizations or conclusions based on the obtained data are warranted
(CLO4). Interpret and utilize mathematical formulas while solving problems
(MLO1) Demonstrate the ability to convert between units of pressure, volume, temperature and amount (grams to moles) and describe the tools used to make these measurements.
(MLO1) Use the Gas laws, combined gas and ideal gas equations to perform calculations to determine pressure, volume or temperature for a given gas using values at standard temperature and standard pressure of gasses utilizing Graphical analysis
(MLO1) Apply the ideal gas equation to determine characteristics of a gas including density and molar mass or to determine the value of the ideal gas constant, R.
(MLO1) Use Dalton’s law of partial pressures to determine the mole fraction or partial pressure of gasses in a mixture of gasses.
(MLO1) Use the ideal gas equation in stoichiometric calculations.
Experiment 22 covers the understanding of the Ideal gas Law and the Gas Laws related to Pressure, Temperature and Volume.
The assignments that must be completed are:
The assignments that must be completed are:
Complete the pre laboratory writing assignment before the lab sessions begins.
Attempt the pre laboratory problems as a document before coming to the class meeting.
Collect amount, temperature, pressure and volume data to determine the value of the ideal gas constant, R, for each trial collected in the class. In put your group data into the Class data sheet .
vapor pressure calculator http://www.endmemo.com/chem/vaporpressurewater.php
Set up and use the computer to collect pressure and volume data and create the appropriate graphs to show Boyle's Law relationship of Pressure and Volume.
Set up and use the computer to collect temperature and volume data and create the appropriate graphs to show Charles' Law and determine the value of absolute zero.
Set up and use the computer to collect temperature and pressure to show the relationship of Guy Lussac's Law. Determine the value of Temperature when pressure is zero.
Complete a formal laboratory report for this assignment.
Discussion
Discussion
The ideal gas law and the individual gas laws (Boyle's, Charles' and Amonton's laws) define how the measurements of pressure, volume, temperature and number of particles (moles) are related. We will determine the Ideal gas constant by measuring the pressure, volume and temperature of a collected gas. By calculating the moles of gas, R can be determined.
Pre laboratory writing
Pre laboratory writing
Complete the pre laboratory writing assignment in your laboratory notebook. The prewriting must be completed before the laboratory session begins. The writing should include a purpose/hypothesis of the experiment, a discussion or theory, a detailed step by step summary of the procedure explaining what data will be collected and how you will collect it. Data Tables or space to collect the data should be included within the procedure discussion. Look up any SDS on chemicals you are not familiar with.
Use this simulation to answer the last questions in the pre laboratory problems document:
Kinetic Molecular Theory Computer Simulation©2016 Gelder, Abraham, Greenbowe Chemistry Education Resources , Oklahoma State Unversity, Oklahoma University, University of Oregon, Pearson.
https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_chem/chem_sim/kmt/KMT.php
The demonstration and computer simulation will help students explore all three levels of representation of Amonton's Law, i.e. following Johnstone's Triangle, and it will help make the connection to the Kinetic Molecular Theory. The qualitative demonstration takes about five minutes to perform.
Procedure and Report
Procedure and Report
Part I: Determination of R
Part I: Determination of R
Collect the experimental data used to calculate the Ideal Gas Constant, R,.
Share your data in the Class data sheet and complete all trials to determine the average value of R.
You can calculate the vapor pressure of water using http://www.endmemo.com/chem/vaporpressurewater.php instead of looking it up on the table.
Ideal Gas Law: Where did R come from?
Ideal Gas Law: Where did R come from?
Tyler DeWitt - http://socratic.org/chemistry
You can find the number for R in any textbook, but where did it come from in the first place? In this video, we show how to derive the universal gas constant used in the ideal gas law.
Determination of R Constant (Lab)
Determination of R Constant (Lab)
DrJoeBentley show a method of experimentally determine the ideal gas constant. Although this experiment uses magnesium metal instead of zinc metal the set up is very similar.
Part II: Boyle's Law
Part II: Boyle's Law
Collect the data needed to complete the procedure for Boyle's law. using the MicroLab procedure to set up the computer and program.
Boyle's Law Demonstrations
Boyle's Law Demonstrations
North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics
Part of NCSSM CORE collection: This video shows the relationship between volume and pressure by placing a balloon, a marshmallow, and shaving cream a vacuum bell jar. http://www.dlt.ncssm.edu
Please attribute this work as being created by the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. This work is licensed under Creative Commons CC-BY http://creativecommons.org/licenses/b...
Part III: Charles' Law
Part III: Charles' Law
Collect volume and temperature data and create a graph of the data to determine the value of temperature at volume is zero. Using the Flinn Scientific video below, record the volume and temperature of the gas in the syringe and create a graph of temperature versus volume. Was Charles’s Law proven in the video?
Charles Law and Absolute Zero
Charles Law and Absolute Zero
FlinnScientific - How low can you go? Estimate absolute zero by graphing volume versus temperature data for gases in a sealed syringe.
The Sci Guys: Science at Home - SE2 - EP10: Charles's Law of Ideal Gases
The Sci Guys - Welcome to the tenth episode of season 2 of The Sci Guys. In this episode we will be using balloons to explore one of the gas laws, named Charles's law of ideal gases. We will show you how the temperature and volume of an ideal gas are directly proportional and explain why gases follow Charles's gas law. Charles's law specifically works on ideal gases. Examples of gases that act like ideal gases are oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. At the end of this video you will be able to demonstrate with an experiment how Charles's law of gases works and explain how gas molecules react to changes in temperature and volume.
Part IV: Pressure and Temperature
Part IV: Pressure and Temperature
Class data is provided for this part. The simulation can be used to see the graph of change in pressure due to a change in temperature.
Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains Why You Can’t Reach Absolute Zero
Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains Why You Can’t Reach Absolute Zero
Cool things happen at low temperatures. In this StarTalk explainer, we’re cooling things down – way down. But how cold can we actually get? Neil deGrasse Tyson and comic co-host Chuck Nice investigate the limits of temperature and a lot more.
Kinetic Molecular Theory Part 1
KMT Part 2
What's the Point of Kelvin Temperatures?
https://youtu.be/AHKBXBru_Fg
Absolute zero
Gas Laws--P vs T
Gas Laws--P vs T
Marc Seigel - This podcast explains the relationship between Pressure and Temperature of an ideal gas. It uses the PHeT Gas Properties simulation.
The Sci Guys: Science at Home - SE2 - EP11: Gay-Lussac's Law of Ideal Gases
The Sci Guys - Welcome to the eleventh episode of season 2 of The Sci Guys. In this episode we will be using candles, water and a beaker to explore one of the gas laws, named Gay-Lussac's law of ideal gases. We will show you how the temperature and pressure of an ideal gas are directly proportional and explain why gases follow Gay-Lussac's gas law. Gay-Lussac's law specifically works on ideal gases. Examples of gases that act like ideal gases are oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. At the end of this video you will be able to demonstrate with an experiment how Gay-Lussac's law of gases works and explain how gas molecules react to changes in temperature and pressure.
Formal Report and Conclusion Paragraph
Formal Report and Conclusion Paragraph
Complete the formal report with the purpose, theory, summary of the procedure, references used, data, results, graphs and calculations and write a conclusion paragraph using the RERUNS method. A discussion of how to prepare the formal report and a conclusion paragraph is given in Appendix D: How to Write a Formal Laboratory Report
Virtual Experiment 22
Virtual Experiment 22
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