Unit 1.
Define reversible process.
Define equilibrium.
Write the equilibrium constant expression for a given reaction.
Determine the value of the equilibrium constant given equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products.
Use the equilibrium constant to predict the relative amounts of reactants to products at equilibrium.
Differentiate between heterogeneous and homogeneous equilibria.
Convert between Kc and Kp for a reaction involving gases.
https://youtu.be/cmVuUFIaLW0 Duration: 5:23
This chemistry video tutorial explains how to write the equilibrium constant expression for a chemical reaction according the law of mass action principle for chemical equilibrium. This video contains plenty of examples and practice problems. Keep in mind, solids and liquids should be written in the equilibrium expression.
Unit 2.
Differentiate between equilibrium constant and reaction quotient.
Calculate ΔG and ΔGº and of a reaction at a temperature given Q or K.
Predict the direction of a reaction given initial concentrations of reactants and products and the value of the
equilibrium constant.
Intuition behind why spontaneity is driven by enthalpy, entropy and temperature. Introduction to Gibbs free energy. Created by Sal Khan.
In this video Paul Andersen discriminates between spontaneous (or thermodynamically favored) processes and those that are not spontaneous. A spontaneous process requires no external energy source. If the enthalpy change in a reaction is negative and the entropy is positive a spontaneous process will occur.
In this video Paul Andersen explains how you can use the Gibbs Free Energy equation to determine if a process is spontaneous or not spontaneous. If the ΔG is less than zero the process is spontaneous. If the ΔG is greater than zero the process is not spontaneous. If the ΔG is equal to zero the process is at equilibrium. The ΔH, ΔS, and T are all used to calculate ΔG.
In this video Paul Andersen explains how thermodynamic and equilibrium reasoning can be related through changes in free energy and the equilibrium constant. When the delta G is negative the reaction shifts to the right or favors products. When the delta G is positive the reaction shifts to the left or favors reactants. In biological systems exergonic reactions (like cellular respiration) can be linked to endergonic reactions (like the production of ATP).
Unit 3.
Solve Equilibrium problems use an ICE table
Calculate the equilibrium concentration of reactants or products given initial concentrations.
Construct an equilibrium table for a reaction and use it to determine equilibrium, initial or final
concentrations of a reactant or product.
https://youtu.be/1GiZzCzmO5Q (duration - 6:47)
Unit 4
Give in your own words the meaning of Le Châtelier’s principle.
Apply Le Châtelier’s principle toward determining the shift of a reaction at equilibrium given a change in one of the following: removal or addition of reactant or product, change in volume or pressure, and temperature change.
In this video Paul Andersen explains how disturbances to a reversible reaction at equilibrium affect the equilibrium constant and the reaction quotient. For example if the concentration is changed the reaction will move to reestablish the equilibrium constant. If the temperature is changed a new equilibrium constant will be established.
This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into Le Chatelier's Principle of chemical equilibrium. It explains how to determine which direction the reaction will shift if the concentrations of the reactants or the products increase in value. It discusses the effect of adding a catalyst or an inert gas on the position of equilibrium. It also discusses the effect of changing the volume and pressure on equilibrium.
This is my presentation on Unit 4