File Types

Native File Type

A native file type is the “home” file format for a program. It’s the kind of file that program creates by default and keeps all the special tools, layers, and settings you used.

Example:

• Photoshop → .PSD

• Illustrator → .AI

• Word → .DOCX

Native files are best for editing, but you usually need to export or save as another format (like PDF, JPEG, or PNG) to share your work with others who don’t have the same program.

PDF - Portable Document File

A PDF is a file type that keeps a document’s look the same on any computer, phone, or program. Fonts, images, and layout don’t change.

Why Designers Use It:

• Easy to share — anyone can open it

• Keeps design locked in place (no shifting text or missing fonts)

• Can be printed or viewed online. Typically used for printed documents. 

• Works across different devices and software

Reminder for Designers:

• Use native files (like .PSD or .AI) when you need to edit

• Use PDFs when you’re finished and ready to share

JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group 

A JPEG is a common image file type that makes pictures smaller by compressing them. This makes it easy to share and upload, but sometimes the quality goes down.

Why Designers Use It:

• Works on almost any device or program

• Small file size → good for web, email, and social media

• Great for photographs and full-color images

Things to Remember:

• Compression can cause quality loss (blurry or pixelated if saved too many times)

• Not good for editing → layers and details are flattened

• Use JPEG to share, not to keep working

• This is the file type we will use for your portfolio! 

PNG - Portable Networks Graphics

A PNG is an image file type that keeps high quality and supports transparent backgrounds, making it great for design work.

Why Designers Use It:

• Clear, sharp images (no quality loss when saved)

• Supports transparency → no background behind logos, icons, or graphics

• Good for web graphics, logos, and designs

Things to Remember:

• Larger file size than JPEG

• Not the best for photos (use JPEG instead)

• Best for designs that need clean edges or transparency