Learning Intention: To become familiar with the Subsystems of language and the requirements of VCE English Language 3-4
Success Criteria:
-I can list SIX Subsystems of Language and what they cover
-I can list and define NINE word classes
Learning Intention: To become familiar with required concepts of Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology and Lexicology.
Success Criteria:
-I can identify and label types of morphemes
-I can list FIVE prosodic features
-I can list and give an example of SIX different ways words are created.
Words are constantly being created and evolving. A new word or lexeme (including multi-word lexemes) is a Neologism. They are rarely created without one of the following processes:
affixation- when derivational morphemes are added to create new meaning. E.g. YouTube--> YouTuber
shortening - when morphemes in the word are dropped. E.g. Photograph--> Photo, Refrigerator-->Fridge
compounding- when two separate words are combined. E.g. main circuit board--> motherboard.
blending- when the morphemes from separate words are combined. E.g. Brother + Romance--> Bromance
backformation- when affixes are incorrectly removed to switch classes. E.g. televise was formed 20 years after television
conversion of word class- when a word switches classes without morphological change. E.g. email (noun)--> email (verb)
initialism, acronym- when letters representing a longer lexeme are used in its place. E.g. Automatic Teller Machine-->ATM, Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus--> Scuba. *The difference is that acronyms are pronounced as if they are a word, while the letters are said for an initialism.
contraction- when letters are removed but marked with an apostrophe. E.g. Do not--> Don't.
borrowings- when words are 'borrowed' from another language. E.g. tsunami (meaning sudden and destructive wave from Japanese)
commonisation- when proper nouns (often brand names) become the common term. E.g. esky, lamington.
abbreviation- part acronym, shortening and initialism. E.g. St.-->"street". VCAA--> "V" is said but then "CAA" becomes car.