Key Concepts 

KC-4.1: New democratic ideals and an evolving national culture defined the period, even as Americans struggled to fulfill the promise of a more inclusive democracy.

KC-4.2: Innovations in technology and commerce dramatically accelerated the American economy (Market Revolution), leading to profound transformations in social structure and culture.

KC-4.3: The pursuit of foreign trade and territorial expansion dominated U.S. foreign policy, driving government and private initiatives (like Manifest Destiny) across the continent.

Lesson 4.2 – Jeffersonian Democracy

Rise of Political Parties

How did the earliest policy debates shape the future of American governance? In this lesson, we explore the continuing debates of national political parties over tariffs, federal power, and foreign policy, and how key Supreme Court decisions asserted judicial and federal supremacy.  📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.3 – Politics and Regional Interests

Why couldn't national leaders put aside their regional differences? In this lesson, we analyze how regional interests over slavery and economic policy led to fierce debates about the role of the federal government, and why congressional attempts at compromise, such as the Missouri Compromise, only temporarily postponed a larger conflict.  📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.4 – America on the World Stage

How did the young United States try to assert itself globally? We examine America's struggle to create an independent global presence, its push for continental territory and foreign trade, and how military, diplomatic, and removal efforts, including the Monroe Doctrine, established influence and control over the Western Hemisphere.  📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.5 – Market Revolution: Industrialization

What economic and technological breakthroughs fundamentally changed how America worked? We explore the causes and effects of the Market Revolution, examining how entrepreneurs, new technology, and key infrastructure projects like canals and railroads led to more organized manufacturing and a growing, interconnected national economy.  📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.6 – Market Revolution: Social & Cultural

How did the factory, the railroad, and the city change American life and labor? We investigate how commerce and technology reshaped society, leading to mass migration, the emergence of new social classes (a larger middle class and a laboring poor), and shifting gender roles, particularly new domestic ideals for women.

📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.7 – Expanding Democracy

Was the expansion of voting rights truly "democratic" in this era? We trace the causes and effects of expanding participatory democracy, following the shift from property requirements to universal white male suffrage, and how this change fueled the growth of the American political party system. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.8 – Jackson and Federal Power

How did one president's actions ignite a national struggle over the limits of federal power? We examine the policy debates and conflicts of the Jacksonian Era, focusing on the clash between the Democrats and the Whigs over issues like the national bank and tariffs, and the resulting policy of Indian Removal. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.9 – The Development of an American Culture

How did the young nation finally create its own unique culture? In this lesson, we explore how a new national culture emerged by combining American elements, European influences, and regional sensibilities. We examine how Romantic beliefs in human perfectibility and liberal social ideas from abroad influenced American literature, art, and philosophy, giving rise to unique movements like Transcendentalism. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.10 – The Second Great Awakening

What spiritual and cultural shift led to a massive wave of religious revival? We explain the causes of the Second Great Awakening, a massive Protestant revival fueled by democratic and individualistic beliefs, a reaction against rationalism, and the vast social changes brought by the Market Revolution. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.11 – An Age of Reform

Why did a spiritual revival lead to a nationwide call for moral and social change? In this lesson, we explore the causes and effects of a sweeping Age of Reform, driven by the Second Great Awakening and new democratic ideals. We investigate key movements like the anti-slavery movement, temperance, and the women’s rights movement that first gathered at the Seneca Falls Convention. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.12 – African Americans in the Early Republic

How did African Americans resist and build community under the oppressive system of slavery? We explore the continuities and changes in the African American experience, focusing on how enslaved and free black communities created strategies to protect their dignity and families, and how resistance efforts, including revolts, challenged their status. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Lesson 4.13 – The Society of the South

How did geography and the "King Cotton" economy forge a unique Southern identity? We explain how geographic and environmental factors shaped the development of the South, analyzing how the reliance on agricultural staples and the expansion of the slavery system into new western lands contributed to a distinct and enduring Southern regional identity. 📘 C.E.D.

🎥 Video         📓 Flip Notes  🧠 Practicum  

Period 4 Review 

Use these resources to prepare for the Summative Assessment

 📓Period 4 Flash Card Review  

 🙋 Period 4 Jeopardy