You may have heard the phrase 'put your own oxygen mask on first' being used, and this refers to the need to consider our own wellbeing and emotional safety before being able to attend to the needs of others'. This will be especially important during stessful or challenging times and we have created a separate page on staff wellbeing.
Supporting our pupils' emotional literacy is key to a resilient classroom. Children process and make sense of what happens to them by creating a coherent narrative, and this is only possible if they are supported to talk about their thoughts and feelings. We know some pupils find this harder than others and this may be especially true depending upon individual circumstances. What we can do is make discussions about feelings a regular part of the school day. We can use regular emotional check-ins, and normalise emotions through discussing our own feelings or linking with stories we are reading. Classroom displays or topic work based around emotions are also useful ways to increase opportunities for emotional literacy. Consider ways to support children to talk about their experiences and provide opportunities to normalise a wide range of emotions. See our page on Emotion Coaching for more information/ideas.
Safe spaces or calm down areas can be really helpful but space in schools can be limited and actually, we should consider how to make the whole class a safe space:
Academic tasks can be overwhelming for some children; consider soft-start activities and regular check-ins.
Clear routine and structure will promote a sense of safety and predictability for pupils. Use clear and consistent rules, visual timetables to prepare them for the day, and give them clear explanations. Involve them in (or at least seek their views on) rules and decisions wherever you can.
Tasks should be broken up with regular movement or activity breaks (even if just a jumping jack or relaxation activity at our desk) and have these as a normal part of our day. Explain to children why you are doing this - the more we talk to children about their brains and bodies and how they work, the better! The EPS Mindfulness for Children Booklet has some simple activities that can help achieve this.
When children do need a 'safe' or 'break out' space, can we use outdoor areas?
Resilience is complex and multi-faceted. We often think that we have to use a specific intervention, such as Bounceback to develop resilience in learners. But we can teach the skills or attitudes of resilience in our everyday interactions with learners.
It is important to remember that Resilience is made up of the three elements of skill set, attitude and lifestyle. Some of these, the individual has control over in their life and some they do not. If you reflect on your own life, your own ability to bounce back from difficult times or cope with stress, you will see it varies on the mixture of factors in the illustration below.
Interventions and programmes can teach the skill sets below. Free school meals and the daily mile can help with lifestyle facets. But good teaching, and positive interactions with learners can help them develop the attitudes of resilience. Just by good modelling, language and interactions with learners, teaching staff can impact and develop their resilience - at any point in the school year and during a learner's whole education, from nursery to sixth year!
Focusing on the attitudes that build resilience is a positive and easy way to support the wellbeing of both staff and learners:
Do simple gratitude exercises, make learners (and modelled by the adults) gratitude trees, notes, postcards, diaries etc. For example what are they grateful for about returning to school, what were they grateful for during lockdown, who are they grateful to see again? (obviously use discretion around individual circumstances for any activities like these)
Model responding to things that go wrong or are stressful with humour. Show learners when you make a mistake or something goes wrong that humour helps you cope with it.
Talk openly about change and the positive aspects of any changes during the recovery phase and return to school. Spending more time with family, being able to be outside more or anything else relevant to your cohort of learners. By talking openly about accepting change and the positive benefits of change, encouraging learners to consider positives, you help them embrace change in their own lives.
Clarke, J., Nicholson, D. (2010). Resilience: Bounce Back from Whatever Life Throws at You. Crimson Publishing, Richmond, Surrey.
Goleman, D. (1996). Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ, Bloomsbury, London.
Seligman, M. (2007). Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realise Your Potential for Deep Fulfillment, Nicholas Brealey, London.
The Resilience Alphabet is a resource that Aberdeen City Council Education Team collaborated on and includes ideas and activities to help your child build inner strength and wellbeing. For each letter there is a definition, something to think about, something positive to say and some suggestions of things to Make, Do or Write.
A mindset can be defined as a person's way of thinking and their opinions. In her ground breaking psychological research, Carol Dweck uses two opposing terms to categorise mindsets. The first is a fixed mindset, in which people believe that their talent, intelligence and capabilities are determined and unchangeable. If they fail at something, they take it as a sign of their lack of talent and avoid the task at all cost to protect their self-esteem. The second is the growth mindset, the one which most high performers thrive on. Those with a growth mindset are open to challenges and use failures as lessons they can learn from. A growth mindset, Dweck argues, leads to people trying to be the best they can be, and therefore being more likely to fulfil their potential.
Remember Nurture Principle 5, all behaviour is a form of communication. Often all we see is the behaviour but what we do not see is all of the possible underlying things that have led to a person acting this way. If a child's behaviour is communicating to us that they are not coping, we need to support them to feel Safe, Seen, Soothed and Secure (Siegel & Payne Bryson, 2020). We have to connect with them before we correct their behaviour.
Autism Outreach have lots of online resources including this training on Behaviour as Communication
Dr Chris Moore offers some further considerations of what pupils' may need from us: