Portage 管理

Portage 是 Gentoo Linux 特有的套件管理，頗具彈性。

emerge-webrsync, fetch the latest portage snapshot from the mirrors.

emerge --info 可以看到目前的設定，如 USE, ALSA_CARDS, 等等。

eix -- Small utility for searching ebuilds with indexing for fast results

使用

eix firefox --> search the packages 'firefox'

eix-update --> generate cache

euses -- look up USE flag descriptions fast

USE 改變之後，看那些 package 需要重新 emerge。

emerge -av --update --newuse --deep @world

list the dependencies for a package

equery g krdc

gvfs mount point: /run/user/1000/gvfs/

Rebuild packages

revdep-rebuild -ip 或

emerge -av @preserved-rebuild

重新產生 digest

ebuild nvidia-drivers-100.14.11.ebuild digest

Portage TMPDIR on tmpfs

During emerge, you can build packages in tmpfs. Instead of having large build files in hdd. This speeds up emerge times and reduces hdd/ssd wearing.

You can mount /var/tmp to tmpfs with following config, 修改 /etc/fstab 如下

none /var/tmp/portage tmpfs size=2048M,noatime 0 0

然後 mount all partitions，如下

root # mount -a

Tmpfs should be big enough. When it gets full, emerge fails at that point. Most packages dont need much space but there are few very large packages. For example: app-office/openoffice: 10G or so. www-client/chromium: More than 2GB.

You can configure emerge to build large packages outside of the tmpfs drive. Create the file to tell portage where to place the temporary files directory.

建立 File /etc/portage/env/notmpfs.conf

PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp/notmpfs"

Create the file in which you will list all the packages that need some special environment variable settings.

File /etc/portage/package.env

app-office/libreoffice notmpfs.conf

   mail-client/mozilla-thunderbird notmpfs.conf

   www-client/chromium notmpfs.conf

   www-client/firefox notmpfs.conf

   sys-devel/gcc notmpfs.conf