Grades K-5 Mathematics
Problem Solving
Problem Solving: A District-wide Elementary Initiative
Problem solving is the central focus of mathematics. It is the process by which students explore mathematics and the purpose of learning mathematics. The goal is not to perform isolated computations, but rather to be able to apply varied math skills to solve problems. One objective of problem solving instruction is to enable students to use their repertoire of math skills to solve problems. But it takes more than isolated math skills to be an effective problem solver. It also takes:
a variety of thinking skills that allows students to organize ideas, select appropriate strategies, and determine the reasonableness of solutions.
an understanding of how to use and adapt strategies dependent on the problem situation.
an ability to reflect on how we solve problems to help us better understand our own thought processes and identify why we select and apply various strategies.
To promote and encourage problem solving, classroom teachers reference specific common problem solving stategies embedded throughout lessons in Grades 1 through 5. Two components of this instruction include the problem solving process and problem solving strategies. Students have multiple opportunities to practice and expand their problem solving skills throughout the year.
Problem Solving Process
Make Sense of the Problem.
Model the situation with math.
Find one or more solutions.
Look back to see if it makes sense.
Repeat steps when necessary!
Problem Solving Strategies
Draw a picture or diagram
Find a pattern
Guess, check, and revise
Use objects
Make an organized list
Make a table
Use a number sentence
Work backwards
Use logical reasoning
Make it simpler