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Great Prizes up for grabs. Check out the Science Fair topics and start your project today!
1-Measuring skills
1-Measuring skills
> Your task is to select and use the most appropriate piece of measuring equipment to measure a variety of things in class and around the school.
> Ensure you record your data with the correct units.
Make a copy of the document at the link here Measuring inquiry
2-Collecting data and calculating speed/velocity
2-Collecting data and calculating speed/velocity
Complete the Speed challenge tasks.
> For each task you are required to ensure your measurements are accurate. To be accurate you need to use the most suitable measuring equipment, and record the measurement in the most suitable units.
> To calculate speed/velocity you need to convert your measurements of distance to metres, and Time to seconds.
> Use the formula v=d/t
Make a copy of the document at the link here Speed challenge , or use the hardcopy from your kaiako.
3-Distance Time graphs
3-Distance Time graphs
Understanding what information we can show on a distance-time graph and how we can use this to calculate other values is important in understanding the motion of objects.
Starter Q's: (Reminder the units we use are either m/s or km/h so if time is in minutes it needs to be converted to hours)
a) Ms Keighley was power walking to class, she covered the 15metres down the corridor in 8 seconds. How fast was she walking?
b) Paige catches the bus to school, she covered the 35km on the bus and it took 30minutes. What was the average speed of the bus?
c) Kita was feeling energetic and jogged the 2.5km in 20 minutes, what was her average velocity?
1) Draw your own distance -time graph from one of the stories below;
A) Speedy the Snail’s Great Race
Speedy the Snail wasn’t like other snails—he dreamed of being the fastest creature in the garden! One day, he saw a poster for the Great Garden Race, where critters from all over would compete to see who could reach the Big Oak Tree first.
Determined to win, Speedy set off on his journey. Here’s what happened:
0 minutes: Speedy started strong, zooming (well, as much as a snail can) at 2 cm per minute for 5 minutes.
5 minutes: Suddenly, he spotted a delicious-looking leaf. He stopped for a 3-minute snack break—no movement at all!
8 minutes: Feeling refreshed, Speedy picked up the pace, moving at 3 cm per minute for 7 minutes.
15 minutes: Disaster struck! A big raindrop fell right on top of him, sending him sliding backwards 4 cm in just 2 minutes.
17 minutes: Determined not to give up, Speedy pressed on at a steady 2.5 cm per minute for the next 6 minutes.
23 minutes: With the finish line in sight, Speedy made one last push, dashing at 4 cm per minute for the final 5 minutes—his fastest speed yet!
After 28 minutes, Speedy crossed the finish line, proud of his wild adventure! He then stopped for a rest.
B)Emma’s 400-Meter Race
B)Emma’s 400-Meter Race
Emma was a talented sprinter, and today was the big 400-meter race at her school’s track meet. She was determined to do her best!
Here’s how her race went:
0 seconds: The starting gun fired, and Emma exploded off the blocks, sprinting at 8 meters per second for the first 5 seconds.
5 seconds: She settled into a steady pace, running at 6 meters per second for the next 20 seconds.
25 seconds: She started feeling tired and slowed to 4 meters per second for 10 seconds.
35 seconds: With the finish line in sight, Emma pushed herself, speeding up to 7 meters per second for the final 5 seconds.
After 40 seconds, Emma crossed the finish line, breathing hard but proud of her race! She then stopped to catch her breath.
4-Gradients from Distance-Time graphs
4-Gradients from Distance-Time graphs
Understanding that the information on a distance-time graph can be used to calculate the velocity of an object.
Gradient(slope) =rise/run
Gradient on D-T graph = velocity
1) Calculate the gradient of the 2 lines on the graph. Show working, and units.
2) Calculate the velocity of the car on the road trip for sections A & C on the graph below.
3) a) Calculate the velocity of the object using the gradients on the final graph. Show your working.
b) After calculating the velocity of the object use this information to write a description of the journey of the object.
5-Acceleration
5-Acceleration
> To calculate acceleration you need to find 2 variables, how the speed has changed (increased or decreased) and how long it took to do this (time).
> Use the formula a = change in velocity/change in time.
> Q 1) A rocket was fired vertically. It left the launch pad and after 12s was travelling at 20m/s. What wa the rocket's acceleration?
> Q 2) The Ambulance had to accelerate from 90 km/h to 110km/h to pass a car to get to an emergency. This took 5 seconds. What was its acceleration?
> Q 3) The rubbish truck braked to a stop when picking up rubbish, from travelling 40km/h, this took 6 seconds. What was it's deceleration?
6-Speed-Time graphs
6-Speed-Time graphs
>
7-Hot Wheels - Collecting data practicals
7-Hot Wheels - Collecting data practicals
> Now you have the basic understanding of some key ideas around velocity and acceleration, you need to be able to use equipment to accurately collect data and use this to calculate these.
HotWheels Lab.pdfhot_wheelin_physics_pdf.pdf
8-Hot Wheels - Processing data practise
8-Hot Wheels - Processing data practise
> Using the collected data to plot graphs using google sheets, Use your data to produce a distance-time graph and a speed-time graph.
>You will need to calculate Velocity first using the collected data for each section.
> See example below of what you should be able to produce.
> Extra for experts - use the gradients of each section on the Speed-time graph to calculate the acceleration of the car at different sections.
Processing data practise
Processing data practise
Process the following data to create a graph that shows the effect of ramp height on speed.
Ramp Height - 5cm Trial 1 = 1.9 sec Trial 2 = 2.1sec Trial 3 = 2.3sec
Ramp Height - 10cm Trial 1 = 1.6 sec Trial 2 = 1.8 sec Trial 3 = 1.71sec
Ramp Height - 15cm Trial 1 = 1.3 sec Trial 2 = 1.15sec Trial 3 = 1.09sec
Ramp Height - 20cm Trial 1 = 0.8 sec Trial 2 = 0.97sec Trial 3 = 0.78 sec
1) Calculate the speed for each trial (over a 2 metre distance) Reminder: Speed = distance/time
2) Average the speed for each Ramp height
3) Put the data into a google sheet with the 1st column being Ramp height, the 2nd column being average speed.
4) Select the data and create a chart, customize the chart into a line graph,
5) Ensure it has suitable title, labels and units.
6) Write a results statement summarising what the graph shows about the relationship between ramp height and speed, include pieces of data in your results statement.
7) Think about why this trend occurs, Can you explain what physics ideas support this?
9 - Energy Ideas
9 - Energy Ideas
Complete the mini activities at each energy station and record what energy type(s) the station is an example of, if there are energy transformation record these also.
1) Matches
2) Plasma ball
3) Newton's Cradle
4) Magnifying glass & paper
5) Tuning fork & water
6) Solar oven
7) Potato clock
8) Marble track
9) Bouncy ball drop
10) balloon & butterfly
11) Rubber band racer?
12) Radiometer
13) Hand boiler
14) Popcorn party
10 - Forces
10 - Forces
Forces are pushes, pulls & twists. They make things change; change shape, change direction, and change speed. Forces are measured in Newtons (N) and fit into 2 categories; Non-contact forces and contact forces.
Some more on graphs ..... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXejcX1nQs4
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