The basilica of Santa Pudenziana is a 4th-century church in Rome, dedicated to Saint Pudenziana, sister of Saint Praxedis, and daughter of Saint Pudens. St Paul refers to Pudens in 2 Timothy 4:21. In the 4th century, it was transformed into a three-naved church designated as titulus Pudentis. The church of Santa Pudenziana is the oldest place of Christian worship in Rome. Built over a 1st or 2nd-century house around AD 140–155, it re-uses part of an even more ancient bath facility from the reign of the Emperor Hadrian (117-138), still visible in the structure of the apse.
Until 313, when Emperor Constantine I offered the Lateran Palace instead, this was the home of the Popes. The church is situated below the level of the street, and as one enters through wrought iron gates, and down the steps that lead into the square courtyard from both sides of the entrance, it is a little like stepping into another world.
You can see from the next photo that the church of St Pudenziana sits considerably below the level of the street (much like St Vitalis, remember?). This was taken looking down from the top of the steps. The Romanesque belltower was added in the early 13th century.
Today, Santa Pudenziana is the national church for the Philippines in Rome.
Just think for a moment with me . . . imagine St Peter himself, at the end of a long day, during which he had been tramping around the city, administering the sacraments, preaching, visiting with his flock . . .
Now his footsteps are on the street. He is coming home — home to this place. Is it not simply awesome to think that we can tread the same ground that once bore the weight of the Prince of the Apostles? St. Mark, his faithful assistant, is with him. Sts Praxedis and Pudenziana pull up chairs for them, and offer them crispy flatbread, some creamy fresh cheese, olives, and a little wine. St Peter likes to have only a light meal in the evenings.
Peter shares with them the joys and sorrows of the day. There are rumors that several members of the emperor's own household are considering conversion, and he has heard that St Paul is on his way to Rome after being shipwrecked for a time in Malta. He will be under house arrest, but they will be able to visit with him. What tales he will have to share! Pudenziana and Praxedis tell him of their work among the poor children of the city, and teasingly beg St Peter to come with them one day - the little ones would love to meet him. To their surprise and delight, his wrinkled old face relaxes into the fatherly smile they love so dearly, and he promises to come with them in the morning, on his way to the domus ecclesia out on the Aventine. Suddenly, Senator Pudens, the young women's father, comes whistling in the door, and soon they are all laughing together and sipping a last cup of wine before bed. How precious are these sweet days . . . . . but how short . . . . . how very, very short . . . . .
Sometimes Peter gathered the faithful from all corners of the city to designated places just outside the city, to preach and teach, fortifying his flock, evangelizing their friends, telling stories of Jesus, all the things he remembered from his days with the Lord . . . . . How those ancient Christians took delight in those special evenings!
In 1588, a restoration transformed the three naves into one and a dome was added. The painting of Angels and Saints before the Savior in the dome is a fresco by Pomarancio.
One night, all who rest in the domus Pudentis have been in bed for only a short time, when suddenly they are awakened to shouts in the night and loud footsteps running in the street. "Rome is burning! Rome is burning!" They can see the orange glow on the walls of their home. Over the next several days the fire spreads and devours huge swaths of the city. Their home is not in danger, but they discover that many of their friends have lost everything.
It is not many days before the rumors start . . .Whispers in the night . . . . . The emperor is to blame for this catastrophe . . . . . At first Nero does not listen to the whispers. In the rubble of the aftermath of the fire, he builds a grand new house for himself. The Domus Aureus (Golden House) it is called. It is magnificent. But many are on the streets, having lost everything. The whispers become louder, and more persistent. Soon, the emperor dares not ignore the rumors any longer. They say there are those who wish him dead.
In the city, there are people, it is said, who despise the gods, and wish to to replace the glorious gods of Rome with some upstart new god named Chrestos. This is very dangerous. For centuries the gods have protected the Eternal City. If the favor of the Roman gods is lost, who knows what calamity might befall? Is not the great fire proof the gods are offended? These rumors become more urgent, the questions more frequent. Nero makes his move. The Christians are to blame. It is they who started the great fire . . . . .
Everyone who is associated in any way with Christianity is suspect. Pudenziana and Praxedes have not seen St Peter, St Mark or their father for days. They fear the worst. A great extravaganza is planned they hear, at the Circus of Nero out on the Vatican Hill. It is not long before they know the agenda. Christians wrapped in tar and pitch and straw, to be set on fire to serve as torches to light the arena, Christians as objects of torture and abuse. Crucifixions. "Death — death to the Christians!"
As we walk through the darkened nave, we remember, and we feel their fear, their dread of what lay ahead. And yet, we walk solemnly forward with confidence as they did anciently. Glowing in the apse, a mosaic bears witness to the triumph of Christianity, so despised in the days of these early Christians. There Christ reigns from a bejeweled throne, wearing a golden toga with a purple trim. He wears a halo and extends his right hand; his left hand holds the text: "Dominus conservator ecclesiae Pudentianae" (The Lord is the preserver of the church of Pudenziana). He sits among his apostles, who wear the togas of senators, while Praxedis and Pudenziana serve as their hostesses.
Above them we see the roofs and domes of the heavenly Jerusalem, and above Christ stands a large jewel-encrusted cross amid the iconographic symbols of the Four Evangelists - the angel,the lion, the ox, and the eagle. We wonder, as Sts Praxedes and Pudentiana go among the dead, gathering relics and giving the bodies of their friends Christian burial, did their hearts, though heavy with loss, know with faith that we would one day be standing here, and that their sacrifices would not have been for naught?
By Welleschik - <span class="int-own-work" lang="en">Own work</span>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6835165">Link</a>
BELOW: St Peter Altar
B y Welleschik - <span class="int-own-work" lang="en">Own work</span>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6835129">Link</a>
The following pictures were taken in the Chapel of St Peter. It is a very holy place. I would like to share a personal story that emphasizes the powerful presence that lingers there. In February 2020, I was in Rome for the Station Church pilgrimage, and had with me a small group of pilgrims that had come from Texas. It was a traumatic time. The COVID pandemic had broken out while we were on pilgrimage, and fear was palpable everywhere in the city. By this time, most of the universities and seminaries of Rome had already closed or were in the process of doing so, the Catacombs were all closed, the Vatican Museums had closed, and one by one all churches and sites and stores closed. We did not know it at the moment, but it was only a little over a week until the entire country of Italy would literally be shut down. Three days later, the Texas pilgrims were safely on their flights home, while my son flew home on the last Air Canada flight out of Rome a few days later, and I left on the last United flight out of Rome on the day the airport closed.
But at the moment, it was Wednesday, of the first full week of Lent. We attended the Station Church of the day, Santa Maria Maggiore on the Esquiline Hill, for the stational Mass (remember pilgrims, we were at Santa Maria Maggiore last Wednesday). After Mass, a few of the stranded seminarians from the Pontifical North American College asked if they could tag along with us for the day, so we enjoyed a light breakfast with them at an expresso bar, and then walked the few blocks to St Pudenziana. We descended the stairs from the street above, down into what appeared to be a sunken courtyard, and found the church open. There were no docents, no priests, no guides, no religious, and almost no one else but ourselves. It was eerie walking through the unguarded and semi-lit nave with no one else around, almost as if we had slipped back through time within those ancient walls. Some of the pilgrims were eager to move on, but I was on a mission - I had been told that the altar on which St Peter had celebrated Mass was preserved in this place.
One by one, the others dropped out of the search until only a very tall seminarian named Levi from Louisiana and I were still exploring. My information told me that the St Peter altar was in the far rear of the church at the end of the left aisle, but I could not find a way to get there. I stepped down finally into what appeared to be the entrance to the crypt, only to be stopped by a locked gate. I shook the gate gently in the event that the lock was not fast. No luck. I tried to reach through, but i could not make my hand assume the correct angle. Suddenly I heard Levi who had come to my side, say, "I think I can reach over!" In a moment we were through the gate, and into the gloom of the crypt. While it had been eerie in the church, now it seemed downright spooky, even macabre.
Our flashlight made shadows dance before us, and revealed what appeared to be years of dust and rubble. Only faint light from the outside filtered in, enough to create ghostly silhouettes of the tombs and monuments. We stumbled forward. Finally we wound our way to the far left rear of the crypt in what had been the oldest part of the building. There we saw on the walls of a small chapel, 2 plaques written in Latin. You can see them in the photos below. Neither Levi nor I was by any stretch of the imagination fluent in Latin, but we bumbled our way through enough to understand that we were being informed that St Peter had received hospitality in this house, and St Peter had offered the Body and Blood of the Lord on the remains of a table preserved within the altar. We had found it!
Suddenly, I realized that I was alone. I could no longer see Levi anywhere. But a moment later, I discovered him on the floor beside me in tears, where he had melted to his knees, reminding me of St Thomas when Jesus revealed to him his nail scarred hands and Thomas collapsed to his knees saying "My Lord, and My God!"
Under the altar is a glass case containing a portion - about half - of the table on which Peter the Apostle celebrated the Eucharist in the house of Pudens. It is mostly decayed now, it certainly no longer looks like a table or an altar. The remainder of the table is embedded in the papal altar of St. John Lateran.
What a glorious presence was in that place! We stood where St Peter had stood, and where the ancient saints had received communion - the Body and Blood of Our Lord. How frail is man! How many generations have come and gone since that time? Yet as the Mystical Body and Bride of Christ we live still and are joined through all the generations in the communion of saints.
Most holy Lord, we are ever grateful for these precious friends of long ago who draw us to You with their stories, their courage, and their love. Send the Holy Spirit among us to strengthen our hearts, renew our minds, and prepare us for whatever tasks You have designed for us. You are our King, beloved above all we hold dear. Reveal to us Your will and grant us Your favor that we might accomplish all You desire of us. Show us in the continuing days of our pilgrimage, the amazing love of Your great heart as we continue to walk in the footsteps of Your saints.
The collect church for today was Santi Sergio e Bacco al Foro Romano, but sadly, it was destroyed.
Tomorrow we will spend the day with Pope St Sixtus, Deacon Lawrence's mentor, at the church of St Sixtus on the Appian Way. He was revered by the ancient & medieval saints, and his intercession was frequently sought. He is a powerful friend. It will be our joy to make his acquaintance.