Sources & notes:
• Nuclear warhead estimates from the Federation of American Scientists (FAS) and SIPRI (Jan–Mar 2025). FAS table lists country stockpiles and deployed counts (e.g., U.S. ~3,700 stockpile, ~1,670 deployed; Russia ~4,309 stockpile, ~1,718 deployed; China ~600; UK ~225; France ~290; India ~180; Pakistan ~170; North Korea ~50). Federation of American ScientistsSIPRIBulletin of the Atomic Scientists
• Active-duty headcounts, tanks, and total aircraft are from Global Firepower’s 2025 database (methodology: mixes official data and estimates). Global Firepower+2Global Firepower+2
• Aircraft carriers in service by country: Wikipedia overview and related summaries; U.S. has 11 large nuclear CATOBAR carriers; China, UK, France, India have smaller numbers. (Russia’s Kuznetsov has faced lengthy refit/availability issues.) Wikipedia+1
• Population & growth rates are from the UN/World Bank dashboards (2024 most-recent values). World Bank Open Data+1World Population Prospects
If you want, I can tailor this to more countries (Japan, Turkey, Pakistan, Israel, Iran, Brazil, Australia, etc.) or swap in different metrics (defense budgets, submarines, destroyers, combat aircraft only, reserve forces).