Ch 41. Navigation with Low‐Frequency Radio Signals

Overview

This chapter provides a brief overview of LF PNT systems but focuses on systems of the future. Although the principles of LF PNT dissemination have not changed, modern technologies combined with advanced knowledge of, and techniques for analyzing, the ionosphere, ground‐wave propagation, and sky‐wave propagation have enabled significant advances in performance and usability. The application of 21st‐century software, hardware, and algorithms to LF PNT better aligns its capabilities with other advanced PNT solutions.

Section 41.2 provides a brief history of LF PNT solutions and systems and introduces its dominant player: Loran.

Sections 41.3 through 41.6 develop the signal definition, signal transmission and associated technology, propagation, and noise and interference characteristics.

Section 41.7 describes signal reception and receiver design.

Section 41.8 describes the multi‐modal capabilities of 21st century Loran.

Section 41.9 touches on potential ways to further enhance LF PNT capabilities.