Injections

Interventional procedures aim to alleviate the pain, so that the sufferers can do more activities;

the aim is to get rid of the "pain -> spasm -> pain" vicious cycle.

They include:

* Trigger point injections for myofascial pain, Scar infiltration for post-surgical pain.

* Botulinium toxin injection for migraine.

* Nerve blocks done peripherally - eg suprascapular block, ilioinguinal nerve block, etc.

* Facet joint median nerve block injection for mechanical low back pain.

* Epidural blocks by various routes including translaminar, transforaminal and caudal routes.

* Nerve root blocks.

* Sacro-iliac joint blocks.

* Radiofrequency denervation of the facet joint for long-term pain relief.

* Pulsed radiofrequency ablation eg dorsal root ganglion.

* Pulsed radiofrequency of trigger points and peripheral nerves.

* Intravenous lignocaine infusions for widespread chronic pain.

* Intravenous regional blocks under tourniquet.

The main aim of the injections is to break the pain cycle and to improve the activities. Amongst other side-effects, injections can also cause flare-up or worsening of pain temporarily.