6.1 The Origin and Influence of Urbanization

Major Cities of Bangladesh:

Dhaka - Capital and largest city.

Chittagong - Main seaport.

Khulna - Industrial hub.

Rajshahi - Educational center.

Sylhet - Known for natural beauty.

Identifying a Metropolitan Area:

Dhaka is the metropolitan area, evident from its large population, economic significance, and cultural diversity. Its urban sprawl extends across neighboring districts, forming a densely populated region with a wide range of industries, educational institutions, and cultural attractions.

Population Characteristics and Diversity:

Dhaka sees significant rural-to-urban migration for better opportunities, resulting in a diverse population. Immigrants from rural areas bring with them distinct cultural practices and traditions, contributing to the city's vibrant social fabric.

Major Transportation:

Bangladesh offers road, rail, waterway, and air transport, with Dhaka being a major hub. The city's Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport connects it to major international destinations, while the extensive road network includes highways like the Dhaka-Chittagong Highway, facilitating intercity travel.

Changes in Communication Networks and Technology:

Bangladesh has seen advancements in internet and mobile technology, fostering digital services and e-commerce. Mobile banking services like bKash and online marketplaces like Daraz Bangladesh have become integral parts of everyday life for many Bangladeshis, transforming how they conduct financial transactions and shop for goods and services.

Population Migration:

People migrate from rural areas to cities like Dhaka and Chittagong for better livelihoods. This trend has led to the development of informal settlements, or "slums," on the outskirts of major cities, as migrants seek affordable housing options within urban centers.

Major Economic Activity:

In Dhaka, the garment industry is a major economic driver, with factories producing clothing for global brands like H&M and Walmart. The sector employs millions of workers, making significant contributions to the country's GDP and export earnings.

Government Policy Affecting Urbanization:

Government policies focus on sustainable urban development and infrastructure improvement in cities. Initiatives like the "Vision 2041" plan aim to address challenges such as traffic congestion and housing shortages, while promoting inclusive growth and environmental sustainability in urban areas.